DS 

114 

D489Tn 


A 

A 

0 

0 

^^=^=  3D 

0 

==^=^  JO 

8 

GIO 

3 

iNALL 

0 
4 
2 
9 

.IBRAI 

^i 

ACILIT 

7 

THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 
LOS  ANGELES 


MEMORABLE  DATES 


OF 


JEWISH  HISTORY 


BY 


GOTTHARD  DEUTSCH,  ph.  d., 

Professor  at  the  Hebrew  Unioo  College, 
Cincinnati,  O. 


NEW  YORK 
BLOCH  PUBLISHING  CO. 

1904 


■€;: 


'':e;^-'---%t'M-^W^'i 


MEMORABLE  DATES 


OF 


JEWISH  HISTORY 


BY 

GOTTHARD   DEUTSCH,  PH.  D., 

Professor  at  the  Hebrew  Union  College, 
Cincinnati,  O. 


NEW  YORK 

BLOCH  PUBLISHING  CO. 

1904 


//•/ 


Co  t|)c  |)0tiorablc  ^crnt)arU  ^cttmann, 

l^tejsiHent  of  tbe  %aatb  of  (JBotoctnor^ 

Of  tt)c  |)cb«to  itnion  CoUcffc  since  ita  Eottntiation, 

tbciSe  page?  are  tJeUJcateft 

on  tl)c  occasion  of  t)tB  setoentietl)  birtljUap, 

augutft  2, 1904, 

as  a  tofecn  of  fricnUfiibip  anU  aUmiratton 

bp  tte  author. 


MEMORABLE  DATES. 

INTRODUCTION. 

AMONG  the  various  attempts  to  explain  the  complex  phe- 
nomenon called  Judaism,  the  historical  explanation  will 
necessarily  be  the  least  disputed.  The  definition  of  Judaism  as 
a  racial  entity  is  strongly  denied  by  a  great  many  of  its  followers 
as  mistaking  the  accidental  for  the  essential.  The  definition  ot 
Judaism  as  a  creed  is  derided  by  a  great  number  of  men,  who 
not  onlv  allow  themselves  to  be  called  Jews  in  spite  of  their  mdit- 
ference"or  even  hostility  to  the  religious  question,  but  even  by  such 
who  zealously  work  for  its  future  destiny.  The  definition,  however, 
that  the  Jews  of  the  present  age  are  such  by  descent,  that  is, 
through  historic  forces,  be  those  forces  racial  or  religious,  cannot 
be  denied.    The  worst  that  may  be  said  against  it  is  that  it  is  not 

complete.  ,    ,  ,,     •   .        i. 

This  assertion  is  strongly  supported  by  the  fact  that  the  interest 
in  Jewish  history  is  manifested  in  our  age  as  it  never  has  been 
before,  by  publication  of  documents,  of  tombstone  inscriptions 
and  monographs,  by  the  founding  of  societies  devoted  to  the  fur- 
therance of  Jewish  history,  and  by  the  frequent  celebration  of 
centenaries,  or  similar  events,  recalling  important  turning  points 
in  the  history  of  our  past.  This  consideration  prompted  me  to 
collect  memorable  dates  in  Jewish  history,  arranged  accordmg 
to  the  days  of  the  month.  Such  a  collection  will  be,  m  the  first 
instance,  a  brief  list  of  memorable  persons  and  facts  m  the 
history  of  Judaism.     It  will  suggest  occasionally  the  celebration 

1 


2  MEMOJLIBLE    DATES — INTRODUCTION. 

of  centenaries,  and  so  furnish  for  the  home  and  for  the  school 
proper  means  for  bringing  home  vividly  the  memories  of  the  past. 
The  first  one  to  attempt  such  a  task  was  the  immortal  founder 
of  "Jevfish  science,"  Leopold  Zunz,  who,  in  1871,  published  his 
"Die  Monatstage  des  Kalenderjahres.  Ein  Andenken  an  Hin- 
geschiedene."  His  list  is  based  on  the  traditional  pietv^  manifested 
in  the  celebration  of  the  "Jahrzeit."  He  was  followed  by  Kayser- 
ling,  who,  in  1892,  published  short  sketches  under  the  title  "Ge- 
denkblaetter  hervorragender  juedischer  Persoenlichkeiten  des  19ten 
Jahrhunderts."  The  index,  arranged  according  to  the  dates,  selves 
the  purpose  which  I  attempted  with  my  list.  Since  that  time  a 
Hebrew  pamphlet  of  the  same  character  has  appeared,  but  I  have 
not  seen  it.  Eabbi  Heppner,  in  Koschmin,  published  a  block 
calendar,  with  the  memorable  dates  from  Jewish  history  on  every 
leaf,  and  various  papers,  like  the  Juedisches  Volksblatt,  of  Breslau, 
the  Juedisches  "Volksblatt,  of  Vienna,  the  Generalanzeiger  fuer  die 
gesammten  Interessen  des  Judenthums,  have  published  weekly  such 
lists.  My  own  collection,  however,  has  been  from  various  sources, 
and  I  always  tried,  wherever  it  was  possible,  to  go  back  to  the 
original  source  of  information. 

The  difficulties  of  such  an  attempt  are  numerous.  1.  The  first 
important  question  is:  Who  shall  be  included,  and  who  shall  be 
excluded?  Zunz'  work  was  severely  criticized  by  his  colleague,  F. 
Lebrecht,  who  pointed  out  amongst  other  things  that  Zunz  had 
omitted  the  name  of  the  mint-master,  Veitel  Heine  Ephraim, 
who  had  founded  the  institute  in  which  Zunz  taught.  (See  All- 
gemeine  Zeitung  des  Judenthums,  1872,  p.  477  and  687.  See,  also, 
Geiger,  Juedische  Zeitschrift,  Vol.  X,  p.  184.)  From  an  American 
point  of  view  it  may  be  sufficient  to  know  tbat  Zunz  omitted  the 
names  of  Isaac  Leeser,  Juda  Touro.  and  Mordecai  Manuel  Xoah. 
An  especial  difficulty  is  presented  in  the  question  of  including 
the  names  of  people  who  have  left  Judaism.  That  they  are  not 
altogether  to  be  omitted,  Zunz  has  proven  by  the  fact  that  he 
included  the  names  of  Heinrich  Heine  and  M.  G.  Saphir.  Graetz 
devoted,  in  the  last  volume  of  his  history,  a  whole  chapter  to 


MEMORABLE    DATES — INTRODUCTION.  3 

Heine  and  Ludwig  Boerne,  and  has  also  devoted  a  lengthy  chap- 
ter to  Benedict  Spinoza.  And  no  one  who  understands  Jewish 
history  will  blame  either  Zunz  or  Graetz  for  it.  Heine  had 
learned  to  think  as  a  Jew  and  to  feel  as  a  Jew,  and,  in  spite  of 
his  conversion,  he  was  made  to  suffer  as  a  Jew. 

2.  Another  difficulty  arises  from  the  differences  in  the  reports. 
While  Kayserling  states  that  Leopold  Dukes  was  born  January 
17,  Meyer's  Conversationslexikon  has  January  25.  There  is  no 
positive  way  of  finding  out  the  truth,  because  the  old  Jewish 
congregation  did  not  keep  exact  records  of  the  birth  of  chil- 
dren born  in  their  midst,  and  even  an  investigation  of  the  papers 
reporting  the  celebration  of  Dukes'  eightieth  birthday,  which,  in 
my  case  would  be  exceedingly  difficult,  would  not  prove  anything. 
While  Kayserling  reports  that  Akiba  Eger  was  born  Nov.  2, 
1752,  according  to  the  biography  written  by  his  great  grandson, 
Solomon  Schreiber,  he  was  born  on  Nov.  8,  1761.  There  is 
only  a  degree  of  more  or  less  probability  about  one  or  the  other 
of  these  dates.  For  the  sake  of  curiosity  I  wish  to  add  that  in 
one  and  the  same  number  of  the  Allgemeine  Zeitung  des  Juden- 
thums  the  death  of  David  Kaufmann  is  reported  differently  on 
the  cover  and  in  the  body  of  the  paper. 

3.  A  special  difficulty  is  due  to  the  fact  that  dates  of  Jewish 
history  in  former  times  were  given  according  to  the  Jewisli 
calendar.  This  not  only  increases  the  possibility  of  an  error, 
but  it  makes  it  absolutely  impossible  to  avoid  a  difference  with 
regard  to  one  day,  the  night  being  counted  with  the  next  day 
of  the  month,  while  up  to  midnight  it  belongs  to  the  preceding 
day  of  the  general  calendar.  Isaac  M.  Wise  died  March  26, 
1900=Adar  25,  5600.  Had  he  died  an  hour  later,  it  would  have 
been  Adar  2G,  and  any  one  not  informed  about  the  general  date 
would  calculate  it  to  have  been  March  27.  This  is  a  small  mat- 
ter, although  a  difference  in  a  ledger  of  one  cent  remains  just  as 
grievous  as  if  it  were  a  matter  of  $100,000.  Another  difficulty 
is  the  frequency  of  error  in  changing  the  date  from  the  Jewish 
to  the  general  calendar.     Finally,  error,  and  slip  of  the  pen  of  the 


4  MEMORABLE    DATES — INTRODUCTION. 

author,  add  very  much  to  the  difficulty.  Zunz,  who  has  been 
celebrated  for  his  accuracy  in  details,  has  any  number  of  false 
statements,  arising  from  such  small  matters,  so  he  gives  the 
death  of  David  Halevi,  the  author  of  Ture  Zahab,  as  having 
taken  place  January  31,  1667,  instead  of  January  20,  as  Buber, 
in  his  Anshe  Shem,  has  it,  where  the  tombstone  inscription  is 
published.  He  has  made  mistakes  which  are  due  to  careless- 
ness, just  as  he  reports  the  death  of  Eleazar  Loew,  talmudic 
author,  correctly,  as  having  taken  place  February  2,  1837,  but 
he  gives  the  name  of  Loewi,  instead  of  Loew.  He  further  re- 
ports the  death  of  the  geographer  of  Palestine,  Israel  Schwarz, 
as  having  taken  place  in  Jerusalem,  February  4,  1865.  Accord- 
ing to  the  tombstone  inscription,  published  with  the  second  edi- 
tion of  Schwarz'  work,  the  death  took  place  on  the  9th  of  Sh'bat, 
February  5.  But  the  important  fact  is  that  Israel  Schwarz  was 
not  the  author  of  the  geography  of  Palestine,  but  its  translator, 
and  the  nephew  of  the  author,  whose  name  was  Joseph  Schwarz. 
I  have  a  special  grievance.  Under  March  13,  1819,  Zunz  reports 
the  death  of  Lazar  Fried,  rabbi  of  Konitz,  who  had  written  a  Hebrew 
poetical  work  under  the  title  "Conversation  of  the  Servants  of 
the  Patriarch.'-'  Here  every  statement  is  false.  The  title  of  the 
book  is  not  correctly  translated,  the  book  is  not  a  poetical  work, 
but  a  dry  index  to  Talmudic  literature.  The  name  of  the  place 
where  he  lived  is  not  Konitz,  but  Kanitz,  and  the  name  of  the 
author  is  not  Lazar  Fried,  but  Jacob  Eliezer  Brunswick,  who 
died,  not  in  Konitz,  but  in  Vienna,  and,  according  to  the  tomb- 
stone inscription,  which  I  copied  from  his  grave,  on  the  first 
day  of  Pesach,  1729.  I  happen  to  take  particular  interest  in 
the  man,  because  he  was  my  great-grandfather's  great-grand- 
father. Otherwise  the  error  would  not  have  been  detected.  Of 
course,  it  is  a  very  small  matter  to  a  great  many  people  who 
compiled  an  index  to  talmudic  literature,  but  it  shows  that  in- 
formation on  such  points  is  unreliable,  that  inaccuracies  are 
bound  to  creep  into  every  book,  and  that,  therefore,  whatever 
shortcomings  may  be  found  in  my  attempt  will  be  judged  leni- 
ently. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — INTRODUCTIOX.  5 

This  list  originally  appeared  in  Die  Deborah,  which  I  pub- 
lished as  a  monthly,  1901  and  1902.  I  have  since  that  time 
revised  and  completed  it.  Nevertheless,  I  am  conscious  that  it 
will  bear  further  revision,  and  I  shall  be  grateful  to  every  one 
who  will  call  my  attention  to  errors  or  omissions.  At  the  same 
time  I  have  a  pleasant  duty  to  perform,  in  expressing  my  thanks 
to  Mr.  Ephraim  Frisch,  the  editor  of  the  Hebrew  Union  Col- 
lege Annual,  and  to  his  co-workers,  who  have  assisted  me  in 
translating  the  list  from  German  into  English,  and  in  indexing  it. 


MEMORABLE  DATES. 

I. 

JANUARY. 


1702.     Jair  Chayim  Bacharach,  rabbi  at  Worms,  d. 

1804. — Philanthropin     (Jewish    high-school)     Frankfort    a.     M. 

founded. 
1807. — Asher  Sammter,  author  of  works  on  Jewish  science,  Dern- 

burg,  b. 
1834. — Ludovic  Halevy,  French  novelist,  b. 
1837. — Earthquake  at  Safed  and  Tiberias;  two  thousand  people 

knied. 
1849. — William  Goldziher,  oculist,  professor,  Kopestny,  b. 
1869. — Solomon  Ullmann,  rabbi  and  author,  Mako,  d, 

2. 

1661. — Mendel   Krochmal,   rabbi   and   Talmudic   author,   Nikols- 
l)urg,  d. 

1822. — Bernhard  Felsenthal,  American  reform  rabbi,  b. 

1822. — Persecution  at  Lauda  and  Bischofsheim. 

1857. — Paul  Wolf,  councillor,  physician,  champion  of  the  eman- 
cipation of  the  Jews,  Dresden,  d. 

1902. — Henry  Lumley,  author  and  inventor,  London,  d. 

6 


MEMORABLE  DATES — JANUARY. 


1807. — Samuel  Meyer,   rabbi  at  Hechingen,   author  of  work   on 

Jewish  law,  b. 
1846. — Samuel  Lob  Goldenberg,  editor  of  Kerem  Chemed,  d. 
1852. — Solomon  Eger,  son  of  Akiba  Eger,  chief  rabbi  of  Posen,  d. 
1858. — Rachel  Felix,  the  famous  actress,  Paris,  d. 
1879. — Solomon   Netter,   Hebrew   publisher,   Vienna,   d. 


1780. — Samson  Wolf  Rosenfeld,  one  of  the  first  German  preachers, 

b. 
1786. — Moses  Mendelssohn,  d. 

1811. — Benjamin  Samuel  Phillips,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  b. 
1822. — Eugenia  Pavia  Gentilomo  Fortis,  Italian  poetess,  b. 
1833. — Jos.  H.  Diinner,  chief  rabbi  of  Amsterdam,  Cracow,  b. 
1850. — Jos.  Frey,  converted  Jewish  missionary,  Pontiac,  d. 
1852. — Marco  Samuel  Ghirondi,  rabbi  and  author,  Padua,  d. 
1893. — Meir  Panigel,  chief  rabbi  at  Jerusalem,  d.  ^ 

5. 

1796. — Joseph  Salvador,  author  of  a  work  on  Mosaic  institutions,  b. 
1823. — Emanuel  Wessely,  son  of  Hartwig  Wessely,  Hamburg,  d. 
1846 — Arsene  Darmestetter,  French  philologist,  b. 
1878. — Carl  Weil,  court  councillor  at  Vienna,  a  defender  of  Jewish 

rights,  d. 
1884, — Edward  Lasker,  German  statesman,  Kew  York,  d. 
1886. — Lazarus  Adler,'  rabbi  at  Kassel,  d. 
1888. — Henri  Herz,  French  pianist,  d. 
1895. — Captain  Dreyfus,  publicly  degraded. 
1903. — Julie  Baroness  Cohn-Oppenheim,  philanthropist,  d. 

6. 

1632. — Abraham  Chayim  Shor,  Talmudic  author,  Lemberg,  d. 
1663. — Simon  Luzzatto,  rabbi  and  author,  Venice,  d. 


8  MEMORABLE   DATES JANUAEY. 

1806. — Henri  Herz,  pianist,  Vienna,  b. 

1870. — Daniel   Bender,  author,  Berlin,  d. 

1871. — Jacob  Emil  Pereire,  financier,  Paris,  d. 

1879. — Benjamin  Artom,  chacham  of  the  Portuguese  congregation, 
London,  d. 

1890. — Philipp  Joachimsen,  prominent  in  New  York  congregational 
aifairs,  d. 

1902. — Jean  de  Block,  advocate  of  universal  peace,  convert,  War- 
saw, d. 

1903. — Michael  Levi  Eodkinson,  translator  of  Talmud  into  Eng- 
lish, New  York,  d. 

7. 

470. — Huna  Mari,  the  exilarch,  and  rabbi  Meshereshia,  executed. 
1684. — Baruch  Nehemiah  de  Castro,  a  famous  physician  at  Ham- 
burg, d. 
1834. — Philipp  Eeis,  inventor  of  a  telephone,  Gelnhausen,  b. 
1896.— Sir  Julian  Goldsmid,  M.  P.,  d. 
1902. — Adolph  Moses,  rabbi  and  author,  Louisville,  d. 

8. 

1830. — Hans  Biilow,  a  famous  piauist  and  anti-semite,  b. 
1846. — Abraham  Vita  Eeggio,  rabbi  and  author,  Gorz,  d. 
1862. — Samuel  Cahen,  translator  of  Bible  into  French,  Paris,  d. 
1887.-7-Abraham  Samuel  Diskin,  rabbinical  author,  AVilkowisk,  d. 
1890. — Seligmann  Heller,  poet  and  translator,  Vienna,  d. 


1812. — Liebmann  Adler,  rabbi  and  author,  Stadt  Lengsfeld,  b. 
1903. — Lord  Pirbright  (Baron  Henry  de  Worms),  English  states- 
man, convert,  London,  d. 

10. 

3481. — Diego  de  Susan,  Seville,  executed  by  Inquisition. 


MEMORABLE   DATES — JANUARY.  9 

1728. — David  Nieto,  chacham  in  London  and  philosophical  writer, 
d. 

1729. — David  Hakohen  d'Azevedo,  chief  rabbi  of  Amsterdam,  d. 

1783. — Ludwig  L.  Jacobson,  medical  author,  Copenhagen,  b. 

1784. — Poll  tax  abolished  in  Alsace. 

1801. — Isaac  Ben  Jacob,  bibliographer,  Wilna,  b. 

1884. — Theodore  Eatisbonne,  convert  and  the  founder  of  a  mon- 
astic order,  d. 

1890. — Ignadtz  von  Dollinger,  Catholic  theologian  and  advocate  of 
Judaism,  d. 

11. 

1690._Hillel  ben  Naphtali  Herz,  Talmudic  author,  Zolkiev,  d. 

1712. — Moses  Eothenburg,  rabbi,  Altona,  d. 

1771. — The  ]^Iarquis  d'  Argens,  alleged  protector  of  Mendelssohn 

and  author  of  "Lettres  Juives,"  d. 
1805. — Lelio    della   Torre,   professor   at   Eabbinical    Seminary    in 

Padua,  Asti,  b. 
1808. — Abraham  Mapu,  neo-Hebraic  novelist,  Kovno,  b. 
1846. — Johann  Jacob  Sachs,  distinguished  physician,  Nordhausen, 

d. 
1893. — S.  E.  Edelmann,  Hebrew  essayist,  d. 
1893. — Daniel  Spitzer,  humorist,  Vienna,  d. 
1895.— Jacob  Gottstein,  writer  on  medical  subjects,  Breslau,  d. 

12. 

1812, — Poll  tax  abolished  in  Cur-Hessen. 

1818. — Ludwig  Traube,  medical  professor,  Eatibor,  b. 

1833. — Eugene  Diihring,  anti-semitic  author,  Berlin,  b. 

1842. — ^W.  T.  Krug,  professor  at  Leipzig  and  advocate  of  Judaism, 

d. 
1850. — William  Bacher,  professor  at  Budapest,  b. 
1878. — Joseph  Baron  of  Giinzl)urg.  Eussian  financier,  Paris,  d. 
1885. — Jos.  Eosen,  rabbi  at  Slonim  and  Talmudic  author,  d. 


10  MEMORABLE   DATES — JANUARY. 

13. 

1778. — Isaac  Lyon  Godsmid,  champion  of  the  rights  of  the  Jews, 
London,  b. 

1809. — Liberal  laws  on  condition  of  Jews  promulgated  in  grand- 
duchy  of  Baden. 

1817. — ^Lazarus  Landshuth,  Jewish  historian,  Lissa,  b. 

1871. — Adolph  Ludwig  Cohen,  historian,  convert,  Gottingen,  d. 

1881. — Samuel  Freund,  orthodox  rabbi  and  author,  Prague,  d. 

1888. — Isaac  Goldmann,  publisher,  formerly  teacher  in  a  rabbinical 
seminary  at  Warsaw,  d. 

1891. — Anton  Ree,  member  of  the  Eeichstag,  Hamburg,  d. 

1904. — Leo  N.  Levi,  communal  worker,  New  York,  d. 

14. 

1664. — J.  J.  Schudt,  Christian  author  on  Judaism,  b. 

1711. — Fire  in  the  Frankfort  Jewish  quarter. 

1797. — Gideon  Brecher,  translator  of  Cusari,  b. 

1798. — Isaac  da  Costa,  Dutch  poet,  Amsterdam,  b. 

1802. — ^Leon  Halevy,  French  author,  b. 

1821. — Solomon  Herman  Mosenthal,  German  dramatical  poet,  b. 

1874. — Philipp  Eeis,  inventor  of  a  telephone  apparatus,  d. 

1884. — I.  Chronik,  an  American  reform-rabbi,  Berlin,  d, 

1901. — David  Castelli,  Orientalist,  Florence,  d. 

1901. — Herman  Holdheim,  editor,  son  of  Sam.  Holdheim,  Berlin,  d. 

1904. — George  Lewis  Lyon,  Jewish  journalist,  London,  d. 

15. 

1608. — Feiwel  Duschenes,  Talmudic  author,  Prague,  d. 
1719. — Naphtali  Hakohen,  formerly  rabbi  at  Frankfort,  Constan- 
tinople, d. 
1803. — N.  M.  Adler,  chief  rabbi  at  London,  Hanover,  b. 
1896. — Selig  Goldschmidt,  philanthropist,  Frankfort  a.  M. 


MEMORABLE   DATES — JANUARY.  11 


16. 


1711. — Jos.  Jacob  Eaabe,  Translator  of  Mishna,  b. 

1756. — Jacob  Joshua,  rabbi  at  Frankfort,  and  author  of  "Pene 
Yehoshua,"  d. 

17G9. — Isaac  Zerachjah  Azulai,  Jerusalem,  father  of  the  famous 
bibliographer,  d. 

1793. — Chr.  Geo.  Nath.  David,  convert,  Danish  statesman,  b. 

1796. — He}Tnan  Arnheim,  Bible  translator,  Wongrowitz,  b. 

1802. — Fr.  Jul.  Stahl,  convert,  leader  of  the  conservatives,  b. 

1856. — Isaac  Ashkenazi,  painter,  Drissa,  Eussia,  b. 

1882. — Ludwig  Wihl,  German  poet,  Brussels,  d. 

1886. — Privy  councillor  Benj.  von  Kaulla,  financier,  Stuttgart,  d. 

1889. — Hirsch  Eabbinowitz,  writer  on  mathematics,  St.  Peters- 
burg, d. 

1891. — Isaac  Aaron  Oettinger,  Lemberg,  d, 

17. 

1658. — Samson,  Wertheimer,  financier  and  philanthropist.  Worms, 

b. 
1670. — Eaphael  Levy,  burnt  in  Metz,  on  false  accusation. 
.  1747. — Marcus  Herz,  physician  and  philosopher,  b. 
1789. — Aug.  Wilh.  Neander  (David  Mendel),  church  historian,  b. 
1808. — Moritz  Eappaport,  poet,  b. 

1808. — Solomon  Steinhard,  teacher  and  author,  Waldorf,  b. 
1841. — Sigmund  Hinrichsen,  statesman,  Hamburg,  b. 
1853. — Sam  lesi,  engraver,  Florence,  d. 
1869. — David  Hazan,  chief  rabbi  at  Jerusalem,  d. 
1881. — Theo.  Hirsch,  convert,  historian  and  professor  at  Greifs- 

wald,  d. 
1882, — Simon  Szanto,  editor  of  Neuzeit,  d. 

18. 

1798. — Daniel  L.  Lessman,  German  poet,  convert,  b. 
1821. — Theodore  Goldstuecker,  Sanscritist,  Konigsberg,  b. 


12  MEMORABLE  DATES — JANUARY, 

1836. — Hananel  Neppi,  rabbi  and  Hebrew  writer,  Cento,  d. 
1854. — Judah  Touro,  famous  American  philanthropist,  d. 
1890. — Solomon  Sulzer,  composer  of  synagogue  music,  Vienna,  d. 
1891. — Joseph   ATienheim,   musician,    Stuttgart,   d. 
1903 — Adolf  de  Blowitz  (Opper),  journalist,  convert,  Paris,  d. 
1903. — Sir  Joseph  Sebag  Montefiore,  communal  worker,  Ramsgate, 
d. 


19. 

1700. — Jacob  Kann,  philanthropist,  Frankfort  a.  M.,  d. 
1803. — Marcus  Herz,  physician  and  philosopher,  Berlin,  d. 
1808. — Israel  von  Honigsberg,  Vienna  manufacturer,  d. 
1817. — ^Isaac  Wolffson,  member  of  Reichstag,  Hamburg,  b. 
1848. — Isaac  d'Israeli,  convert,  author,  and  father  of  Lord  Beacon- 
field,  d. 
1858.— L.  A.  Weiss,  poet,  b. 
1888. — Adolf  Ehrentheil,  Hcn-ic,  Bohemia,  rabbi  and  autlior,  d. 

20. 

1205. — Joseph  ilm  Shoshan,  founder  of  synagogue,  Toledo,  d. 

1702. — Jost  Liebmann,  covirt  Jew,  Berlin,  d. 

1707. — ^Leopold,  Count  Kollonitsch,  Primas  of  Hungary,  caused 

exile  of  Jews  from  Vienna,  Vienna,  d. 
1800. — Moritz  Oppenheim,  painter,  b. 
1803. — Edward  Munk,  philologist,  Glogau,  b. 
1853. — Jonathan  Pereira,  medical  author,  London,  d. 
1860. — Wilh.  Wertheim,  physicist,  A^ienna,  d. 
1868. — L.  Schott,  preacher,  Briihl,  d. 

21. 

1492. — Publication  of  edict  expelling  Jews  from  Sicily. 
1527. — Jacob  von  Hochstraten,  persecutor  of  rabbinical  literature, 
d. 


MEMORABLE  DATES — JANUARY.  13 

1868. — Ludwig  Jacobowski,  German  poet,  Strelno,  b. 

1880. — Theodor  Harbruecker,  writer  on  Arabic-Jewish  philosophy, 

d. 
1890. — Nathan  M.  Adler,  chief  rabbi  of  London,  d. 

23. 

1823. — Hermann  Jelinek,  victim  of  despotism,  b. 

1844. — Carl  Fischer,  censor  of  rabbinical  literature,  Prague,  d. 

1864. — Baruch  Auerbach,  founder  of  orphan  asylum,  Berlin,  d. 

1875. — Ferdinand  Hitzig,  famous  exegete,  d. 

1880. — Abraham  Ashkenazi,  chief  rabbi  of  Jerusalem,  d. 

1883. — Gustav  Dore,  illustrator  of  Bible,  d. 

1893. — David  Cassel,  historian,  Berlin,  d. 

1898. — Marco  Treves,  architect,  Florence,  d. 

23. 

1167. — Abraham  ibn  Ezra,  exegete,  d. 

1334. — Isaac  ben  Pethachja,  martyr,  Mecklenburg,  executed. 

1639. — Frederick  Meldola  da  Silva,  executed  with  ten  other  Ma- 

ranos  at  Lima. 
1829. — Sol.  von  Haber,  banker,  Karlsruhe,  d. 
1860. — S.  Guensberg,  preacher  in  Berlin,  Breslau,  d. 
1893. — Edward   Solomons,  composer,  London,   d. 
1904. — Flaminio  Servi,  rabbi,  author,  Casale,  d. 

24. 

1430.— N"ine  Jews  killed  at  Aix. 
1733. — Jacob  Reischer,  rabbi  at  Metz,  d. 
1789. — Jacob  Marx,  medical  writer,  Hanover,  d. 
1814. — John  W.  Colenso,  Anglican  bishop  and  Bible  critic,  b. 
1828. — Ferdinand  Cohn,  famous  botanist,  Breslau,  b. 
1873. — Kaid  Nissim  Samama,  philanthropist,  Leghorn,  d. 
1900. — Isaac  Artom,  first  Jewish  Senator  in  Kingdom  of  Italy, 
Eome,  d. 


14  MEMORABLE  DATES — JANUARY. 

25. 

1138. — Pope  Anaklet  II.,  great-grandson  of  a  Jew,  d. 

1853. — Louis  Levy,  poet,  Berlin,  d. 

1854, — Filosseno  Luzzatto,  talented  son  of  S.  D.  Lnzzatto,  Padua. 

d. 
1875. — Israel  Schwarz,  rabbi  and  author,  Cologne,  d. 
1899. — Adolph  D'Ennery,  prolific  dramatist,  Paris,  d. 
1901. — Wilhelm   von   Kothschild,    financier,    orthodox,    Talmudic 

scholar,  Frankfort  on  M.,  d. 
1904. — Philip  Brunner,  pedagogic  writer,  Vienna,  d. 

26. 

1761 — Judah  Nabon,  rabbi,  Jerusalem,  d. 

1840. — ^Lewis  Way,  pleader  for  the  Eussian  Jews,  d. 

1851. — Leon  Saraval,  bibliophile,  Trieste,  d. 

1902. — Andrew  B.  Davidson,  Christian  Hebraist,  Edinburgh,  d. 

27. 

1806. — ^Wilhelm    Freund,    philologist    and    champion    of    Jewish 

emancipation,  Kempen,  b. 
1821. — Abraham  Schmiedel,  rabbi  and  theological  author,  b. 
1827. — Joseph  Israels,  Dutch  painter,  b. 

1835. — Leopold  von  Sacher-Masoch,  ghetto  poet,  Lemberg,  b. 
1842. — Eeform  synagogue  opened  in  London. 
1846. — Jonas  Frankel,  philanthropist,  Breslau,  d. 
1847.— Max  Klein,  sculptor,  Goncz,  Hungary,  b. 
1863. — Edward  Eobinson,  geographer  of  Palestine,  !N'ew  York,  d. 
1874. — M.  A.  Alexander,  Australian  politician,  Sydney,  d. 
1880. — Jacques  Herz,  pianist,  Paris,  d. 

28. 

1197. — Slaughter  of  Jews  in  Neuss. 

1549. — Elijah  Levita,  grammarian,  Padua,  d. 


MEMORABLE  DATES — JANUARY.  15 

1573. — Lippold  executed  in  Berlin  on  false  suspicion. 

1591. — Joseph  ben  Mordecai  Hakohen,  Talmudical  writer,  Cracow, 

d. 
1883. — Anselni  Solomon  von  Eothschild,  head  of  the  Vienna  House, 

b. 
1809. — Theodor  Benfey,  orientalist  and  convert.,  b. 
1842. — Emanuel  Deutz,  grand  rabbi,  Paris,  d. 
1884.— Gutmann  Klemperer,  biographer  of  Jonathan  Eybeschiitz 

Tabor,  d. 
1903. — David  Eaynal,  French  statesman,  Paris,  d. 
1904. — Karl  Emil  Franzos,  novelist,  Berlin,  d. 


29. 

1737. — Alexander  Shor,  Talmudic  author,  Zolkiew,  d. 

1817. — Abraham   Furtado,  president  of  the   assembly   of   Jewish 

notables,  Paris,  d. 
1852. — F.  H.  Cowen,  composer,  Jamaica,  b. 
1882. — Alfred  von  Henikstein,  convert,  Austrian  general,  d. 
1892. — Liebmann  Adler,  rabbi,  Chicago,  d. 
1894. — Joshua  Rokeach,  wonder  rabbi  of  Bielcza,  d. 
1897. — Edward  Jacobson,  humorist,  Berlin,  d, 

30. 

1792. — "Gesellschaft  der  Freunde"  founded,  Berlin. 

1827. — Wilhelm  Herzberg,  Jewish  author,  b. 

1841. — Moses  Biidinger,  author  of  religious  text-book,  Kassel,  d. 

1863.— Phineas  Mendel  Heilprin,  anti-reform  writer,  Washing- 
ton, d. 

1873. — Jacques  Isaac  Altaras,  philanthropist  and  a  large  ship- 
owner, Aix,  d. 

1874. — Theodor  Cerfberr,  French  colonel,  president  of  consistory, 
d. 

1879. — Abraham  Treuenfels,  rabbi  and  author,  Stettin,  d. 


16  MEMORABLE  DATES — JANUARY. 

1879. — Michael  Levy,  Hebraist  and  owner  of  industries,  Inowraz- 

law,  d. 
1901. — Ephraim    Eothschild,    manufacturer    and    philanthropist, 

Stadtoldendorf,  d. 

31. 

1830. — Chr.  Fr.  Eiihs,  professor  and  anti-semitic  writer,  d. 

1864. — Fischel  x\rnheim,  member  of  Bavarian  diet,  Baireuth,  d. 

1864. — Michael  Sachs,  preacher  and  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

1884. — Siegfried  Goldschmidt,  professor,  Strassburg,  d. 

1887. — Asher  Sammter.  author  of  works  on  Jewish  science,  Berlin, 

d. 
1894. — Moritz  Abraham  Stern,  mathematician,  professor,  Gottin- 

gen,  d. 
1903. — Martin  Berendt.  author,  Berlin,  d. 


MEMOLIABLE    DATES — FEBRUARY. 


17 


II. 

FEBRUARY. 

1. 

1539. — Expulsion  of  Jews  from  Tyrnau,  Hungary. 
1784.— Elijah  Israel,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Alexandria,  d. 
1862.— Moses  Gutmann,  translator  of  the  Apocrypha,  Eedwitz,  d. 
1883.— "London  Mansion  House"  meeting  protests  against  the  per^ 

secution  of  Jews  in  Russia. 
1885. — Peter  Smolensky,  Hebrew  novelist,  jMeran,  d. 
1903. — Solomon  Jadassohn,  musical  writer,  d. 


168-4. — Chayim  Bochner,  Hebrew  author,  Fiirth,  d. 

1816.— Jacob  Herz,  medical  professor  at  Erlangen,  Baireuth,  b. 

1837. — Solomon  Buber,  editor  of  Midrashim,  Lemberg,  b. 

1836.— Jacob  Caro,  historian,  professor  at  Breslau,  b. 

1837. — Eleazar  Low,  Talmudic  author,  Szanto,  d. 

1837. — Moses  Kunitzer,  champion  of  the  reform  movement,  Buda- 
pest, d. 

1852. — Abbe  Franz  Liebermann,  convert,  d. 

1885. — Jacob  Steinhart,  rabbi,  Arad,  d. 

1894. — I\Iarco  Mortara,  rabbi,  Mantua,  d. 

1901.— Genrich  A.  Schapiro,  professor  of  medicine,  St.  Petersburg, 
d. 

3. 

1763. — Solomon  Herschell,  chief  rabbi  of  London,  London,  b. 
1807. — Synhedrin  opened  in  Paris. 


18  MEMOEABLE    DATES — FEBKUAKY. 

1810. — Ludwig  August  Franki,  German  poet,  b. 

1826. — Simon  Spitzer,  mathematician,  Vienna,  b. 

1841. — M.  H.  Landauer,  author  on  Kabbalah,  Kappel,  d. 

1843. — Abraham  Stem,  inventor  of  a  calculating  machine,  War- 
saw, d. 

1866. — Joseph  Bach,  first  modern  preacher  in  Hungary,  Budapest; 
d. 

1871. — Joseph  Eotvos,  champion  of  emancipation  in  Hungary,  d. 

1893. — Baron  Joseph  Treves  de  Bonfili,  philanthropist,  Padua,  d. 


1738. — Siiss  Oppenheimer,  a  financier  at  Wurtemberg,  executed. 

1815. — Sol.  Fiorentino,  Italian  poet,  Florence,  d. 

1842. — George  Brandes,  Danish  and  German  essayist,  b. 

1860. — Moses  Maimon,  painter,  Wolkowyshski,  b. 

1865. — Joseph  Schwarz,  geographer  of  Palestine,  Jerusalem,  d. 

1886. — Nathan  von  Kallir,  Austrian  politician,  d. 

1896. — Heinrich  Popper,  Austrian  politician,  d. 

1901. — Jacob  Plant,  philanthropist,  ISTizza,  d. 

1902. — Hermann  Wolf,  musical  writer,  convert,  d. 


1678. — Joseph  Shammash,  author  of  the  Worms'  folk-lore  stories, 

d. 
1718. — Hadrian  Eeland,  the  founder  of  geography  of  Palestine,  d. 
1801. — Sol.  Herxheimer,  commentator  of  the  Bible,  b. 
1823. — John  Ant.  Llorente,  the  historian  of  the  Inquisition,  d. 
1838. — Joshua  van  Oven,  physician  and  preacher  in  Liverpool,  d. 
1864. — Moriz  Veit,  advocate  of  Judaism  and  writer,  Berlin,  d. 
1883. — Jon.  Eaph.  Bischoffsheim,  banker  and  politician,  Brussels, 

d. 
1885. — Edward  Salomon,  physician  and  songwriter,  Bromberg,  d. 
1889. — Emanuel  F.  Veneziani,  private  secretary  of  Baron  Hirsch, 

Paris,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES FEBRUARY.  19 

1891. — ISTehemiah  Briill,  Jewish  scholar,  Frankfort  a.  M.,  d. 
1900. — Baron  Ignazio  Weiss  Weill,  financier,  Turin,  d. 

6. 

1867. — Sol.  Munk,  the  Arabic  scholar,  Paris,  d. 

1874. — Meyer  Amschel  de  Kothschild,  member  of  English  Par- 
liament, d. 

1894. — Theodor  Billroth,  a  famous  surgeon,  known  through  his 
position  in  the  anti-semitic  movement,  d. 

1900. — Elijah  Benamozegh,  apologist  of  Kabbalah,  Leghorn,  d. 


1413. — The  religious  disputation  begun  at  Tortosa.  . 

1767. — Saul  iVscher,  member  of  the  Berlin  Culture  Society,  b. 
1878. — Pius  IX.,  famous  for  the  syllabus  and  the  Mortara  Case,  d. 
1895, — Eugene  Benj.  Fisehel,  painter,  Paris,  d. 

8. 

1663. — Shabbetai  Cohen,  "Schach,"  Holleschau,  d. 

1795. — M.  Gr.  Saphir,  the  Vienna  humorist,  b. 

1831. — Law  passed  ordering  support  in  France  of  the  Jewish  cult. 

1867. — Joachim  Basewi,  jurist,  Milan,  d. 

1874. — Eachel  Mayer,  authoress  of  Jewish  novels,  d. 

1882. — Berthold  Auerbach,  German  poet,  d. 

1886. — Ivan  Aksakov,  the  intellectual  originator  of  Jewish  pei-- 

secution  in  Eussia,  d. 
1889. — Anna  Maria  Goldsmid,  authoress,  London,  d. 
1896. — Rudolf  Benedict,  chemist,  Vienna,  d, 

9. 

1815. — Isaac  Hirsch  Weiss,  historian  of  Talmud,  Gross-Meseritsch, 

b. 
1873. — Julius  Fiirst,  bibliographer,  Leipzig,  d. 


20  MEMORABLE    DATES — FEBRUARY. 

1880. — Israel    Salant    (called    also    Lipkin),   eminent    Talmudist^ 
Koenigsberg,  d. 

10. 

1660. — Sai;l  Morteira,  rabbi  in  Amsterdam,  d. 
1797. — Giirapel  Lowisohn,  professor  in  Upsala,  Hamburg,  d. 
1835, — tyloses  Hochheimer,  Hebrew  grammarian,  Ansbach,  d. 
1868. — Chayim  Palaggi,  rabbi  and  prolific  Talmudic  author,  Smyr- 
na, d. 
1888. — Ferdinand  Eberstadt,  Burgomaster,  Worms,  d. 

11. 

1591. — Moses  Luria,  rabbi,  Worms,  d. 
1689. — Moses  Galante,  Talmudic  author,  Jerusalem,  d. 
1772, — Lewis  Way,  champion  of  the  Eussian  Jews,  h. 
1795. — Society  "Felix  Libertate"  for  emancipation  foundecl,  Am- 
sterdam. 
1802. — Joel  Lowe,  one  of  the  "Biurists,"  Breslau,  d. 
1812. — Jos.  David  Sinzheim,  president  of  Synhedrin,  Paris,  d. 
1818. — David  Cassel,  Jewish  historian,  Glogau,  b. 
1823. — Philip  Yung,  author  of  Jewish  biographies,  Leipzig,  d. 
1842. — Ludwig  Barnay,  famous  actor.  Pest,  b. 
1857. — Meyer  Hirsch,  famous  mathematician,  Berlin,  d. 
1858. — Sol.  Blogg,  Jewish  writer,  Hanover,  d. 

12. 

1795. — Johann  Jacob  Eabe,  translotor  of  Mishna,  d. 

1815. — Hermann  Godsche,  anti-semitic  novelist.  Trachenbcrg,  b. 

1837. — Ludwig  Borne,  German  author,  Paris,  d. 

1883. — Meyer  Magnus,  tovm  councillor,  Berlin,  d. 

1894. — Hanns  von  Billow,  pianist  and  anti-semite,  d. 

13. 

1810. — Xaphtali  Frankfurter,  preacher  in  Hamburg,  b. 
1840. — The  Anti-Jewish  Usury  Law  at  Saxony,  repealed. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — FEBRUARY,  21 

1875. — Zacharias  Frankel,  President  of  Rabbinical  Seminary,  Bres- 

lau,  d. 
1883. — Eichard  Wagner,  composer,  author  of  "Judenthnm  in  dei 

Musik,"  d. 
1884. — Aaron  Bernstein,  originator  of  the  ghetto  novel,  d. 
1898. — Paul  Kayser,  convert,  director  of  German  colonial  admin- 

istration,  d. 

14. 

1349. — Massacre  of  Jews  in  Strassburg. 

1G70. — Expulsion  of  Jews  from  Vienna. 

1(592. — Michel  Speier,  religious  author  in  Frankfurt-on-M.,  d. 

1732.— J.  J.  Schudt,  author  of  "Jiidische  Merlcwiirdigkeiten,"  d. 

1849. — Meir  Josephs,  author  of  a  Hebrew-English  lexicon,  London, 

d. 
1864. — Israel  Zang^vill,  English  novelist,  London,  b. 
1877. — Colombo  Coen,  publisher,  Venice,  d. 

15. 

1515. — Victor  von  Karben,  convert  and  reviler  of  Judaism,  d, 
1642. — Sarah  Copia  Sullam,  poetess,  Venice,  d. 
1780. — Karl  Asser,  Dutch  jurist,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1870. — Berisch  Meisels,  rabbi  of  Warsaw,  d. 
1875. — Eljakim  Carmoly,  Jewish  author,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1884. — Joseph  Bergl,  physician,  author  of  a  history  of  the  Jews  in 
Hungary,  d. 

16. 

1616. — Elijah  Montalto,  body  physician  of  Queen  Maria  de  Me- 
dici, d. 

1855. — Raphael  Fiirstenthal,  Jewish  author,  Breslau,  d. 

1870. — Political  equality  given  to  Jews  in  Sweden. 

1883. — Commission  appointed  to  revise  the  laws  in  Russia  with 
regard  to  Jews. 

1885. — Elim  Henry  d'Avigdor,  Zionist,  London,  d. 


22  MEMORABLE    DATES — FEBRUARY. 

17. 

1672. — Congregation  of  Dessau  founded. 

1693. — Gerson  Ashkenasi,  rabbi  in  Metz,  d. 

1785. — Nachman  Krochmal,  "the  Galician  Zunz/'  Brody,  d. 

1811. — Jehuda  Lob  Bensew,  Hebrew  pedagogic  author,  Vienna,  d. 

1819. — Philipp  Jaffe,  first  Jewish  professor  of  History  in  Germany, 
b. 

1852. — Micah  Joseph  Lebensohn,  Hebrew  poet,  Wilna,  d. 

1856. — Heinrich  Heine,  Paris,  d. 

I860. — Isaac  Bar  Lowinsohn,  "the  Eussian  Mendelssohn,"   Kre- 
mentz,  d. 

1877. — Sol.  Hermann  Mosenthal,  dramatist  and  novelist,  Vienna, 
d. 

1903. — Ignaz  von  Wechselmann,  architect,  philanthropist,  Buda- 
pest, d. 

18. 

1546. — Martin  Luther,  reformer,  successively  friend  and  enemy  of 

the  Jews,  d. 
1816. — Maurice  Block,  French  political  economist,  b. 
1827. — Emil  Brugsch  Pasha,  Egyptologist,  b. 
1839. — Zadok  Kahn,  chief  rabbi  of  Prance,  b. 
1842. — Carl  Eehfuss,  preacher  in  Heidelberg,  d. 
1850. — Ernst  Bernheim,  convert,  historian,  Hamburg,  b. 
1856. — Hatti  Humayun,  Turkish  law  granting  the  Jew  equality 

with  the  Mohammedan  promulgated. 
1903. — Moses  Mielziner,  rabbinical  author,  Cincinnati,  d. 

19. 

1701. — Dan'l  Le^d  de  Barrios,  Jewish  historian,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1758. — Peter  Beer,  pedagogical  writer,  Newbydshow,  b. 

1811. — David  Friedrichsfeld,  author,   advocate  of  Jewish  rights, 

Amsterdam,  d. 
1835. — Moritz  Giidemann,  chief  rabbi  at  Vienna,  Hildesheim,  b. 
1873. — Joseph  Lehmann,  editor  and  communal  worker,  Berlin,  d. 
1893. — Gerson  von  Bleichroder,  German  financier,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — FEBRUARY.  33 


20. 


1667. — David  Halevi,  author  of  "Ture  Zahab/'  d. 

1740. — Jacob  Hakohen  Poppers,  rabbi  at  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1780. — Emperor  Joseph  II.,  "Lover  of  men,"  and  benefactor  of 

the  Jews,  d. 
1833. — S.  Rosenstein,  medical  professor  at  Leyden,  Berlin,  b. 
1845. — Shalom  Cohen,  Hebrew  writer,  Hamburg,  d. 
1888. — Elieser  Zebi  Zweifel,  Hebrew  writer,  d. 

,    21. 

1677, — Baruch  Spinoza,  philos  pher  at  The  Hague,  d. 

1683.— Jos.  Chr.  Wolf,  Hebrew  bibliographer,  Wernigerode,  b. 

1694.— Lazarus  Abeles,  twelve  years  old,  died  in  Prague,  made  a 
martyr  of  Christianity  by  the  Jesuits. 

1838.— Sylvester  de  Sacy,  famous  Orientalist  in  Paris,  d. 

1861.— Hayim  Nissim  Abulafia,  chief  rabbi  at  Jerusalem,  d. 

1801. — H.  L.  Fleischer,  famous  Orientalist  in  Leipzig,  b. 

18':V2.— Prohibition  of  "Schechita,"  published  in  Kingdom  of  Sax- 
ony. 

32. 

1455.— Johann  Reuchlin,  defender  of  Talmud,  b. 

1793. — Isaac  Marcus  Jost,  Jewish  historian,  Bernburg,  b. 

1828.— Micah  Joseph  Lebensohn,  Hebrew  poet,  Wilna    (see  Feb. 

17),  b. 
1854.— Abraham  Neuda,  rabbi  and  author  in  Loschitz,  Moravia,  d. 
1872. — M.  A.  Levy,  Jewish  archeologist,  Breslau,  d. 
1889. — Gabriel  Salvador,  French  captain  of  artillery,  d. 

23. 

1812. — Fischel  Arnheim,  Bavarian  statesman,  Baireuth,  b. 
1813. — Franz  Dolitzsch,  noble  advocate  of  Judaism,  Leipzig,  b. 
1820. — David  Kalisch,  German  humorist,  Breslau,  b. 
1824. — Sir  George  Jessel,  prominent  jurist,  London,  b. 


24  MEMORABLE    DATES — FEBRUARY. 

1881. — Menahem   Katz,   leader   of   Hungary   orthodoxy,   rabbi   in 

Deutsch-Kreutz,  d. 
1889. — Isidor  Soyka,  bacteriologist,  professor  at  Prague,  d. 
1902. — Max  Biidinger,  historian,  convert,  Vienna,  d. 
1904. — Friederike  Kempner,  German  authoress,  near  Breslau,  d. 

24. 

1688. — Moses  Gideon  Abudiente,  Hebrew  writer,  Hamburg,  d. 
1882. — Moritz  Oppenheim,  painter,  Frankfurt-on-M.,  d. 
1884. — Benj.  Ullmann,  painter,  Paris,  d. 
1902. — Pinkus  Neustadt,  orthodox  rabbi  and  author,  Breslau,  d. 

25. 

1743. — Immanuel   Chai   Eichi,   Hebrew   writer  murdered   not   far 

from  Modena. 
1784. — Gerson  Levy,  French  Eeform  writer,  Metz,  b. 
1842. — Perez  Smolensky,  Hebrew  poet,  Monastyrshina,  b. 
1862. — Emanuel  Hecht,  teacher  and  author  at  Hopstatten,  d. 
1870. — Henrik  Hertz,  Danish  writer,  Copenhagen,  d. 
1897. — Michael  Bernays,  convert,  historian  of  literature,   son  of 

C  bach  am,  d. 
1898. — Emil  Lehman,  a  warm  advocate  of  Judaism,  Dresden,  d. 

26. 

1832. — Wolf  Heidenheim,  grammarian,  editor,  Eodelhcim,  d. 
1860. — Michael  Hess,  Jewish  author,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1888. — Michael  Klapp,  dramatist,  Vienna,  d. 

27. 

1717. — Johann  David  Michaelis,  learned  Orientalist,  b. 

1821. — PauluR  (Selig)  Cassel,  convert,  archeologist,  Glogan,  b. 

1823. — S.  H.  Burgheim,  the  first  Jew  who  received  a  degree  in 

Leipzig,  d. 
1823. — Ernest  Ecnan,  historian  of  Israel,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — FEBRUARY.  25 

1831. — Adolph   Beer,   Austrian   historian   and   politician,   convert, 

Prossintz,  b. 
I860. — Meir  Jacob  Ginzberg,  Hebrew  writer,  Wilna,  d. 
1874. — Justus  Olshausen,  grammarian  and  exegete,  d. 
1883. — Julius  Stern,  musician,  d. 

1892. — Jacob  Levy,  author  of  a  Talmudic  dictionary,  Breslau,  d. 
1893. — Moritz  Deutsch,  cantor  and  composer  of  synagogue  music, 

Breslau,  d. 
1895. — Sigmund  Haber,  humorist,  author,  Berlin,  d. 
1898.— H.  S.  Goldsehmidt,  President  of  the  "Alliance  Israelite,"  d. 

28. 

1659. — Jean  Morin,  French  Bible  critic,  d. 

1799. — Ignaz  von  Dollinger,  advocate  of  Judaism,  b. 

1812. — Berthold  Auerbach,  German  novelist,  b. 

1820. — Eachel  Felix,  French  actress,  b. 

1829. — Wolf  Breidenbach,  advocate  of  Jewish  emancipation,  Of- 
fenbach, d. 

1832.— Sabatja  Wolf,  author,  Berlin,  d. 

1832. — Moritz  Wahrmann,  distinguished  Hungarian  politician,  b. 

1838. — Maurice  Levy,  mathematician,  b. 

1841. — Abraham  Bing,  rabbi,  Wiirzburg,  d. 

1855. — Nicholas  I.,  Czar  of  Eussia,  persecutor  of  the  Jews,  d. 

1870. — "Deutsch-Israelitischer    Gemeindebund''  founded. 

1898. — Baron  Joseph  Morpurgo,  philanthropist  and  member  of  the 
Austrian  Parliament,  Triest,  d. 

1902. — Moses  Salzer,  Weimar  Landesrabbiner,  Stadt-Lengsfeld,  d. 


26  MEMORABLE    DATES — MARCH. 


III. 

MARCH. 


1349. — Massacre  at  Worms.    480  Jews  killed. 

1781. — Chr.  Hr.  Rlilis,  anti-semitic  libelist,  b. 

1803. — Sol.  Frensdorff,  editor  of  the  Massorah,  b. 

180G. — Chayim  Joseph  David  Azulai,  prolific  Talmndic  author,  Leg- 
horn, d. 

1811. — Wolfi:  Landau,  chief  rabbi,  Dresden,  b. 

1837. — George  Ebers,  Egyptologist  and  novelist,  of  Jewish  origin,  b. 

1897. — Seligmann  Baer,  author  on  Massora,  Mosbach,  d. 

1899. — ^Lord  Farrar  Herschell,  English  statesman,  son  of  a  bap- 
tized Jewish  missionary,  d. 


1336. — Joseph  Sason,  physician  and  astronomer,  Toledo,  d. 

1753. — Berusch  Eskeles,  rabbi  and  banker,  Vienna,  d. 

1847. — C.  H.  Hamberger,  historian  of  Jewish  literature,  Leipzig, 

d. 
1847. — Immanuel  Wolilwiil  (Wolf),  director  of  the  Jacobson  school 

at  Seesen,  d. 
1892. — Otto  Glagau,  anti-semitic  author,  Berlin,  d. 
1904. — Gottlieb   Schnapper,  political  economist,  Frankfort-on-M., 

d. 
1904. — Moritz  Rahmer,  rabbi  and  author,  Magdeburg,  d. 

3. 

1619. — Ephraim  Luntschiitz,  preacher  in  Prague,  d. 
1814. — Charles  Salaman,  pianist  and  composer,  London,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — MARCH.  37 

1851. — J.  Barth,  Orientalist,  professor  at  Berlin,  b. 

1882. — Lndwig  Kalisch,  humorist,  Paris,  tl. 

1889. — Jnlins  Landsberger,  rabbi  and  authoi-,  Darmstadt,  d. 


1814. — Sol.  Pappenheim,  Hebrew  poet,  Breslau,  d. 

1849. — Freedom  of  religion  proclaimed  in  Austria. 

1875. — Joseph  Saul  Nathansohn,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  autlior,  Lem- 
berg,  d. 

1890. — Franz  Delitzsch,  Hebraist  and  advocate  of  the  Jews,  Leip- 
zig, d. 

1894. — Joseph  Perles,  rabbi  and  author,  Munich,  d. 

5. 

1328. — ]\Iany  Jews  killed  at  Estella  in  the  Shepherd's  Insurrection. 
1853. — Hirsch  Sommerhausen,  pedagogue  and  author,  Brussels,  d. 
1902. — Leonard  Lewisohn,  American  philanthropist,  London,  d. 

6. 

1328. — Jewish  massacre  in  Navarre. 

1789. — Aryeh  Lol).  sion  of  Pene  Jehoshua,  rabbi,  Hanover,  d. 

1791. — David  Paul  Drach,  convert  and  Catholic  priest,  b. 

1816. — Expulsion  of  the  Jews  from  Liibeck. 

1820. — Cacilie  Furtado  Heine,  benefactress,  b. 

1872, — Theodor  Goldsitiicker,  Sanscritist,  London,  d. 

1882. — Ephraim  Isr.  Bliicher,  author  of  an  Aramaic  grammar,  d 

1894. — Abraham  Baer,  cantor  and  composer,  Gothenburg,  d. 

1896. — Isaac  Elchanan  Specter,  rabbi  in  Kovno,  d. 

1900. — Simon  Hurwitz,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  autlior,  Leipzig,  d. 

7. 

1G12. — Mordecai  Jafe,  autlior  of  "Lebush,"  Posen,  d. 
1802. — N"oah  Chayim  Hirsch,  Berlin,  rabbi  at  Altona,  d. 


28  MEMORABLE    DATES — MARCH. 

1804. — British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society  founded. 

1818  — David  Morgenstern,  member  of  the  Bavarian  diet,  b. 

1833. — Eahel  (Varnhagen)  Levin,  Berlin,  b. 

1850. — Moritz    August    Wessely,    physician    and    medical    writer, 

Nordhausen,  d. 
1860. — Guido  Adler,  musical  author,  b. 

1860. — Joseph  Almanzi,  bibliophile  and  Hebrew  poet,  Triest,  d. 
1902. — Isidore  Cahen,  editor  of  "Archives  Israelites,''  Paris,  d. 


1825. — Sol.  Kohn,  ghetto  novelist,  Prague,  b. 

1827. — Wolf  Frankenburger,  member  of  the  Bavarian  diet,  b. 

1830. — Herman  Makower,  communal  leader,  b. 

1903. — Sigmund  Meyer,  Justizrath,  communal  worker,  Berlin,  d. 

9. 

1828. — Lazarus  Eiesser,  advocate  of  synagogue  Reforms,  father  of 
Gabriel  Eiesser,  d. 

1851. — Eeuben  Samuel  Gumperz,  advocate  of  emancipation,  Ber- 
lin, d. 

1851. — Benjamin  Wolf  Low,  author  of  "Schaare  Thorah,"  Ujhely, 
d. 

1902. — Eugene  Eosenstiel,  philanthropist,  Meran,  d. 

10. 

1806. — Eachel  Meyer,  Jewish  novelist,  b. 

1807. — Isaac  Granboom,  rabbi  of  Reform  congregation  Adath  Jesh- 

urun,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1810. — Chayim  Selig  Slonimsky,  mathematician,  Bialystok,  b. 
1845. — Alexander  III.,  Czar,  persecutor  of  the  Jews,  b. 
1868. — HirschKatzenelenbogen,  rabbinical  author,  Wilna,  d. 
1870. — Ignatz  Moscheles,  renowned  musician,  Leipzig,  d. 
1871. — Solomon  Steinhard,  teacher  and   author,  Hildburghausen, 

d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — MARCH.  29 

1871. — August  Lewald,  convert,  author,  Munich,  d. 

1902. — Jenny  Hirsch,  worker  for  women's  rights,  author,  Berlin,  d. 

11. 

1764. — Benedict  Schbtt,  principal  of  the  Jacobson  school,  Danzig, 

b. 
1812. — Publication   of   an  edict  giving  the  Jews   civil  rights   in 

Prussia. 
1817. — M.  A.  Levy,  Orientalist,  Altona,  b. 
1831. — Adolph  Neubauer,  bibliographer,  b. 
1842. — Karl  Eotvos,  attorney  of  the  Jews  in  the  Tisza-Eszlar  case, 

b. 
1884. — Levi  Herzfeld,  rabbi  and  author,  Brunswick,  d. 
1887. — John  Hoff,  famous  for  his  malt  extract,  Berlin,  d. 
1890. — C.  D.  Asser,  famous  Dutch  jurist,  d. 
1897. — Daniel  Sanders,  German  philologist,  Strelitz,  d. 
1900. — The  murder  of  Winter,  student  of  the  gymnasium  at  Kon- 

itz. 

12. 

1730. — Abraham  ben  Jehudah,  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1776. — Lady  Esther  Stanhope,  converted  to  Judaism,  b. 

1797. — Samuel  Marum  Mayer,  professor  at  Tiibingen,  convert,  b. 

1804. — Samuel  Alatri,  philanthropist,  Eome,  b. 

1814. — Louis  Jean  Konigswarter,  French  political  economist,  Am- 
sterdam, b. 

1834. — Jacob  Simon,  author  on  heraldry,  Brussels,  d. 

1855. — Louis  Katisbonne,  philanthropist,  Strassburg,  d. 

1893. — Ludwig  August  Frankl,  Ritter  von  Hochwart,  poet,  Vienna, 
d. 

1899. — Sir  Julius  Vogel,  premier  of  ISTew  Zealand,  d. 

13. 

1601. — Mordecai  Meisel,  eminent  benefactor,  Prague,  d. 
1825. — Immanuel  Eitter,  preacher  of  the  Berlin  Reform  Congre- 
gation, d. 


30  MEMORABLE    DATES — MARCH. 

18^8. — Heinrich  Spitzer,  first  victim  of  the  Eevohition,  Vienna,  d. 

1858. — Abraham  Antibi,  rabbi  at  Aleppo,  d, 

1866. — Julius  Rubo,  jurist,  Berlin,  d. 

1904. — Ludovic  Trarieux,  Christian  advocate  of  the  Jews,  Paris,  d. 

14. 

1640. — Joel  Sarkes  (Bach),  rabbi  at  Cracow,  d. 

1791. — Job.  Solomon  Semler,  one  of  the  most  aggressive  rational- 
ists, Halle,  d. 

1868. — Solomon  Salkind,  teaclier  at  the  rabbinical  school  of  Wilna, 
Wilna,  d. 

1882. — Jacob  Xachod,  president  of  the  German  Union  of  Con- 
gregations, Leipzig,  d. 

1899. — Emil  Erckmann,  author  of  fine  sketches  of  Jewish  life, 
Luneville,  d. 

1899. — Heimann  Steinthal,  famous  philologist,  Berlin,  d. 

1899. — Ludwig  Bamberger,  prominent  German  politician,  Berlin, 
d. 

15. 

1791. — "Wilhelmschule"  opened  at  Breslau. 

1800. — Joseph  von  Wertheimer,  philanthropist  and  author,  Vien- 
na, b. 
1801. — Joseph  Levin  Saalschiitz,  rabbi  and  professor,  b. 
1872. — Michel  LevA',  famous  medical  author,  Paris,  d. 
1879. — Albert  Colm,  Orientalist  and  philanthropist,  Paris,  d. 
1889. — Bernhard  Lowenstein,  preacher,  Lemberg,  d. 
1890. — Jonas  Gurland,  Jewish  historian,  Odessa,  d. 
1897. — James  J.  Sylvester,  renowned  mathematician,  London,  d. 

16. 

1843. — Nehemiah  Briill,  rabbi  and  author,  Kojetein,  b. 

1853. — Joseph   Freiherr   von   Schey,   jurist-  and   professor   at   the 

University  of  Vienna,  b. 
1887. — Simon  Spitzer,  mathematician,  Vienna,  d. 


me:morable  dates — march.  31 

1887. — Joseph  von  Wertlieimer,  autlior  and  communal  worker,  d. 
1889. — Alfred  Edersheim,  convert,  church  historian,  London,  d. 

17. 

1807.— Mendel  Hess,  radical  Eeform  rabbi,  Stadt  of  Lengsfeld,  d. 
consistory  and  enacted  the  usury  laws  against  the  Jews. 
1808. — Napoleon's  decree  which  organized  the  constitution  of  tlie 
1811.— Carl  Gutzkow,  the  author  of  "Uriel  Acosta,"  b. 
1862, — Jacques  Fromental  Halevy,  famous  composer,  Paris,  d. 
1873. — Joseph  Salvador,  apologist  of  Judaism,  Paris,  d. 
1904. — Leopold  See,  French  general,  Paris,  d. 

18. 

1797. — Michel  Goudchaux,  French  statesman,  Nancy,  b. 

1865. — Isaac  Noah  Mannheimer,  preacher  in  Vienna,  d. 

1883. — Goudsmid,  professor  in  Leyden,  d. 

1886. — Leopold  Zunz,  Berlin,  d. 

1888. — Leo  Lewanda,  one  of  the  first  Russian  Jewish  authors,  d. 

1896. — Vassili  Berman,  Eussian  Jewish  author  and  Zionist,  d. 

19. 

1822. — J.  Ludwig  Ewald,  advocate  of  emancipation,  Karlsruhe,  d. 

1831. — Julius  Glaser,  jurist,  Austrian  statesman,  convert,  Postel- 
berg,  b. 

1832. — Theodore  Gomperz,  philologist,  University  professor,  Aus- 
trian peer,  Briinn,  b. 

1832. — Hermann  Vambery,  explorer,  convert,  Serdahely,  b. 

1873. — Wilhelm  Stahl,  political  economist,  convert,  Giessen,  d. 

1888. — Sol.  Abendana  Belmonte,  writer  on  jurisprudence,  Ham- 
burg, d. 

1904. — Moritz  Wolff,  Swedish  rabbi  and  author,  Gothenburg,  d. 

20. 

1800. — Gottfried  Bernhardy,  convert,  philologist,  b. 

1813. — Joel  Deutsch,  teacher  of  deaf  and  dumb,  Nicolsburg,  b. 


3Z  MEMORABLE    DATES MARCH. 

1835. — Aaron  Wolfsohn,  one  of  the  "Biurists/'  Fiirth,  d. 

1843. — Sol.  Tiktin,  orthodox  rabbi,  Breslau,  d. 

1848. — Hermann  Hirschel,  dramatic  poet,  Hamburg,  b. 

1885. — Joel  Ballin,  copper-plate  cngi'aver,  Copenhagen,  d. 

1902. — Abraham  Shalom  Friedberg,  Hebrew  author,  Warsaw,  d. 

21. 

1648. — Leon  Modena,  rabbi,  Venice,  d. 

1691. — Three  Jews  executed  in  Wilna  on  the  false  accusation  of 
child  murder. 

1762. — Samuel  Simon,  court-Jew,  Vienna,  d. 

1832. — Chayim  Coslin,  grammarian,  Stettin,  d. 

1872. — Gerson  Bleichroder,  first  Prussian  Jew  ennobled. 

1877. — Moritz  Kohner,  president  of  Union  of  German  congrega- 
tions, Leipzig,  d. 

1883. — George  Jessel,  Master  of  the  Eolls,  London,  d. 

1887. — Moritz  Feitel,  physician  and  Jewish  author,   Papa,  d. 

1888. — Hirsch  Ornstein,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 

1890. — Law  passed  in  Austria  for  the  regulation  of  Jewish  con- 
gregations. 

1901. — Joseph  Deckert,  anti-semitic  agitator,  Vienna,  d. 

22. 

1753. — David  Athias,  prominent  printer,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1798. — Eduard  Gans,  jurist  and  philosopher,  convert,  Berlin,  b. 

1879. — Simon  Bloch,  editor  of  "L'  TJnivers  Israelite,"  Paris,  d. 

1833. — Michael  Beer,  dramatic  poet,  Munich,  d. 

1848, — Harry  Bresslau,  historian,  b. 

1887. — Ignatz  Ortenau,  first  Jewish  notary  in  Bavaria,  Fiirth,  d, 

23. 

1552. — Sebastian  Miinster,  prominent  Hebraist,  Basle,  d. 

1805. — Naphtali  Herz  Wesel  (Hartwig  Wessely),  Hebrew  poet  and 

commentator,  Hamburg,  d. 
1811. — Friedrich  Karl  Stahl,  neurologist,  convert,  Munich,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — MARCH. 


33 


1828. David  Friesenhausen,  first  to  advocate  the  establishment 

of  rabbinical  seminaries,  Gyulafeservas,  d. 

1831.— Joh.  Bapt.  de  Rossi,  Hebrew  bibliographer,  Parma,  d. 

18(i().— Johann  Franz  Molitor,  Catholic  champion  of  Judaism, 
Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1870. — Moritz  Kalisch,  painter,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1876. — Isaac  Artom,  first  Jew  appointed  Italian  senator. 

1887.— Lazarus  Landshuth,  Jewish  historian,  Berlin,  d. 

1893. — Adolph  Fischhof,  Austrian  politician,  d. 

24. 

1811. — Fanny  Lewald,  authoress,  convert,  Konigsberg,  b. 
1833.— Abraham  di  Cologna,  president  of  the  French  consistory,  d. 
1882. — Ignaz   Edler  von  Kuffner,  burgomaster,   Ottakring,   d. 
1893.— Arkadi  Kaufmann,  philanthropist,  St.  Petersburg,  d. 
1900. — Solomon    Joachim    Halberstamm,    prominent    Jewish    lit- 

erateur,  Bielitz,  d. 
1902.— Solomon  Mandelkern,  Hebrew  and  German  writer,  Vienna, 

d. 

25. 

1592. — Sam.  Jeh.  Katzenelenbogen,  rabbi  at  Padua,  d. 
1801.— Joseph  Almanzi,  bibliophile  and  Hebrew  poet,  b. 
1890.— Bar  Kestin,  Hebrew  author,  Rushony,  d. 

26. 

1481. — Seventeen  Jewish  martyrs  burned  at  Seville. 

1671. — Ashkenazim  synagogue  dedicated  at  Amsterdam. 

1780._Julius  Hitzig,  Jurist,  son  of  Isaac  Itzig,  Berlin,  b. 

1832. — Michel  Breal,  French  philologian,  Landau,  b. 

1850. — Hugo  Rheinhold,  sculptor,  Oberlahnstein,  b. 

1882. — ^Leopold  Feldmann,  German  poet,  d. 

1883.— Simon   Schreiber,   rabbi  in   Cracow,   and  member   of  the 

Austrian  Reichsrath,  d. 
1886. — Benjamin  Mandelstein,  Hebrew  author,  Simferopol,  d. 


34  MEMORABLE    DATES — MAECH. 

1891. — Moses  Eeines,  Hebrew  author,  Wilna,  d. 

1900. — Isaac  M.  Wise,  American  rabbi  and  author,  Cincinnati,  d. 

1901. — Ludwig  Lewvsohn,  rabbi,  Stockholm,  d. 

27. 

1288. — Thirteen  martyrs  executed  at  Troyes. 

1850. — Wilhehii  Beer,  astronomer,  Berlin,  d. 

1852. — Siegmund  Kornfeld,  financier  and  Hungarian  magnate, 
Jenikau,  b. 

1872. — Eaphael  Kosch,  German  politician,  d. 

1904. — Albert  W.  Goldsmid,  English  colonel  and  communal  work- 
er, Paris,  d. 

28. 

1038. — Hai  Gaon,  head  of  the  school  at  Pumbaditha,  d. 

1832. — Lazarus  Bendavid,  Berlin,  d. 

1849. — James  Darmstetter,  Frencli  Orientalist,  b. 

1900. — Mendel  Hirsch,  principal  of   the  school   at  Frankfort,   d. 

1901. — Max  Eing,  poet,  Berlin,  d. 

1903. — Leopold  Pick,  Austrian  major  and  military  author,  Vienna, 
d. 

1903. — IvTahum  Sachs,  Hebrew  pedagogic  author,  Warsaw,  d. 

1904. — Abraham  B.  Arnold,  medical  and  Jewish  author,  San  Fran- 
cisco, d. 

29. 

1244.— Meir  Halevi  Abulafia,  rabbi,  Toledo,  d. 

1602. — John  Lightfoot,  Christian  Hebraist,  Stoke-on-Trent,  b. 

1714. — David  Altaras,  author,  Venice,  d. 

1815. — Jacob  Moses  Lowenstein,  chief  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1819. — Isaac  M.  Wise,  American  rabbi,  Steingrub,  b. 

1832. — Theodore   Gomperz,   philologist.   University   professor   and 

member  of  the  Austrian  House  of  Lords,  Bruenn,  b. 
1834. — Chananja   Cohen,  Hebrew  grammarian  and  lexicographer, 

Florence,  d. 
1840. — Edunrd  Schnitzer  (Emin  Pasha),  explorer,  b. 


MKMOHABLE    DATES — MARCH.  35 

1848. — Civil  equality  grantod  to  Jews  in  the  Kingdom  of  Sardinia. 

1853. — Samuel  Vita  della  Volta,  physician  and  Hebrew  author, 
Mantua,  d. 

18(36. — Mendel  Libowitz,  Cb  a  si  die  rabbi,  d. 

1875. — David  Aug.  Eosenthal,  convert,  author  of  "Convertitenbil- 
d'.M'/'  Breslau,  d. 

1880. — H.  B.  Oppenheim,  German  politician  and  political  econo- 
mist, d. 

1888. — Charles  H.  B.  Alkan,  French  musician,  d. 

30. 

1600. — Esther  Chiera,  favorite  of  the  Sultan,  murdered  at  Con- 
stantinople. 

1804. — Sol.  Sulzer,  cantor  and  composer,  Hohenems,  b. 

1816. — Moritz  Steinschneider,  greatest  Jewish  bibliographer, 
Prossnitz,  b. 

1873. — Abraham  Camondo,  philanthropist,  Paris,  d. 

1880. — M.  Wiener,  Jewish  historian,  Hanover,  d. 

1888. — Emil  Bessels,  north  pole  explorer,  d. 

31. 

1283. — Slaughter  of  Jews  at  Mulrichstadt. 

1492. — Decree  expelling  Jews  from  Spain  promulgated. 

1722. — Campegius  Vitringa,  Dutch  Hebraist,  d. 

1863. — Abraham  Abraham,  Jewish  author,  Liverpool,  d. 

1900. — Joseph  Gruber,  medical  professor,  Vienna,  d. 


36  JMEMORABLE    DATES APRIL. 

IV. 

APRIL. 


1793. — Hasharath  Zebi  school  founded  in  Halberstadt. 

1815. — Otto  von  Bismarck,  German  statesman  of  anti-semitic  lean- 
ings, b. 

1828. — Max  Biidinger,  historian,  Cassel,  b. 

18G7. — Hermann  Schiff,  satirical  writer,  Heine's  cousin,  Hamburg, 
d. 

1869. — Phobus  Philippson,  physician  and  author,  d. 

1882. — Disappearance  of  Esther  Solymosi  in  Tisza  Eszlar. 

1897. — H.  ]\fakower,  Berlin  Justizrath,  and  leader  in  the  commun- 
ity, d. 

1899. — Baroness  Clara  de  Hirsch,  widow  of  the  great  philanthro- 
pist, d. 

2. 

1620. — Isaac  Usiel,  preacher  in  the  Portuguese  congregation,  Am- 
sterdam, d. 

1709. — Shemaja  b.  Abraham  Bar,  rabbi  in  Berlin,  d. 

1755. — E.  Aryeh  Lob  (Levin  Saul)  chief  rabbi  of  Amsterdam. 

1791. — Count  Mirabeau,  advocate  of  Jewish  emancipation,  d. 

1800. — Israel  Deutsch,  rabbi  and  champion  of  orthodoxy,  Ziilz,  b. 

1806. — Gabriel  Eiesser,  fearless  champion  of  the  Jews,  Hamburg, 
b. 

3. 

1582. — Herzka  b.  Abba,  commentator  on  Midrash  Eabboth,  Lem- 

berg,  b. 
1634. — Jospe  Hahn,  author  on  ritual,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1673. — Eeuben    Kohen   b.    Hoschke,    author    of   Jalkut   Eeubini, 

Prague,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — APRIL.  37 

1795. — Hirsh  Kalischer,  founder  of  Zionism,  h. 

1814. — David  Altaras,  Hebrew  author,  Venice,  d. 

1857. — Loew  Schwab,  rabbi  in  Budapest,  d. 

1870. — Philip  Jaffe,  German  historian,  d. 

1884. — Ignaz  Kuranda,  Austrian  politician,  d. 

1890.- — Arnaud  Aron,  chief  rabbi  at  Strassburg,  d. 

1903. — Moses  Eeichersohn,  Hebrew  grammarian.  New  York,  d. 


1693. — Isaac  Aboab,  Hebrew  author,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1763. — David  Friinkel,  rabbinical  author,  teacher  of  Mendelssohn, 

Berlin,  d. 
1818. — M.    Kohner,    founder   of   the    "Deutsch-Israelitischer    Ge- 

meindebund,  Neumark,  b. 
1883. — Menahem  Cattawi  Bey  "Egyptian  Eothschild,"  d. 
1886. — M.  Warburg,  member  of  Eeichstag,  Altona,  d. 
1887. — Isaias  Morgenstern,  convert,  d. 


1760. — Jacob  Hayim  Abendana  de  Britto,  chief  rabbi,  Amsterdam, 

d. 
1790. — Moses  Ephraim  Kuh,  first  German  Jewish  poet,  Breslau,  d. 
1793. — Moses  Dobruska  (Thomas  Schonfeld),  convert,  playwright, 

Paris,  guillotined. 
1804. — M.  J.  Schleiden,  natural  scientist  and  defender  of  the  Jews, 

b. 
1875. — Moritz   Hess,   Zionist,   author  of  "Eome  and   Jerusalem," 

Paris,  d. 
1882. — M.  Lilienthal,  rabbi,   Cincinnati,  d. 
1888. — Moritz    von    Goldschmidt,    leader    of    Jewish    community, 

Vienna,  d. 
1891. — Isaac  Pesaro  Maurogonato,  senator,  Italy,  d. 
1900. — L.  M.  Simmons,  rabbi,  Manchester,  d. 


38  MEMORABLE    DATES — ^APRIL. 

6. 

1804. — Zebi  Hirsch  Mecklenberg,  Hebre\y  author,  Konigsberg,  d. 
1890. — W.  von  Boschan,  alderman,  Vienna,  d. 
1904. — Lazar  Atlas,  Hebrew  essayist,  Bialystok,  d. 


1615. — Guild  riots  in  Worms. 

1667. — Professor  Carpzov,  author  of  Critica  Sacra,  Liibeck,  d. 
1781. — Abraham  Muhr,  communal  leader,  Pless,  b. 
1815. — Marco  Mortara,  author  of  rabbinical  works,  b. 
1868. — K.  Heinemann,  Swedish  rabbi,  d. 

1900. — Isaac  Eabinowitz,  poet  in  modern  Hebrew,  New  York,  d. 
1901. — Hillel   Ivahane,   teacher   and   worker   for   the   "Enlighten- 
ment," Bottuschan,  d. 


1845. — Solomon  Eosenthal,  writer  and  communal  leader,  Pest,  d. 
1904. — Chajim  M.  Horowitz,  Hebrew  author,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

9. 

1582. — Naphtali  Herz  ben  ^feir,  rabbi  in  Lemberg,  d. 

1723. — Lob  iSTeumark,  Hebrew  grammarian,  d. 

1816. — Simcha   Bunem    Rappaport,    rabbi   and    Talmudic   author, 

Bonn,  d. 
1879. — Karl  Isidor  Beck,  German  poet,  convert,  Vienna,  d. 
1891. — Adolf  Saphir,  missionary,  nephew  of  the  satirist,  London, 

d. 

10. 

1699. — Samuel   Orgelt^,  commentator  on   "Orach   Chajim,"   Ham- 
burg, d. 
1719. — Simon  Michael,  court  Jew,  Vienna,  d. 
1728. — Solomon  Ayllon,  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1835. — Johann  Schnitzler,  medical  professor.  Gross  Kanisza,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — APRIL.  39 

1849. David  Proops,  last  representative  of  the  famous  printing 

firm,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1858. — Jewish  veterans  receive  permission  to  settle  in  Finland. 

11. 

1715.— Jacob  Eodriguez  Pereira,  originator  of  deaf  mute  instruc- 
tion, Berlanger,  b. 
1825. — Ferdinand  Lasalle,  Social  Democratic  agitator,  b. 
1864. — Elijah  Bardach,  Hebrew  author,  Lemburg,  d. 
1876. — Ludwig  Traube,  physician,  Berlin,  d. 
1893. — Adolph  Franck,  French  philosopher,  Paris,  d. 

12. 

1660.— Sheftel  Hurwitz,  Talmudic  author,  Vienna,  d. 

1740. — Simson  Morpurgo,  rabbi  of  Gradisca,  opponent  of  Cabbala, 

d. 
1792. — H.  J.  Michael,  eminent  Bibliophile,  b. 
1804. — Abbe  Liberman,  convert,  b. 

1863.— Julius  Barrasch,  physician  and  author,  Bucharest,  d. 
1863. — Siiskind  Easchkow,  Hebrew  poet,  d. 
1886. — Arjeh  Lob  Jelin,  Talmudic  author,  d. 
1899. — A.  B.  Gottlober,  Hebraic  literateur,  Bialystok,  d. 

13. 

1823. — Eugene  Manuel,  poet  and  pedagogue,  Paris,  b. 

1823.— Sabbato  Morals,  leader  of  American  Orthodoxy,  Leghorn, 

b. 
1850. — Bernhard  Alexander,  professor  of  philosophy,  Budapest,  b. 
1866. — Naphtali  Frankfurter,  preacher,  Hamburg,  d. 
1903. — Moritz  Lazarus,  philosopher,  Meran,  d. 

14. 

1660. — Seven  Jews  in  Seville  burnt  at  the  stake. 
1713. — Elijah  Splra,  author,  Prague,  d. 


40  MEMORABLE    DATES — ^APRIL. 

1815. — Chajim  Zebi  Lerner,  grammarian  and  literateur,  b. 

1882. — Ludwig   Waldenburg,    physician    and   professor   in    Berlin 

University,  d. 
1890. — M.  Lehmann,  publicist,  Mayence,  d. 
1897. — Lazar  Wogue,  French  rabbi  and  author,  d. 

15. 

1698. — Jacob  Sasportas,  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1815. — Eliezer  Zebi  Zweifel,  Hebrew  author,  b. 

1833. — Maurice  Lowy,  astronomer,  Budapest,  b. 

1834. — Joseph  Kohen  Moline,  poet,  Brussels,  b. 

1839. — Emily  Ludwig  (Levy)  juvenile  writer,  d. 

1882. — Bruno  Bauer,  radical  theologian  and  anti-semite,  d. 

1891. — Eduard  Eenss,  autlior  of  a  Bible  commentary,  protestant 

theologian,  d. 
1898, — Cesare  Parenzo,  Italian  senator,  ISTerva,  d. 
1900. — Dankmar  Adler,  architect,  Chicago,  d. 
1903.— Gustav  Gottheil,  rabbi,  New  York,  d. 


16. 

1203. — Menachem  ben  Jacob,  teacher  and  poet.  Worms,  d. 

1669. — Jonah  Teomim,  rabbi,  Talmudist,  Metz,  d. 

1717. — Abraham  Broda,  rabbi,  rrankfort-on-]\L,  d. 

1729. — Jacob  Eliezer  Braimst-hweig,  Talmudic  author,  Vienna,  d. 

1741. — Abraham  Spitz,  who  purchased  the  freedom  of  the  impris- 
oned Jews  of  Buda,  d. 

1821. — D.  A.  Eosenthal,  convert  and  author,  d. 

1858. — Alois  Jeiteles,  physician  and  writer,  Briinn,  d. 

1862. — Samuel  M.  Mayer,  convert,  professor  in  Tiibingen,  d. 

1872. — Moritz  Keichenheim,  founder  of  the  Orphan's  Home,  Ber- 
lin, d. 

1879. — L.  Lazarus,  director  of  rabbinical  Seminar,  Breslau,  d. 

1897. — Carl  Lueger  (anti-semite)  installed  Burgomaster  of  Vien- 
na, d. 


MEMOILABLE    DATKS Al'lilL.  41 

17. 

1750._"General  Eeglemenf'  for  the  Prussian  Jews. 

1782.— Samuel  Falk,  the  "Baal  Shern"  of  London,  d. 

1798. — Kesettlement  of  Jews  in  Cologne. 

1818. — Th.  Creizenach,  founder  of  the  Reform  Verein,  later  a  con- 
vert, b. 

1888. — Abr.  Warshawski,  manufacturer  and  philanthropist,  St. 
Petersburg,  d. 

1894. — Fanny  Neuda,  authoress  of  prayer  books  for  women,  d. 

18. 

1735. — Ephraim  Nabon,  rabbinical  author,  Constantinople,  d. 
1783. — Bishop  Kennicot,  collector  of  Bible  manuscripts,  d. 
180G. — Dr.  Jonas  Jeitteles,  physician,  Prague,  d. 
1845. — Simon   von   Lammel,  financier,  Prague,  d. 
1881. — Lord  Beaconsfield,  English  statesman,  convert,  d. 
1887. — Ignaz  Eeich,  author,  Budapest,  d. 
1893. — Moses  Eisman,  Hebrew  author,  d. 

1902.— Markus  Wolf  Hinrichsen,  member  of  the  Eeichstag,  Ham- 
burg, d. 

19. 

1383. — Many  Jews  killed  in  Mayence  and  Bacharach. 

1287. — St.  Werner  of  Bacharach,  immortalized  by  Heine,  d. 

1G70. — Samson  Bacharach,  rabbi,  Worms,  d. 

1670. — Solomon  Marini,  author  of  a  commentary  to  Isaiah,  Padua, 

d. 
1776. — Jacob  Emden,  Talmudic  author,  Altona,  d. 
1813. — Jacob  Fischel,  alienist,  b. 
1814. — Moses  Philippson,  author,  Dessau,  d. 
1819. — S.  L.  Schwabacher,  rabbi  of  Odessa,  b. 
1820. — George  Levin,  medical  professor,  b. 
1872. — Herman  Frenkel,  deputy  to  Galician  diet,  d. 
1903. — Massacre  in  Kishineff. 


42  MEMORABLE    DATES APRIL. 


20. 


1344. — Levi  ben  Gerson,  philosopher,  mathematician,  translator, 
commentator.  Southern  France,  d. 

1632. — Xicolas  Anthoine,  protestant  clergyman,  proselyte,  burnt 
at  the  stake,  Geneva. 

17'J'2.^Israel  Levi  ben  Moses,  astronomer,  Brody,  d. 

1834. — A.  Th.  Hartman,  anti-semite,  theologian,  Rostock,  d. 

1851. — Isaac  Erter,  physician,  satirist,  Brody,  d. 

1871. — Jacob  Tugendhold,  Polish  author  and  director  of  the  rab- 
binical seminary,  Warsaw,  d. 

1888. — Samuel  Poljalcoff,  Eussian  railroad  constructor,  philanthro- 
pist, d. 

1893. — Wilhelm  Lowenthal,  investigator  of  the  Argentine  colonies, 
Berlin,  d. 

1895. — Joseph  Heimann  Caro,  Talmudic  author,  Wloclawek,  d. 

1897. — W.  Herzberg,  German  author,  Brussels,  d. 

21. 

1481. — Jews  in  Seville  burnt  at  the  stake. 

1585. — Moses  di  Trani,  Talmudic  author,  Safed,  d. 

1840. — A.  S.  Weismann,  Hebrew  literateur,  b. 

1843. — Duke  of  Sussex,  advocate  of  the  Jews,  d. 

1870. — Wolfgang  Wessely,   religious   author,   jurist,   professor  in 

Prague  University,  Vienna,  d. 
189G. — Moritz  v.  Hirsch,  philanthropist,  d. 

22. 

1759. — Israel  Riess,  author  of  "Sheerith  Israel,"  twenty  years  of 
age,  d. 

1767. — Baruch  Jeitteles,  Jewish  author,  Prague,  b. 

1863. — Gabriel  Riesser,  champion  of  the  rights  of  the  Jews,  Ham- 
burg, d. 

1881. — Joseph  Goldmark,  member  of  the  Austrian  Parliament, 
New  York,  d. 

1900. — Louis  Bein,  author  on  political  economy,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — APRIL.  43 


23. 


1283. — In  Briickenhausen  sixteen  Jews  were  killed. 

1622. — Jacob  Horwitz,  Talmudic  author,  d. 

1797. — Solomon  Plessner,  leader  of  modern  orthodoxy,  Breslan,  b. 

1859. — Lazar  Scheineanii,  Koumanian  philologist,  convert,  b. 

1884. — Anton  Asher,  actor,  Meran,  d. 

24. 

1439. — Abigedor  Kara,  writer  on  theology,  Prague,  d. 
1790. — Meir  Margalioth,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Ostrog,  d. 
1887.— Joseph  Levi,  editor  of  "Mose,"  Corfu,  d. 
1889. — Sol.  Formstecher,  rabbi,  Offenbach,  d. 

25. 

1221. — Baruch  ben  Samuel,  Talmudist  and  liturgical  poet.  May- 
ence,  d. 

1599. — Oliver  Cromwell,  friend  of  the  Jews,  b. 

1796. — Joseph  von  Geldern,  pliysician,  uncle  of  Heine,  Diisseldorf, 
d. 

1808.— Gustav  Weil,  Orientalist,  Heidelberg,  b. 

1828. — Law  concerning  Jewish  affairs  in  Wiirtemberg  promul- 
gated. 

1846. — Judah  Bacharach,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Seiny,  d. 

26. 

1793. — Joseph   Teomiro,   author  of  Peri  Megadim,   Prankfort-on- 

0.,  d. 
1817. — Joseph     Baron     von     Sonnenfels,     convert,     humanitarian 

statesman,  Vienna,  d. 
1829. — Th.  Billroth,  known  for  his  hostile  judgment  in  the  case 

of  Jewish  students  and  his  public  stand  against  auti- 

semitism,  b. 


44  MEMORABLE    DATES — APRIL. 

1850. — Leo  Wolf,  author  of  medical  works  and  one  of  the  found- 
ers of  the  "Temple,"  Hamburg,  d. 

1878. — David  Deutsch,  leader  of  Hungarian  orthodoxy,  rabbi  of 
Balassa  Gyarmath,  d. 

1883. — Sam.  Alex.  Byck,  banker  and  writer  on  philosophy,  Leip- 
zig, d. 

1891. — Joachim  Oppenheim,  rabbi  in  Thorn  and  Hebrew  author, 
Berlin,  d. 

1893. — Abraham  E.  Pumpiansky,  rabbi  at  Kiga,  d. 

1903. — Jewish  Theological  Seminary  in  New  York  dedicated. 


27. 

1293. — Meir  ben  Baruch  of  Kothenburg,  in  the  prison  of  Ensis- 

heim,  d. 
1822. — Sol.  Lowisohn,  author  of  a  Jewish  history,  Vienna,  d. 
1822. — U.  S.  Grant,  President  of  the  United  States,  known  for  an 

anti-Jewish  document,  b. 
1826. — Eleazar  Fleckeles,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Prague,  b. 
1859. — Isaac  Lyon  Goldsmid,  advocate  of  Jewish  rights,  London, 

d. 

28. 

15G0. — Kalmann  Worms,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 

1778. — Schmelke  Horwitz,  rabbi  and  cabbalist,  Nikolsburg,  d. 

1834. — Samuel  Trabotti,  philanthropist,  Mantua,  d. 

1860. — Isaac  da  Costa,  Dutch  poet,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1896. — H.  V.  Treitschke,  anti-semite,  d. 

29. 

1280.— E.  Isaac  of  Corbeil,  author  of  the  "Semak,"  d. 
1614. — Joshua  Falk  Kohen,  "Sema,"  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 
1679. — Joshua  di  Silva,  Chacham,  London,  d. 
1793. — Ezekiel  Landau,  rabbi  and  writer  on  the  Halachah,  Prague. 
d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — APRIL.  45 

1819. — Moses  Angel,  director  of  the  "Jews  Free  School,"  Lon- 
don, b. 

1864. — David  Samosch,  author  and  translator  of  poems  in  He- 
brew, d. 

1881. — Anton  S.  Adam  Solomon,  sculptor,  Paris,  d. 

29. 

1885. — Moritz  Dessauer,  Landesrabbiner,  Meiningen,  d. 

30. 

1637. — Abraham  Katzenelenbogen  Ashkenazi,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 
1833. — Baruch  Auerbach  Orphan  Asylum  in  Berlin  opened. 
1850. — Solomon  Sachs,  translator  and  commentator  of  Jeremiah, 

d. 
1895. — Gustav  Freytag,  author  of  "Soil  und  Haben." 


46  MEMORABLE    DATES — MAY. 

V. 

MAY. 


1572  — Moses  Isserles,  codifier  "Eemo,"  Cracow,  d. 

1700. — Joseph  Athias,  publisher,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1775. — Israel  Lyons,  astronomer  and  mathematician,  London,  d. 

1801. — Hermann  Schiff,  German  writer,  b. 

1805. — Johann  Jacoby,  German  politician,  Ivoenigsberg,  b. 

1808. — Francis  Henry  Goldsmid,  M.  P.,  first  Jemsh  lawyer  in 
England,  b. 

1817. — Karl  Isidor  Beck,  German  poet,  convert,  b. 

1849. — Isaac  Bernays  Chacham,  Hamburg,  d. 

1885. — David  Gordon,  Hebrew  writer,  d. 

1893. — Abraham  Sack,  author  and  merchant,  Berlin,  d. 

1899. — Joel  Dentsch,  principal  of  the  Jewish  deaf  and  dimib  in- 
stitute, Vienna,  d. 

1900. — Baron  Moritz  von  Cohn,  banker  of  Emperor  William,  d. 

1901. — Jacob  Freiherr  von  Mayer,  Koburg,  d. 

1902. — Theodore  Klein,  medical  writer,  member  of  Paris  consis- 
tory, Paris,  d. 

2. 

1634. — Jacob  Bassewi,  ennobled  financier,  Prague,  d. 

1718. — Zebi  Ashkenazi,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 

1784. — Marks  Haindorf,  founder  of  Haindorf  Institute  at  Miin- 

ster,  b. 
1793. — Jacques  Leon  Aronsohn,  medical  professor,  Strassburg,  b. 
1832. — Abraham  Berliner,  Jewish  historian,  Oljcrsitzko,  b. 
1836. — Aaron  Worms,  Talmudic  author,  IVIetz,  d. 
1860. — Theodor  Herzl,  leader  of  the  Zionistic  movement,  author  of 

"Jewish  State,"  Budapest,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — MAY.  47 

18G2. — Joseph  Wollt',   English  missionar}',  convert,  d. 

1864, — Giacomo  Meyerbeer,  musical  composer,   d. 

1878. — Francis  Henry  Goldsmid,  member  of  Parliament,  d. 

1893. — Johann   Schnitzler,  throat  specialist,  university  professor, 

Vienna,  d. 
1899. — Martin  Eduard  von  Simson,  President  of  German  Eeich- 

stag,  convert,  d. 

3. 

1096. — A  number  of  Jews  killed  by  crusaders  in  Speier,  Germany. 
1407. — Israel  of  Krems  appointed  "Eeichshochmeister." 
1583. — Isaac  Mehling,  rabbi  in  Prague,  d. 
1616. — Meir  of  Lublin,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  d. 
KioT). — iVbraham  Nunez  Bernal  burnt  at  Cordova,  d. 
1665. — Massacre  of  the  Jews  of  Lemberg,  instigated  by  Jesuits. 
1703. — Samuel  Oppenheimer,  renowned  financier,  Vienna,  d. 
1871. — Edward  Munk  philologist,  Glogau,  d. 

1883. — Temporary  laws  against  Jews  promulgated  in  Russia  (IMay 
Laws,  15  May). 

4. 

1758. — Solomon  Lipschitz,  cantor,  wrote  book  for  cantors,  Metz,  d. 

1789. — Angelo  Paggi,  Jewish  author,  Siena,  b. 

1816. — Joseph   Franco,   violinist,  b. 

1852. — Moses  Landau,  editor  of  the  Aruch,  Prague,  d. 

1864. — Israel  Joseph  Benjamin  II.,  traveler,  d. 

1875. — Heinrich  Ewald,  exegete,  Goettingen,  d. 

1875. — Michael  Levi,  publisher,  Paris,  d. 

1903. — Emile  Dreifus,  Brisac,  French  medical  author,  Paris,  d. 

5. 

1624. — Priests  in  Coimbra  burned  Dr.  Antonio  Homem,  a  convert 

to  Judaism. 
1767. — Isaac  Levi  Hiirwiiz,  i-abhi  and  author,  Altona,  d. 
1821. — Napoleon,  who  called  Sanhcdrin  together,  d. 


48  MEMORABLE    DATES — MAY. 

1839. — Eduard  Gans,  jurist  and  philosopher,  professor  at  Berlin, 

a  convert,  d. 
1859. — Mordecai  Zebi  Mane,  painter  and  Hebrew  poet,  b. 

6. 

1629. — Chajim  Vital,  founder  of  Lurianian  mysticism,  Damascus, 
d. 

1664. — Abraham  ben  Solomon  killed  at  Lemberg. 

1747. — Moses  Chajim  Luzzato,  neo-Hebraic  poet,  d. 

1781. — Beer  Lema,  Talmudic  writer,  d. 

1785. — Saul  Halevi,  rabbi,  Hague,  d. 

1786. — Ludwig  Boerne,  author,  convert,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 

1830. — Abraham  Jacobi,  medical  professor,  Hartum,  b. 

1831. — Samuel   I.   J.   Scheresehewski,   convert,   missionary,  trans- 
lated Bible  into  Chinese,  Tauroggen,  b. 

1838. — Samuel  Loeb  Kauder,  rabbi,  Prague,  d. 

1839. — Joseph  iSTeuwirth,  Austrian  politician  and  political  econo- 
mist, Triesch,  b. 

1842. — Isaac  Spitz,  rabbi  and  author,  Jungbunzlau,  d. 

1848. — Hermann  L.  Strack,  Christian  advocate  of  Jews,  b. 

1859. — Alexander  von  Humboldt,  author,  friend  of  Jews,  d. 

1889. — Chajim  Zebi  Lerner,  Hebrew  writer,  d. 

1889  — August  Abrahamson,  Gothenburg,  promoter  of  trade  school 
system,  d. 

7. 

1880. — Leone  Levi,  juristic  writer,  London,  d. 
1884. — Beer  Goldberg,  Hebrew  literateur,  Paris,  d. 


1664. — Some  Jews  were  killed  at  Lemberg. 

1806. — Feibus  Cohen,  rabbinical  writer,  d. 

1811. — Ignaz  Kuranda,  Austrian  politician,  b. 

1819. — David  Levi,  Italian  poet,  b. 

1878. — Meyer  Auerbach,  chief  rabbi  of  Jerusalem,  d. 

1884. — Judah  P.  Benjamin,  American  statesman,  London,  d. 


MEiMOUABLK    DATES MAY.  49 

9. 

1572. — Moses  Beschitzi,  Karaitic  writer,  d. 

1664. — Two  teachers  of  the  Talmud  were  killed  at  Lemberg. 

1735. — Jonas  Jeiteles,  M.  D.,  Prague,  b. 

1773. — Moses  Philippson,  religious  author,  b. 

1800. — Justus  Olshausen,  exegete  and  grammarian,  b. 

1824. — Jacob  Bachrach,  Hebrew  writer,  Seiny,  b. 

1867. — Sigismund  Stern,  leader  of  Eeform  movement,  Frankfort- 

on-M.,  d. 
1899. — Simon  Samuel,  professor  of  medicine,  Koenigsberg,  d. 
1901. — .fenny  Gross,  actress,  Berlin,  d. 

10. 

1683. — Abraham  Lopez  Pereira  and  Isaac  da  Fonseca  were  burned. 
1795. — Joachim    Edler    von    Popper,    financier    and    benefactor, 

Prague,  d. 
1879  — Benzion  Berkowitz,  Hebrew  writer,  Wilna,  d. 
1885. — Ferdinand  Hiller,  composer,  convert,  d. 
1888. — Michael  Heilprin,  celebrated  scholar,  New  York,  d. 

11. 

1785. — G.  B.  Depping,  Jewish  historian  (Christian),  Miinster,  b. 

1823. — Asher  Ginsburg,  Jewish  scholar,  d. 

1886. — Isidore  Calisch,  American  rabbi,  d. 

1892. — Joseph  Beer  Solowejczyk,  Talmudic  author,  Brest,  d. 

1902. — Ascher  I.  Myers,  publisher  of  Jewish  Chronicle,  London,  d. 

13. 

1751. — Petachjah  ben  David  of  Lida,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1805. — Julius  Fuerst,  professor  of  the  University  of  Leipzig,  bib- 
liographer, Zerkow,  b. 

1807. — Samuel  Breinersdorf,  medical  AVi'iter,  Breslau,  d. 

1817. — Laws  enacted  in  Holland  compelling  communities  to  or- 
ganize public  schools. 


50  MEMORABLE    DATES — MAY. 

1832. — Jacob  Freiherr  von  Mayer,  manufacturer,  Bibra,  b. 
1858. — J.  G.  B.  Winer,  Christian  Hebraist,  Leipzig,  d. 
1862. — Samson  Wolf  Eosenfeld,  rabbi  at  Bamberg,  author,  d. 
1873. — Gideon  Brecher,  M.  D.,  Jewish  writer,  Prossnitz,  d. 
1884. — Benjamin  Hollaender,  manufacturer  and  Hebraist,  Leob- 

schiitz.  d. 
1900. — Attilio  Luzzato,  Italian  politician  and  editor,  d. 

13. 

1728. — Isaac  Chajim  Cantarini,  author,  d. 

1779. — Jacob  Solomon  Bartholdy,  Prussian  statesman,  convert,  b. 

1782. — Fr.  Albrecht  Augusti,  convert,  Eschwege,  d. 

1792. — Pius  IX.,  author  of  the  "Syllabus  of  Errors,"  responsible 

for  the  kidnapping  of  Mortara,  b. 
1799. — Isaiah  (Pick),  Berlin,  Talmudic  author,  d. 
1829. — Marcus  Jastrow,  rabbi  and  author,  Eogasen,  b. 
1872. — Moritz  Hartmann,  German  poet,  d. 
1873. — Emanuel   Deutsch,    author   of   an   essay   on   the    Talmud, 

Alexandria,  d. 
1896. — Germain  See,  professor  and  author  of  medical  works,  Paris, 

d. 
1900. — Hermann  Levi,  musician  and  convert,  Munich,  d. 

14. 

1726. — Moses  Darshan,  rabbinical  writer,  d. 

1803. — Solomon  Munk,  Orientalist,  member  of  Academy  of  France, 

Glogau,  b. 
1864. — M.  H.  Breslau,  Anglo- Jewish  author,  London,  d. 
1869. — Gabriel  Polak,  pedagogue  and  author,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1873. — Prussian  laws  concerning  status  of  Jews  enacted. 
1875. — Gottfried  Bemhardy  philologist,  convert,  d. 
1886. — S.  E.  Berolzheimer,  first  Jewish  judge  in  Bavaria,  Fiirth, 

d. 
1889. — Samuel  Hirsch,  American  Reform  rabbi,  d. 


MEMOKABLE    DATES — JiAY.  51 

1892. — A.  S.  Weissmann,  Hebrew  author,  Vienna,  d. 

1902. — Giuseppe  Ottoienghi,  appointed  Minister  ot  War  in  Italy. 

15. 

1GG4. — -Chajim  ben  Mordecai,  killed  at  Lemberg. 

1792.^ — James  Kothschild,  founder  of  the  Paris  house,  Frankfort- 

on-M.,  b. 
1822. — Leopold  Kompert,  ghetto  novelist,  Miinchen-Gratz,  b. 
18-17. — Daniel  O'Connell,  Catholic  advocate  of  Jewish  rights,  d. 
1850. — Wolf  Hamburger,  famous  Talmudist,  Fiirth,  d. 
18T8. — Solomon  van  Nierop,  Dutch  lawyer,  communal  leader,  d. 
1887. — Dr.  Wilhelm  v.  Kcinigswarter,  philanthropist,  d. 
1896. — Lambert,  French  general,  Paris,  d. 
1904. — Chajim  Selig  Slonimsky,  Hebrew  scientist,  Warsaw,  d. 

16. 

1659. — Campegius   Yitringa,    Dutch    theologian,    author   of    "De 

Synagoga  Vetere,"  b. 
17G7. — Samuel  Borchart,  author  of  Biblical  zoolog}%  Caen,  d. 
1775. — Veitel  Heine  Ephraim,  mint  master,  Berlin,  d. 
1789. — Michael  Creizenach,  Eeform  writer,  Mayence,  b. 
1799. — Alexander  McCaul,  missionary  to  the  Jews,  Dublin,  b. 
1807. — Joseph  Abraham  Steblicky,  proselyte  at  Nicolai,  Silesia,  d. 
1823. — Heimann  Steinthal,  philosopher  and  philologist,  Grobzig,  b, 
1826. — David  B.  Adler,  Danish  politician,  b. 
1828.— Wilhelm  v.  Eothschild,  Frankfort-ou-M.,  b. 
1831. — Samuel  Hirschfelder,  painter,  Dettensen,  b. 

17. 

1617.- — Ijob  Saraval,  rabbi  at  ]\rantua,  d. 

1748. — Shabbetai  Marini,  physician  and  poet,  Padua,  d. 

1779. — Eaphael  Levi,  mathematician  and  astronomer,  Hanover,  d. 

1780.— Moses  Serach  Eidlitz,  author  of  an  arithmetic,  Prague,  d. 


52  MEMORABLE    DATES — MAY. 

1820. — Israel  Hildesheimer,  leader  of  German  orthodoxy,  Halber- 

stadt,  b. 
1895. — Wilhelm   von   Gutmann,   financier  and   commercial   leader, 

Vienna,  d. 
1899. — Joseph  Eabbinowitz,  founder  of  Jewish  Christian  sect  "N'ew 

Israel,"  Kishinew,  d. 

18. 

1729. — Mordecai  Mokiach,  Shabbatean  propagandist,  Pressburg,  d. 

1837. — W  Steinitz,  chess  player,  Prague,  b. 

1843. — Samuel  Chajim  Lolli,  poet  and  grammarian,  Gorice,  d. 

1865. — David  Frankel,  editor  "Sulamith,''  Dessau,  d. 

1887. — Wolf  Kaplan,  Hebrew  author,  Riga,  d. 

1888. — Hirsch  Ornstein,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d, 

1891. — Hillel  Lichtenstein,  rabbi  and  orthodox  leader,  Kolomea,  d. 

1897.— Eiot  in  Algiers. 

19. 

1103. — Isaac  Alfasi,  Talmudic  author,  Lucena,  d. 

1707. — Saul,  son  of  Joshua  Hoschel,  rabbi  of  Amsterdam,  Glogau, 

d. 
1762. — J.  G.  Fichte,  philosopher  and  anti-scmite,  b. 
1771. — Eachel  Levin  (Varnhagen),  b. 
1862. — Ephraim  Willstatter,  rabbi,  author  of  a  history  of  the  Jews, 

d. 
1866. — Sol.  Steinheim,  M.  D.,  philosopher  and  poet,  Zurich,  d. 
1871.— Max  Letteris,  Hebraist,  Vienna,  d.       W    i^«q.i600- 
1873. — Friedrich  Karl  Stahl,  alienist,  convert,  Karthaus-Prill,  d. 
1887. — Otto  Stobbe,  author  of  a  history  of  the  Jews  in  Germany,  d. 

20. 

1442. — Solomon  Kohen,  martyr  to  Judaism. 
1790. — Eleazar  Werblow,  martyred,  Grodno. 

1806. — Samuel  Low,  commentator  of  the   Shulchan  Aruch,  Bos- 
kowitz,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES MAY.  53 

1822. — Emile  Erckmann,  French  ghetto  novelist,  b. 

1889. — Sam.  Alatri,  philanthropist.  Home,  d. 

1895. — Joseph  Neuwirth,  Mariagriin,  Styria,  d.     See  May  6. 

21. 

1529. — Thirty  Jews  burned  in  Bosing,  Hungary. 

1760. — Israel  Besht,  founder  of  Chasidism,  Miedzyborz,  d. 

1786. — "Kahal"   (communal  organization)   instituted  in  Russia. 

1799. — Daniel  Itzig,  Maecenas,  Berlin,  d. 

1818. — Israel  M.  Rabbinowitz,  Talmudic  author,  b. 

1823. — David  Rosin,  Jewish  writer,  Rosenberg,  b. 

1829. — Lazarus  Geiger,  philologist,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 

1864. — G.  H.  Lippmann,  rabbi  and  author,  Kissingen,  d. 

1882. — Solomon  Taussig,  author,  Munich,  d. 

32. 

1370. — Jews  burned  in  Brussels. 

1681. — Joseph  Cliajim  Kitzingen,  Casale,  d. 

1802. — Leopold  Feldmann,  German  poet,  Munich,  b. 

1811. — Leopold  Low,  Jewish  theologian,  Czernahora,  b. 

1813. — Richard  Wagner,  composer  and  anti-semite,  b. 

1834. — Adolf  Ludwig  Cohn,  historian,  convert,  Breslau,  b. 

1839. — Israel  ben  Samuel,  author,  Sklow,  d. 

1843. — Adolf    Baginsky,    physician,    university    professor,    Berlin, 

b. 
1851. — M.  M.  Noah,  who  attempted  to  found  a  Jewish  state,  New 

York,  d. 
1858. — David  Ottensosser,  Biblical  exegete,  Fiirth,  d. 
1880. — Joseph  Aub,  rabbi,  Berlin,  d. 
1880. — G.  R.  Halphen,  mathematical  writer  and  French  artillery 

officer,  Versailles,  d. 


54  MEMORABLE    DATES — MAY. 

23. 

1708. — Solomon  de  Oliveira,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1893. — Anton    von    Schmerling,    liberal    Austrian    statesman    and 

somewhat  of  an  anti-semite,  d. 
1897. — Ed.  E.  Pereire,  artist,  Paris,  d. 

1903. — Eussian  edict  adding  one  hundred  and  one  towns  to  the 
Pale  promulgated. 

24. 

1241. — Murder  of  Jews  at  Frankfort-on-M. 

1801. — A.  A.  Wolff,  chief  rabbi  of  Copenhagen,  Darmstadt,  b. 

1810. — Abraham  Geiger,  one  of  the  greatest  Jewish  theologians  of 

modern   times,   Frankfort-on-M.,   b. 
1862. — Samuel  Low  Citron,  Hebrew  essayist,  Minsk,  b. 
1883. — G.  G.  Valentin,  professor,  Bern,  d. 
1896. — P.  E.  von  Noorden,  musician  and  composer,  d. 

25. 

1096. — Many  Jews  killed  at  Worms. 

1523. — Saul  Hakohen,  philosophical  writer,  from  Candia,  d. 

1741. — Daniel  Christian  Jablonski,  printer  of  the  Talmud,  Berlin, 

d. 
1757.— Jacob  Daniel  Olmo,  author  of  "Eden,"  Ferrara,  d. 
1832. — Jacob  of  Lissa,  Talmudic  author,  Stryj,  Galicia,  d. 
1868. — Religious  freedom  in  Austria  promulgated. 
1894. — Alexander  Kohut,  rabbi  and  scientific  author,  New  York,  d. 
1904. — Kalman  W.  Wisotzki,  philanthropist,  Moscow,  d. 

26. 

1171. — Many  Jews  martyred  at  Blois. 

1615. — Samuel  Bacharach,  rabbi,  Worms,  d. 

1711. — Lob  Minden,  poet,  Altona,  d. 

1746. — Menachem  Manele  ben  Baruch  Halevi,  Lemberg,  d. 

1820. — S.  Kristcller,  M.  D.,  and  Jewish  writer,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — MAY.  55 

1841. — Simon  Fubini,  professor,  medical  writer,  b. 

1878. — Dr.  Abraham  de  Pinto,  jurist.  The  Hague,  d. 

1881. — Jacob  Bernays,  philologist,  archaeologist  professor,  Bonn,  d. 

1881. — Philipp,  Baron  de  Schey,  financier,  Vienna,  d. 

27. 

1096. — Jewish  population  of  Mayence  killed  by  Crusaders. 
1782. — Eegulation  of  the  political  status  of  the  Jews  in  Sweden. 
1799. — Jacques  Fromental  Halevy,  composer,  b. 
1848. — Maimon  Fninkel,  co-editor  of  "Teutonia,"  Hamburg,  d. 

28. 

1783. — Cherem  prohibited  in  Austria. 

1811. — Abraham  de  Pinto,  jurist,  b. 

1831. — Abbe  Gregoire,  champion  of  the  Jews,  d. 

1880. — Moritz  Eappaport,  poet  and  physician,  Vienna,  d. 

1881. — Feisch  Fischmann,  Maggid,  Pressburg,  d. 

1889. — Jonas  Wiesner,  rabbi  and  author,  jSTachod,  d. 

29. 

1090. — E.  Isaac,  killed  in  a  church  at  Cologne. 

1820. — Christian  Dohm,  champion  of  the  Jews,  d. 

1839. — Herman  Adler,  chief  rabbi  of  London,  Hanover,  h. 

1861. — Lelewel,   Polish   historian   and   geographer,   friend   of   the 

Jews,  d. 
1876. — B.  A.  Herrmann,  dramatist  and  manager  of  the  theatre, 

Hamburg,  d. 
1900. — David  Tittinger,  member  Austrian  Eeichsrath,  Czernowitz, 

d. 

30. 

1624. — Isaac  ben  Samson  Kohen,  author,  Prague,  d. 

1794. — Ignaz  Moscheles,  musician,  Prague,  b. 

1806. — Assembly  of  Jewish  notnhlos  c'llled  by  "NTapolenn. 


56  MEMORABLE    DATES MAT. 

1829. — Lewin  Goldschmidt,  professor,  prominent  jurist,  b. 

1840. — Jewish  oath  abolished  in  Saxony. 

1844. — Benzion  Frizzi  of  Ostiano,  apologist  of  the  Jews,  d. 

31. 

1776. — During  a  wedding  ceremony  at  Mantua  house  collapsed  and 

sixty-seven  Jews  killed. 
1855. — Anton  von  Rosas,  physician  and  anti-semitic  writer,  Vienna, 

d. 
1872. — Law  concerning  Jewish  elementary  and  normal  schools  in 

Russia  enacted. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — JUNE.  57 


VI. 


JUNE. 

1. 

1588.— Chajim  ben  Bezalel,  Hebrew  grammarian,  Friedberg,  c1. 

1685.— Samuel  Haida,  Cabbalistic  author,  Prague,  d. 

1790. — S.  L.  Kapoport,  rabbi  and  author,  Lemberg,  b. 

1812. — William  Stahl,  political  economist,  convert,  Munich,  b. 

1833. — The  law  concerning  the  emancipation  of  the  Jews  in  the 

Province  of  Posen. 
1901.— Eugene  Manuel,  poet  and  pedagogue,  Paris,  d. 

2. 

1735. — Chajim  Kimchi,  rabbi  in  Constantinople,  d. 

1753. — Count  Potocky,  proselyte,  burned  in  Wilna. 

1783. — Charter  of  Toleration,  Emperor  Josepli  II. 

1816. — Grrace  Aguilar,  Jewish  authoress,  London,  b. 

1847. — Emanuel  Bessels,  north  pole  explorer,  b. 

1892.— Isidor  Loeb,  secretary  of  "Alliance  Israelite  Universelle," 
author,  d. 

1895.— Heinrich   von   Friedberg,    Prussian    attorney-general,   con- 
vert, Berlin,  d. 

3. 

1670.— Ephraim  ha-Kohen,  rabbi,  author,  Altofen,  d. 

1728. — Chajim   and   Joshua  Eeizoles,  executed   in   Lemberg  in   a 

gruesome  manner. 
1803. — Gabriel  Polak,  historian  and  translator,  x\msterdam,  b. 
1816. — Senior  Sachs,  Hebrew  author,  Keidani,  b. 
18r9  — M.  Wiener,  Jewish  historian,  Glogau,  b. 
1879.— Lionel  Nathan  Eothschild,  member  of  English  Parliament, 

d. 


58  MEMORABLE    DATES — JUNE. 


1391. — Kiot  against  the  Jews  in  Seville,  accompanied  by  bloodshed. 

1786. — Samson  School  founded  in  Wolfenbiittel  as  '•Klaus." 

1835. — Seckel  Friinkel,  one  of  the  founders  of*  the  Hamburg  tem- 
ple, d. 

1848. — Ludwig  Geiger,  historian,  Breslau,  b. 

1894. — Wilhelm  Freund,  philologist  and  champion  of  emancipa- 
tion, Breslau,  d. 


1667. — Prof.  Hottinger,  investigator  of  inscriptions  on  Jewish 
tombstones  and  coins  (drowned),  d. 

1763. — Abrah.  Easch,  physician,  teacher  of  Mendelssohn,  Prague,  d. 

1768. — Slaughter  in  Uman,  Kussia,  8,000  Jews  murdered. 

1835. — Mattathia  Zacuto  killed  with  thirty-five  persons  in  the  col- 
lapse of  a  building  in  Alexandria. 

1861. — Moses  Frankfurt,  called  Mendelsohn,  poet  and  translator, 
Hamburg,  d. 

1862. — E.  Nathan,  physician,  translator,  d. 

1882. — Abraham  de  Sola,  rabbi,  Montreal,  d. 

1885. — Julius  Benedikt,  composer,  convert,  London,  d. 

1887. — Leo  Hollander,  Hungarian  patriot,  Eperies,  d. 

1892. — Jacob  Fischel,  alienist,  Prague,  d. 

6. 

840. — Agobard,  Bishop  of  Lyons,  anti-Jewish  author,  d. 
1629. — Joseph  Samega,  theological  author,  Venice,  d. 
1818. — I.  M.  Eabbiaowitz,  physician  and  rabbinical  author,  b. 
1838. — Juda  Jeiteles,  Hebrew  writer,  Prague,  d. 


1651." — Abraham  Eapoport,  rabbi  and  author,  Lemberg,  d, 

1744. — Meir  Ashkenasi,  rabbi  and  Talmudie  author,  Eisenstadt,  d. 

1817. — Jacob  Saul  Elvaschar,  rabbi,  Jerusalem,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — JUNE.  59 

1853. — Israel  Deutsch,  anti-Eeform  rabbi,  Beiithen,  d. 
1867. — Angelo  Paggi,  Jewish  writer,  Florence,  d. 
1874. — Abraham  Firkowitsch,  famous  Karaite,  d. 

8. 

1779. — Joseph  Franz  Molitor,  Catholic  apologist  for  the  Jews, 
Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 

1815. — Act  of  Confederation  guaranteed  the  rights  of  the  Jews  in 
the  German  Confederation. 

1815. — Samuel  Hirsch,  philosopher  of  religion,  b. 

1818. — Fanny  von  Arnstein,  society  leader,  d. 

1837. — Chajim  Mussafia,  Talmudical  author,  Spalato,  d. 

1839. — Resolution  for  the  admittance  of  Jews  in  Norway  intro- 
duced in  the  Eeichstag. 


1171. — Jacob  ben  Meir  (Eahenu  Tam)  Tosaphist,  d. 

1794. — Julius  Eubo,  jurist  in  Berlin,  b. 

1869. — Solomon  Kluger,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Brody,  d. 

1891. — Samuel  Adler,  rabbi  of  Congregation  Emanuel,  New  York, 

d. 
1898. — Samuel  Mohilewer,  Zionistic  leader,  rabbi  in  Bialystok,  d. 
1900. — Leon  Kahn,  Jewish  historian,  Paris,  d. 

10. 

1648. — Eabbi  Michel  killed  in  ISTemirow  by  Cossacks. 

1727. — Samson  Modon,  merchant,  author,  Mantua,  d. 

1729. — Abraham  Isaak,  author  of  a  commentary  to  Maimonides, 

Jerusalem,  d. 
1789. — Eward  Kley,  Eeform  preacher  of  Hamburg,  b. 
1803. — Moritz  von  Goldschmidt,  financier,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 
1813. — Bavarian  edict  on  the  Jews  promiilgated. 
1846. — Heiman  Joseph  Michael,  bibliophile,  Hamburg,  d. 
1874. — Giuseppe  Levi,  author,  Vercelli,  d. 


60  MEMOEABLE    DATES — JUNE. 

1883. — Simon   von   Winterstein,   member  of  the  Austrian   House 

of  Lords,  d. 
1895. — Martin  Eoeder,  composer,  New  York,  d. 
1895. — M.  Griinwald,  rabbi  in  Sofia,  London,  d. 

11. 

1847. — Abraham  Muhr,  advocate  of  moderate  reform,  Breslau,  d. 

1868. — Lazar  Horowitz,  rabbi,  Vienna,  d. 

1881. — Solomon  Alex.  Hart,  painter,  d. 

1884. — Ad.   Pollak  von  Kudiu,  manufacturer  and  philanthropist, 

Vienna,  d. 
1886. — James  Gutheim,  rabbi,  New  Orleans,  d. 

12. 

1269. — Yellow  Badge  decreed  in  France. 

1490. — Elijah  Bashjazi.  Karaitic  author,  d. 

1773. — Anselm  von  Eothschild,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 

1844. — Tlie  Eabbinical  Conference  in  Brunswick  opened. 

1875. — Isaac  Ascoli,  rabbi,  Ferrara,  d. 

13. 

1851. — Jos.  Johlson,  Jewish  pedagogical  author,  Frankfort-on-M., 

d. 
1884. — Moses  Boris,  Colonel  in  the  French  army,  d. 
1896. — Count   Berchem    Heimhausen,    benefactor   of   the   Jewish 

community,  Kuttenplan,  d. 

14. 

1804. — Isaac  Euchel,  biographer  of  Mendelssohn,  Hebrew  author, 
Berlin,  d. 

1821. — Chajim  ben  Isaac  of  Woloshin,  founder  of  the  famous  "Ye- 
shiba,"  d. 

1827. — Prof.  Gurlitt,  friend  of  the  Jews  and  versed  in  Jewish  lit- 
erature, Hamburg,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — JUNE.     ^  61 

1897. — Barney  Barnato,  South  African  mine  speculator  (suicide), 
d. 

15. 

1831. — Meyer  Friedmann,  Talmudic  critic,  Haraszt,  b. 
1874. — Emil  Roediger,  reviser  of  Gesenius's  Grammar,  Berlin,  d. 
1888. — Emperor  Frederick  III.,  friend  of  the  Jews,  d. 
1903. — Theodore  Roosevelt,  President  United  States,  receives  Jew- 
ish delegates  in  Kishineff  affair. 

16. 

1221. — Twenty-one  Jews  put  to  death  in  Erfurt. 

1244. — Twenty-four  carloads  of  Hebrew  books  burned  in  Paris. 

1591. — Joseph  Sol.  del  Medigo,  critic,  Greta,  b. 

1836. — Prussian  "Cabinets  ordre"  forbids  Jews  to  adopt  Christian 

names. 
1849. — Prof,  de  Wette,  author  of  the  "Introduction  to  the  Old 

Testament,"  d. 
1851. — George  Jellinek,  jurist,  Leipzig,  b. 
1883. — Ad.  Samter,  banker  and  writer  on  political  economy,  d. 

17. 

1803.— Herman  Goldschmidt,  painter  and  astronomer,  Frankfort- 
on-M.,  b. 

1829. — M.  Kayserling,  Jewish  author  and  rabbi,  Hildesheim,  b. 

1833. — Fedr.  Frensdorff,  .jurist,  professor,  Hanover,  b. 

1839.— John  Hacking,  author  of  "Modern  Judaism,"  d. 

1844. — Hartwig  Derenbourg,  Orientalist,  Paris,  b. 

1883.— Meir  Heimerdinger,  justice  of  the  District  Court  in  Karls- 
ruhe, d. 

1898. — Moses  Tedeschi,  Hebrew  literateur,  Trieste,  d. 

18. 

1750. — Johann  Jahn,  Catholic  theologian,  and  exegete,  b. 
1831. — Edwin  Oppler,  architect,  b. 


62  MEMORABLE    DATES — JUNE. 

1874.— Chr.  G.  X.  David,  Danish  minister,  d. 

1890. — Monument  of  Mendelssohn  unveiled  in  Dessau. 

1891. — Calmann  Levy,  publisher,  Paris,  d. 

19. 

1790. — Saul  Lowenstamm,  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1843. — Ignaz  Jeiteles,  author,  d. 

1863. — Mordecai  Zeeb  Ettinger,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Lem- 

berg,  d. 
1890. — Max  Briill  de  Domony,  great  manufacturer,  Budapest,  d. 

20. 

1391. — Jews  killed  in  Toledo. 

1794. — Alois  Jeiteles,  writer,  Briinn,  b. 

1808. — Samson  Rafael  Hirsch,  founder  of  modern  orthodoxy,  Ham- 
burg, b. 

1823. — Law  in  Weimar  permitting  intermarriage  of  Jews  and 
Christians. 

1839. — Jacob  Freudenthal,  University  professor,  philosopher,  Bo- 
denfelde,  b. 

1865. — Isaac  Berlin,  author  of  commentary  to  the  Machzor,  Ham- 
burg, d. 

1883. — Bishop  Colenso,  Bible  critic,  d. 

1893. — Benjamin  Luzzatto,  professor,  Palermo,  d. 

21. 

1819. — Jacob  Offenbach,  composer  of  operas,  convert,  Cologne,  b. 
1896. — ^L.  A.  Weiss,  German  poet,  Meran,  d. 

22. 

1770. — W.  T.  Krug,  advocate  of  the  Jews,  Leipzig,  b. 
1850. — Ignaz  Goldziher,  Orientalist,  Stuhlweissenbnrg,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — JUNE.  63 

33. 

12T0. — Martyrs  killed  in  Weissenburg. 

1785. — Arjeh  Loeb,  author  of  '^Shaagat  Arjeh,"  Mctz,  d. 

1807. — Ferdinand  Hitzig,  Biblical  exegete,  b. 

1813. — Solomon  Dubno,  Biurist,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1839. — Lady  Esther  Stanhope,  convert,  d. 

1858. — Abduction  of  Mortara. 

1868. — Morris  J.  Kaphall,  American  preacher.  New  York,  d. 

1881. — M.  J.  Schleiden,  apologist  of  Judaism,  d. 

1891. — Meir  Jona,  Talmudic  author,  Svislotsch,  d. 

1901. — Charles  K.  Salamon,  musician,  London,  d. 

34. 

1240. — Eeligious  disputation  in  Paris. 

1320. — Farmers  and  shepherds  killed  four  hundred  and  ten  people 

in  Jacca. 
1386. — John  Capistrano,  persecutor  of  the  Jews,  b. 
1809. — Louis  Loewe,  secretary  of  ■\Ioses  Montefiore,  Ziilz,  b. 
1897. — Sir  John  Simon,  member  of  Parliament,  d. 

25. 

1298. — Two  hundred  and  fifty  Jews  killed  in  Rothenburg  on  the 

Tauber. 
1771. — Chajim  Eappoport,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 
1827. — Prof.  Eichhorn,  biblical  exegete,  d. 
1882. — Mich.  H.  Godefroi,  Minister  of  Justice  in  Holland,  d. 
1886. — J.  H.  R.  Biesenthal,  missionary,  convert,  d. 
1898. — Ferdinand  Cohn,  botanist,  Breslau,  d. 
1902. — Sam.  Edw.  Shrimski,  politician  at  Auckland,  New  Zealand, 

d. 

26. 

1570. — Moses  Cordovero,  Kabbalist,  Safed,  d. 
1643. — Murder  of  Jews  in  Kremsier. 


64:  MEMORABLE    DATES — JUNE. 

1715. — Wolf  Beer  Buchsbaiim,  physician,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1821. — Adolph  Jellinek,  chief  rabbi  of  Vienna,  b. 

1831. — Julius  Eodenberg,  author,  b. 

1855. — Anton  von  Schmid,  Hebrew  publisher,  Vienna,  d. 

1877. — Friedr.  W.  Ghillany,  anti-semitic  author,  d. 

1881. — Th.  Benfey,  Orientalist,  convert,  d. 

1887. — Lionel  Louis  Cohen,  M.  P.,  London,  d. 

37. 

1096. — The  Jews  were  visited  with  hardships  in  Xanten. 

1705. — Samuel  of  Opatow,  medical  author,  d. 

1714. — Loeb  Abusch  b.  Simeon,  Kabbalist,  Metz,  d. 

1805  — Peter  Theophil  Riess,  mathematician,  first  Jewish  mem- 
ber of  the  Berlin  Academy,  Berlin,  b. 

1824. — Joseph  Israels,  Dutch  painter,  b. 

1846. — Martin  Philippson,  historian  and  university  professor,  Mag- 
deburg, b. 

1886. — Chajim  Sofer,  rabbi  and  author,  Budapest,  d. 

1893. — Nahum  Cohen,  Russian  novelist,  Jekaterinoslaw,  d. 

28. 

1831. — Joseph  Joachim,  famous  musician,  b. 

1831. — Otto  Stobbe,  author  of  a  history  of  the  Jews  in  Germany, 

b. 
1894. — Moritz  Traube,  medical  author,  Berlin,  d. 

29. 

1337. — Jechiel  Hakohen,  martyred  in  Erfurt. 

1652. — Moses  de  Meccado,  Bible  exegete,  d. 

1654. — Balthasar  Lopez,  died  as  martyr,  Cnenca. 

1818. — Meyer  Amschol  Rothschild,  member  of  Parliament,  London, 

b. 
1827. — Moses  Belinfante,  publisher  of  a  Dutch  paper.  The  Hague, 

d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES JUNE.  65 

1852. — Aaron  Moses  Taubes,  rabbi,  Jassy,  d. 

1891. — Murder  of  a  boy  in  Xanten,  ritual  murder  accusation. 

1901. — Edward  Foa,  African  explorer,  Villers  sur  mer,  d. 

30. 

1271. — Bloody  persecution  in  Pforzheim. 

1522. — John  Reuchlin,  defender  of  Hebrew  literature,  d. 

167G. — Aaron  Samuel  Kaidanower,  Talmudic  author,  d. 

1680. — Several  Jews  burned  by  Priests  in  Madrid. 

1719. — Samuel     Schotten,     great-grandfather     of     Moses     Sofer, 

Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1821. — Siegmund  von  Henle,  Bavarian  politician,  b. 
1835. — Moritz    Benedikt,    university    professor,    physician,    p]isen- 

stadt,  b. 


66  MEMORABLE    DATES — JULY, 


VII. 

JULY. 


1244. — Jews'  statute,  Frederick  II.  of  Austria  promulgated. 
1298. — Elijah  ben  Samuel  burnt  at  Rome. 

1805. — Phineas  liurwitz,  Haphlaah,  rabbi  at  Frankfort-on-m.,  d. 
1849. — S.  Francolm,  preacher  and  author,  d. 
1852. — Genrich  A.  Schapiro,  Eussian  physician  and  professor,  b. 
18G1. — Bernhard  Beer,  Jewish  author,  Dresden,  d. 
1878. — The  Congress  of  Berlin  enforces  political  equality  of  Rou- 
manian Jews. 

2. 

1453. — Alvaro  de  Luna,  Spanish  statesman  beheaded. 
1805. — Joseph  v.  Hirsch,  financier,  father  of  Moritz  v.  Hirsch,  b. 
1812. — Sigism.  Stern,  pedagogue  and  Reform  author,  Karge,  b. 
1828. — Joseph    linger,    Austrian    jurist    and    statesman,    convert, 

Vienna,  b. 
1833. — Francis  H.  Goldsmid,  first  Jew  in  England  admitted  to  the 

bar. 
18G3. — Isaak  Benjacob,  bibliographer,  Wilna,  d. 
1871. — Anglo-Jewish  association  founded. 


1840. — Mansion  House  assembly  protests  against  Damascus  affair. 
1844. — Dankmar  Adler,  archi-tect,  Stadt  Lengsfeld,  b. 
1867. — Jacob  Lobl,  philanthropist,  Bucharest,  d. 
1869. — Religious  freedom  proclaimed  in  Germany. 
1904. — Theodor  Herzl.  Zionist  leader,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — JULY.  (i"^ 


1349._Jehudah  ben  Asher,  Talmudist,  Toledo,  d. 
1632.— Isabella  Nunes  Alvarez,  Madrid,  burned. 
1842.— Hermann  Cohen,  philosopher,  professor,  b. 
1843. — Michael  Beer,  author,  Nancy,  d. 


1628.— Hendel  Bassewi,  benefactress,  Prague,  d. 

1832.— Ludwig  Eobert,  poet,  Baden-Baden,  d. 

1852.— Barney  Barnato,  South  African  mine-owner,  London,  b. 

1853. — Isaac  Levin  Auerbach,  preacher,  Breslau,  d. 

1857. — Baron  David  Gtinzburg,  Jewish  scholar,  b. 

1894.— Betty  Paoli  (Gliick),  poetess,  convert,  d. 

6. 

1348.— In  Tarega,  Spain,  over  three  hundred  people  killed. 

1624.— Hirsch  Luntschiitz  Darshan,  Prague,  d. 

1707._Samuel  ben  Alexander,  mathematician,  d. 

1733. — Senora  Alvarez  burnt. 

1743._Chajim  ibn  Attar,  Talmudic  writer,  Jerusalem,  d. 

1821. — Leone  Levi,  political  economist,  b. 

1842.— Nehemias  Trebitsch,  chief  rabbi  of  Moravia,  d. 

1846. — David  H.  Mueller,  Orientalist,  Buczacz,  b. 

1882.— Samuel  E.  Meyer,  rabbi,  Hanover,  d. 

1898. — Cornelius  Herz,  known  through  the  Panama  affair,  d. 

1899.— David  Kaufmann,  professor  Budapest  Seminary,  Karlsbad, 

d. 
1900. — Gustav  Born,  professor,  Breslau.  d. 


1754. — Aaron  Worms,  Talmudic  author,  b. 
1800. — Isaac  Daniel  Itzig,  communal  leader,  Berlin,  d. 
1836. — Imperial  decree  demands  of  the  rabbis  in  Galicia  secular 
education. 


68  MEMORABLE    DATES — JULY. 

1863. — Edward  Fischel,  journalist,  Paris,  d. 
1889. — Elias'Karpeles,  rabbi  and  author,  Vienna,  d. 
1891. — Ludwig  Chronegk,  German  actor,  d. 
1894. — Sir  Henry  Bayard,  Assyriologist,  d. 


1690. — Aaron  Teomim,  rabbi  at  Worms  and  Cracow,  d. 

1810. — G.  G.  Valentin,  physiologist,  professor  at  Berne,  b. 

1824. — K.  W.  Wisotzki,  Eussian  philanthropist,  b. 

1831. — Seligmann  Heller,  poet,  Raudnitz,  b. 

1852. — Moses  Benedict,  banker  and  philanthropist,  Stuttgart,  d. 

1863. — A.  B.  Piperno,  Hebrew  poet,  Leghorn,  d. 

1894.— Aug.  Dillmann,  exegete,  Berlin,  d. 


1391. — Jews  murdered  in  Valencia. 

1639. — Joseph  di  Trani,  Talmudic  author,  Constantinople,  d. 

1667. — Abraham  Athias,  burned  at  Cordova. 

1730. — Berman  Halberstadt,  Berent  Lehmann,  court  Jew,  d. 

1749. — Ezekiel  Katzenelnbogen,  rabbi,  Altona,  d. 

1791. — Samuel  Sar  Shalom  Finzi,  preacher,  Ferara,  d. 

1825. — Julius  Oppert,  Orientalist,  Hamburg,  b. 

1871. — Lelio  della  Torre,  professor  in  the  seminary,  Padua,  d. 

1890. — Immanuel  Ritter,  preacher  of  the  Reform  Cong.,  Berlin,  d. 

1893. — Israel  Joshua,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Kutno,  d. 

1902. — Marcus  Antokolski,  Russian  sculptor,  Homburg,  d. 

10. 

1773. — Meir  Teomim,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 

1787. — John  Emanuel  Veith,  convert,  famous  Catholic  preacher, 

Kuttenplan,  b. 
1818. — Joseph  Meyer,  professor  in  medicine,  Stralsund,  b. 
1874. — Giuseppe  Levi,  translator  of  the  Talmudic  Fables,  Vercelli, 

d. 


MEMORABLE   DATES — JULY.  69 

11. 

1605. — Abraham  Gawison,  Hebrew  poet,  Algiers,  d. 

1622. — Abraham  ben  David,   Talmudic   author,   Lemberg,   d. 

1865. — Elias  H.  Lindo,  JeM'ish  historian,  London,  d. 

12. 

1753. — Moses  Dobruska,  poet,  convert,  Briinn,  b. 

1814. — Law  regarding  Isr.  Kerkgenootschap  issued,  Holland. 

1845. — Hen.  Wergeland,  champion  of  Jewish  rights  in  Norway,  d. 

1880. — Isaac    Pereire,    French    financier,    Armainvilliers,    d. 

1896. — Moritz  Kirstein,  communal  leader,  physician,  Berlin,  d. 

1899. — Israel  Hildesheimer,  President  of  the  orthodox  seminary, 
Berlin,  d. 

1900. — Joseph  Oppenheim,  journalist,  political  economist,  Vien- 
na, d. 

13. 

1105. — Solomon  Isaaki,  Eashi,  d. 

1788. — Isaac  Formegini,  advocate  of  secular  education,  Trieste,  d. 

1816. — Gustav   Freytag,   German   poet,   writer   of   Jewish   charac* 

ters,  b. 
1843. — Ehenish  states  petition  for  the  emancipation  of  the  Jews. 
1846. — Opening  of  the  Kabbinieal   Conference  at   Breslau. 

14. 

1683  — Nathan  Nata  ben  Moses,  murdered  at  Ungarisch  Brod. 

1748. — Queen  Maria  Theresa  repeals  the  order  for  the  expulsion  of 
the  Jews  from  Bohemia. 

1785. — Mordecai  M.  Noah,  the  first  Zionist,  Philadelphia,  b. 

1818. — Wolf  Boskowitz  (Low),  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Bony- 
had,  d. 

1835. — Leo  Lewanda,  Russian  Jewish  writer,  b. 

1851. — August  Neander  (David  Mendel),  church  historian,  d. 

1862. — Ludwig  Fulda.  poet,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 


70  MEMORABLE    DATES — JULY. 

1863. — Political  equality  of  the  Jews  of  Holstein  promulgated. 
1899. — ^Jeanette  Schwerin,  champion  of  the  rights  of  women,  d. 

15. 

1572. — Isaac  Luria,  Kabbalist,  d. 

1811. — Moses  Wassermann,  rabbi,  Stuttgart,  b. 

184:1. — Jacob  Kaplan,  Hebrew  author,  d. 

1843. — Louis   Marcus,   archaeologist,   Paris,   d. 

1845. — Eabbinical   Conference  at   Frankfort-on-M.   opened. 

1900. — S.  Kristeller,  communal  leader,  Berlin,  d. 

1901. — Ferd.  Caspary,  mathematician,  Berlin,  d. 

16. 

1829. — G.  I.  Ascoli,  philologist,  Trieste,  b. 

1836. — Isidor  Eosenthal,  physiologist,   b. 

1891. — Lewin  Goldschmidt,  professor,  jurist,  Berlin,  d. 

1900. — I.  Brasch,  painter,  d. 

17. 

1349. — Jews  burned  at  Meiningen, 

1728. — Ephraim  Kohen,  rabbi,  Modena,  d. 

1793. — Ludwig  van  Meseritz,  Dutch  statesman,  b. 

1831. — Meir  Polak,  grammarian,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1840. — Isaac  Leonini  Azulay,   Spanish  poet,  London,  d. 

1841. — Moses  Teitelbaum,  Chassidic  rabbi,  S.  A.,  Ujhely,  d. 

18. 

1255. — Moses  Abulafia  ben  Meir  Halevi,  physician,  Toledo,  d. 

1775. — Karl  v.  Eotteck,  historian  and  anti-semite,  b. 

1819.— Jeh.  Bchak,  Talmudic  author,  d. 

1836. — Nathan  Eothschild,  founder  of  the  London  house,  d. 

1873. — David  Salamons,  champion  of  the  civil  rights  of  the  Jews 

in  England,  d. 
1889. — Wolf  Frankenburger,  Bavarian  politician,  Nureml)erg,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — JULY.  71 

19. 

1263. — Disputation  at  Barcelona. 

1510. — Thirty-eight  martyrs  burned  in  Berlin. 

20. 

1633. — Nathan  Ifata  Spira,  rabbi  and  author,  Cracow,  d. 
1722. — Jehuda  Briel,  Italian  author,  d. 
1779. — David  Frankel,  editor  of  Sulamith,  b. 
1801. — Bernhard  Beer,  Jewish  author,  Dresden,  b. 
1808. — Napoleon's  decree  regarding  the  Jews. 
1819. — H.  B.  Oppenheim,  German  politician  and  political  econo- 
mist, b. 
1822. — Jacob  Landau,  son  of  Ezekiel,  Brody,  d. 
1832. — A.  L.  Davids,  author  of  a  Turkish  grammar,  London,  d. 

21. 

1498. — Decree  concerning  the  expulsion  of  the  Jews  from  Nurem- 
berg promulgated. 

1718. — Shabbetai  Bass,  publisher  and  author,  d. 

1805. — Jisai  Berr  Bing,  champion  of  the  emancipation  of  the  Jews 
in  France,  d. 

1821. — Julius  von  Eeuter,  founder  of  the  telegraph  bureau,  con- 
vert, Kassel,  b. 

1841. — A.  S.  Levy,  mathematician,  Paris,  d. 

1846. — Benedict  Schott,  principal  of  the  Jacobson  school,  d. 

1901. — Isaac  Mautner,  manufacturer,  Nachod,  d. 

22. 

1209. — A  day  of  trouble  for  the  Jews  in  France. 
1306. — A  day  of  trouble  for  the  Jews  in  France. 
1798.— Meir  Schiff,  Talmudical  author,  d. 
1810. — Abraham  Abrahamson,  engraver,  Berlin,  d. 
1817. — Lazare  Wogue,  theological  writer,  b. 


72  MEMORABLE   DATES — JULY. 

1823. — Ludwig  Bamberger,  member  of  the  Keichstag,  b. 
1885. — David  Honigman,  novelist,  Breslau,  d. 
1890. — Moritz  Duschak,  rabbi  and  author,  Vienna,  d. 
1895. — Eudolph  Gneist,  defender  of  Jewish  rights,  d. 

23. 

1298. — Massacre  of  the  Jews  in  Wiirzburg. 

1626. — Shabbetai  Zebi,  pseudo-Messiah,  b. 

1832. — Ad.  Pollitzer,  musician,  b. 

1847. — Prussian  law  referring  to  the  Jews  issued. 

1854. — Leopold  Dick,  painter,  Kaiserlautern,  d. 

1885. — U.  S.  Grant,  President  of  the  United  States,  known  by  an 

anti-Jewish  order,  d. 
1892. — Captain  Meyer,  victim  of  anti-semitism,  died  in  duel. 
1903. — Benj.  Leop.  Farjeon,  English  novelist,  d. 

24. 

1636. — Elijah  Loans,  Hebrew  author,  d. 
1716. — Massacre  of  Jews  in  Posen. 
1894. — Eabbi  Goldmann,  Eschwege,  d. 

25. 

1196 — Jews  killed  in  Lyons. 

1644. — Jews  burnt  in  Valladolid. 

1644. — Alarcon,  a  proselyte,  burned  in  Valladolid. 

1739.— John.   Chr.  Wolf,  bibliographer,  d. 

1818. — Alb.  Sassoon,  financier,  Bombay,  b. 

1840. — Jacob  Lazard,  member  of  Sanhedrin  under  Napoleon  I.,  d. 

1880. — Moses  Lattes,  Jewish  historian,  d. 

1894. — Isidor  Cohnstein,  writer  on  medicine,  Berlin,  d. 

1900. — J.  Levitan,  painter,  Moscow,  d. 

26. 

1799.— 0.  L.  B.  Wolff,  poet,  convert,  Altona,  b. 
1806. — Assembly  of  Jewish  notables  opened  in  Paris. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — JULY.  73 

1815. — Eobert  Eemak,  medical  professor,  Poscn,  b. 

1844. — Karl  Streckfuss,  writer  on  Jewish  emancipation,  d. 

1856. — Eiseck  Graber,  Hebrew  author,  b. 

1858. — Lionel  Eothschild,  admitted  into  the  English  Parliament. 

1887. — Lionel  Lonis  Cohen,  M.  P.,  London,  d. 

1893.— Paul  d'  Abrest  (Cohn),  writer,  d. 

1894. — Ed.  Tauwitz,  composer,  Prague,  d. 

27. 

1656. — Spinoza  excommunicated. 

1671. — Abraham  Fonseca,  rabbinical  author,  Hamburg,  d. 

1782. — Jacob  Chasak,  Hebrew  author,  Padua,  d. 

1808. — S.  Formstecher,  rabbi,  Offenbach,  b. 

1825. — Jacob  Salomon  Bartholdy,  diplomat,  convert,  d. 

1840. — Edward    Arbib,    Italian    politician    and    writer,    Florence, 

d. 
1855 — Solomon  von  Rothschild,  financier,  Vienna,  d. 
1870. — Hermann  Hersch,  dramatist,  Berlin,  d. 
1874. — Anselm  Solomon  von  Rothschild,  financier,  Vienna,  d. 

28. 

1639. — Aaron  Berechya,  writer  on  liturgy,  Modena,  d. 

1789. — Meir  Barby,  rabbi,  Presburg,  d. 

1858. — Benoit  Fould,  French  politician,  d. 

1876. — Prussian  "Austrittsgesetz'''  issued. 

1883. — Ad.  Ginsberg,  painter,  d. 

1885. — Moses  Montefiore,  the  great  philanthropist,  d. 

1899. — Emil  Breslaur,  composer,  Berlin,  d. 

29. 

1384.— 200  Jews  killed  in  Nordlingen. 
1612. — Abraham  de  Portalcone,  Talmudic  author,  d. 
1829. — Chajim  N".  Dcnibitzer,  Jewish  historian,  Cracow,  b. 
1849. — Max  Nordau,  writer  and  Zionistic  leader,  b. 


74  .^MEMORABLE    DATES JULY. 

1893. — Julius  Aronius,  historian,  d. 

1895. — Jos.  Derembourg,  Orientalist,  d. 

1900. — Prince  Urusow,  champion  of  the  Eussian  Jews,  d. 

30. 

1576. — Moses  Provenzale,  rabbinical  author,  Mantua,  d. 
1836. — Gust.  Oppert,  philologist,  Hamburg,  b. 
1895. — Otto  von  Bismarck,  German  Chancellor  and  somewhat  of 
an  anti-semite,  d. 

31. 

1840. — Nachman  Krochmal,  Hebrew  author,  d. 

1876. — Joachim  L.  Lederer,  poet,  d. 

1886. — Solomon  Ganzfried,  rabbinical  author,  Unghvar,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST. 


VIII. 

AUGUST, 


1398. — Massacre  in  Niirenberg,  in  wliich  the  Talraudic  auflior, 
Mordecai  ben  Hillel,  and  tlie  liturgical  poet,  Abra- 
ham ben  Joseph,  were  slain. 

1641.— Charter  (Schntzbrief )  issued  by  which  the  congregation, 
of  Altona  was  founded. 

1789.— Abraham  Isaac  Castello,  poet  and  preacher,  Leghorn,  d.. 

1811. — A  decree  against  usury,  aimed  at  the  Jews,  issued  in  Sax- 
ony. 

18 57. —Abraham  Danon,  president  of  the  rabbinical  seminary  in 
Constantinople,  b. 

1875.— Samuel  Meyer,  raljln  and  author,  d. 

1887. — Isaac  Margolis,  Hebrew  author,  New  York,  d. 

1903.— Immanuel  ]\Iunk,  physiologist,  Berlin,  d. 

2. 

1371. — Three  hundred  Jews  killed  in  Mallorca. 

1492. — Emigration  of  the  Jews  from  Spain. 

1579. — Don  Joseph  Nasi,  Duke  of  Naxos,  Constantinople,  d. 

1675_ — Portuguese  synagogue  dedicated  in  Amsterdam. 

1784. — Simcha  Calimani,  rabbi  and  author,  Venice,  d. 

1794. — Nathan  Maass,  rabbi,  Frankfort- on -M.,  d. 

1803. — Moses  Bruck  (Briick)  reform  author,    IMahr  Woisskircben, 

b. 
1819. — Riots  against  the  Jews  at  Wiirzburg. 


76  MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST. 

3. 

1603. — Tamar  Barocas  and  Diego  de  la  Ascension,  burnt  by  Inqui- 
sition at  Lisbon. 

1830. — Moses  Joseph  Spiro,  rabbi  and  Talniudic  author,  Kanitz, 
Moravia,  d. 

1836. — Carl  Asser,  statesman,  Dutch  Council  (Staatsrath),  Am- 
sterdam, d. 

1839. — Dorothea  Schlegel,  daughter  of  Moses  Mendelssohn,  d. 

1890. — Emil  Levy,  artist,  Paris,  d. 

1891, — Leopold  Dukes,  Jewish  author,  Vienna,  d. 

1903. — Adolph  Landau,  editor  of  the  "Woschod,"  Berlin,  d. 


70. — Temple  burnt  at  Jerusalem. 
1724. — Samson  Wertheimer,  charitable  "Hofjude,"  Vienna,  d. 
1817. — Max  Ring,  German  poet,  Zauditz,  d. 
1828. — Ephraim  Salman  Margulies,  rabbinical  author,  Brody,  d. 
1842. — Isaac  Hartvig,  philanthropist,  Hamburg,  d. 
1891. — Salvatore  de  Benedette,  professor  and  Italian  Jewish  au- 
thor, Pisa,  d. 


1391. — Massacre  of  Jews  at  Barcelona. 

1620. — Menahem  Azariah   da  Fano,   Talmudical   and   Cabbalistic 

author,  Pisa,  d. 
1784. — Isaac  Samuel  Eeggio,  Hebrew  writer,  Gorice,  b. 
1820. — Meyer  Carl  v.  Eothschild,  member  of  German  Eeichstag, 

Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 
1831.— Joseph  Veit,  Hebrew  author,  Berlin,  d. 
1839. — Jacob  Ornstein,  rabln  and  Talnuulical  autlior,  Lemberg.  d. 
1842. — Michael    Creizenach,   Reform   writer,   Frankfort-on-M.,   d. 
1865. — Naphtali  Keller,  Hebrew  author,  Roznau,  d. 
1889. — Fanny  Lewald,  novelist,  convert,  Dresden,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST.  77 


1243. — Massacre  of  Jews  at  Kitzingen. 
1775. — Daniel  O'Connell,  champion  of  the  Jews,  Ireland,  b. 
1787. — Solomon  L.  Steinheim,  M.  D.,  and  author,  Altona,  b. 
1799. — Marcus  Eliezer  Bloch,  ichthyologist,  Karlsbad,  d. 

7. 

1776. — Joseph   Steinhart,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Piirth,   d. 
1839. — Bernhard  Freiherr  v.  Eskeles,  banker,  Vienna,  d. 
18()8. — S.  Rosenthal,  bibliophile,  Hanover,  d. 
1885. — Baron  Jacob  Treves,  financier  and  benefactor,  Venice,  d. 
1887. — Edward  Goldstein,  musician,  Leipzig,  d. 
1898. — George  Ebers,  novelist,  descendant  of  Veitel  Heine  Ephraim, 
d. 

8. 

1820. — Julius  Stern,  composer,  Breslau,  b. 
1886. — Gedalja  Tiktin,  rabbi,  Breslau,  d. 

9. 

1821. — Heinrich   Landesman,   author    (Hieronymus   Lorm),   Nik- 

olsburg,  b. 
1826. — Meir  Kurnik,  chronologist,  Hamburg,  d. 
1827. — Mendel  Hess,  reformer,  rabbi  at  Lengsfeld,  d. 
1902. — Moritz  Szeps,  editor,  Vienna,  d. 

10. 

1728. — Jehuda  Mazliach  Padova,  rabbi  Modena,  d. 
1794. — Leopold  Zunz,  Detmold,  b. 

1810. — Simon  Bloch,  founder  of  "Univers  Israelite,"  b. 
1819. — Julius  Landsberger,  rabbi  and  author,  b. 
1843. — Jacob  Fr.  Fries,  professor  at  Jena,  anti-somite,  d. 
1851. — IT.  E.  G.  Paulus,  rationalistic  theologian  and  anti-semitc, 
d. 


78  MEMORABLE    DATES — ^AUGUST. 

1861. — Frederick   Julius    Stahl,   conservative   politician   and   con- 
vert, d. 

1893. — Xaphtali  Zebi  Jeliuda  Berlin,  President  of  the  "Jeshiba"  at 
Woloshin,  d. 

11. 

1667. — Jonah  Abravanel,  poet,  Amsterdam,  d. 

12. 

1807. — Michael  Levy,  industrial  leader  and  Hebraist,  b. 
1825. — Moses  ]\Iielziner,  writer  on  Jewish  subjects,  Schubin,  b. 
1829. — Marcus  Benedict,  chief  rabbi  of  Moravia,  Karlsbad,  d. 
1855. — Eleazar  Morpurgo,  Hebrew  translator,  A-^enice,  d. 
1900. — William  Steinitz,  chess  player,  New  York,  d. 

13. 

1453. — Saint    Capistrano    had    Jews    burnt    at    Schweidnitz    and 

Liegnitz. 
1831. — Solomon  Jadassohn,  musical  writer,  Breslau,  b. 
1851. — Felix  Adler,  founder  of  ethical  culture  society,  Alze}^  b. 
1865. — William  Wolfson,  poet,  Dresden,  d. 
1890. — ]Sr.  N.  Coronel,  publisher  of  rabbinical  works,  d. 
1900. — Wladimir  Solowjew,  advocate  of  the  Eussian  Jews,  d. 
1902. — Eduard  Halban,  Austrian  statesman   (Blumenstock),  con« 

vert,  Gastein,  d. 

14. 

1779. — Xehemiah  Trebitsch,  chief  rabbi  of  Moravia,  Prague,  b. 
1814. — Maier  Zipser,  Hungarian  rabbi  and  author,  b. 

15. 

1762. — Moses  Frankfurt,  publisher  of  the  rabbinical  Bible,  Am- 
sterdam, d. 
1831. — Moses  ]\Iunz,  rabbi  and  Talmudical  author,  Altofen,  d. 
1838. — Moses  Moser,  Heine's  friend,  Lippchne,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST.  79 

1853.— Basilius  (Bezalel)  Stern,  pedagogue,  Odessa,  d. 
18S7._Meier  Aaron  Goldschmidt,  Danish  ghetto  novelist,  d. 

16. 
1599. — Isaac  Menahem  ben  Isaac,  rabbi  and  author,  Cracow,  d. 
1G48. — Joshua  ben  Joseph,  rabbinical  author,  Cracow,  d. 
1664._John  Buxtorf,  Jr.,  learned  Christian  Hebraist,  Basel,  d. 
181G. — John  Jahn,  rationalistic  Catholic  exegete,  d. 
1838. — Laws  regulating  the  condition  of  the  Jews  issued  in  Sax- 
ony. 
1840. — Herman  Shapira,  mathematician,  b. 
1842. — Jacob  Rosanes,  German  mathematician,  Brody,  b. 
1843.— Jacob  Epstein,  philanthropist,  Warsaw,  d. 
1868. — J^eubcn  Wundcrbar,  pedagogue  and  author,  Mitau,  d. 

17. 

1550.— Meshullam    Horowitz,    builder    of    'Tinkas    Synagogue," 

Prague,  d. 
1786. — Frederick  the  Great,  freethinker  and  anti-semite,  Potsdam, 

d. 
1901. — Leonard  Sachs,  son  of  Michael  Sachs,  communal  worker, 

Berlin,  d. 
1902. — Sal.  Jehuda  Sachs,  Russian  manufacturer  and  Maecenas  oi 

Jewish  literature,   Homburg,  d. 

18. 

1882. — Jacob  Leon  Wertheim,  Dutch  poet,  d. 
1892. — Elise  Henle,  German  poetess,  d. 

19. 

16-54. — Lipman  Heller,  "Tausvcs  Youtew,"  Cracow,  d. 
1800. — Michael  Beer,  German  poet,  Berlin,  b. 
1800. — Wolf  Davidson,  playwright,  Berlin,  d. 
1872. — Carl  Feust,  prominent  attorney,  Bavaria,  d. 


80  MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST. 

1888. — Meyer  Isler,  historian,  Hamburg,  d. 

1900. — Emilie  Ludwig  (Levy),  juvenile  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

20. 

1153. — Bernhard   of    Clairveaux,    defender   of   Jews    against   the 

Crusaders,  d. 
1820. — Ferdinand  Falkson,  M.  D.,  and  writer,  Konigsberg,  b. 

21. 

1802. — Hirsch  B.  Fassel,  rabbi  and  author,  Boscowitz,  b. 

1811. — Joseph  Derenbourg,  Orientalist,  Mayence,  b. 

1852. — Marchand  Ennery,  Grand  Eabbin  of  France,  Paris,  d. 

1868.— Hirsch  Eisenstadt,  author  of  "Pitche  Teshuba,"  d. 

1872. — David  Calisch,  humorist,  Berlin,  d. 

1893. — Law  prohibiting  the  Shechitah  passed  in  Switzerland. 

22. 

1400. — Massacre  of  Jews  at  Prague.  Seventy-seven  Jews  killed. 
1484. — Jews  at  Tyrnau  biirnt. 

1694. — Samuel  Aboab,  rabbi  and  Talmudical  author,  Venice,  d. 
1718. — Samuel  David  Ottelengo,  rabbi  and  author,  Padua,  d. 
1791. — John  David  Michaelis,  Christian  Hebraist,  Gottingen,  d. 
1800. — Sam.   D.  Luzzatto,  prominent  Jewish   scholar,   Trieste,  b. 
1853. — Abraham  Belais,  "Hacham''  and  author,  London,  d. 
1860. — Solomon  Friedlander,  Eeform  rabbi,  Chicago,  d. 
1860. — Samuel  Holdheim,  leader  of  radical  Eeform,  Berlin,  d. 
1863. — Joseph  Levin  Saalschiitz,  preacher  and  professor,  Konigs- 
berg, d. 
1903. — Joseph  Josephson,  Hebrew  author,  Paris,  d. 

23. 

1349. — Massacre  of  Jews  at  Mayence. 

1773. — Jacob  F.  Fries,  professor  and  anti-semitic  author,  ]). 


MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST.  81 

1799. — Kopel  Theben,  leader  of  Hungarian  orthodoxy,  Prague,  d. 
1805. — Anton  v.  Schmerling,  liberal  Austrian  statesman  and  some- 
what of  an  anti-semite,  b. 
1808. — J.  L.  Lederer,  dramatist,  Prague,  b. 
1819. — Simon   Szanto,  prominent  journalist,  b. 
1885. — Marcus  M.  Kalisch,  writer  of  an  English  commentary  on 

the  Pentateuch,  d. 
1887. — P.  F.  Frankl,  rabbi  at  Berlin,  and  scientific  author,  d. 

34. 

1424. — Jews  banished  from  Cologne. 
1811. — Herz  Homberg,  "Biurist,"  Prague,  d. 
1844. — Aaron  Chorin,  first  Eeform  rabbi,  Arad,  d. 
1886. — Wolf    Landau,    rabbi,    Dresden,    d. 
1900. — Elchanan  Verveer,  artist.  The  Hague,  d. 

25. 

1613. — David  Gans,  Jewish  historian,  Prague,  d. 

1744. — J.  Gr.  Herder,  lover  of  Hebrew  poetry,  b. 

1798. — Henrik  Herz,  Danish  poet,  b. 

1867. — Levi  Bodenheimer,  rabbi  and  author,  Krefeld,  d. 

1886. — Ludwig  Todesco,  delegate  to  Bohemian  Landtag,  Prague, 

d. 
1895. — A.  Wiener,  rabbi  and  author,  d. 
1900. — Ch.  D.  Lippe,  bibliographer,  Vienna,  d. 
1900. — Fr.  Wilh.  Nietzsche,  philosopher,  opponent  of  anti-semit- 

ism,  d. 
1903. — Jacques  Kissim  Pasha,  Turkish  surgeon-general,  Salonica, 

d. 

26. 

1800. — Hinschel  Levin,  rabbi,  Berlin,  d. 

1828. — Otto  Henne  am  Ehyn,  anti-semitic  writer  on  History  of  Cul- 
ture, b.  * 
1853. — Meno  Burg,  Prussian  major,  Berlin,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST. 


27. 


181G. — Alex.  Zederbamii,  Hebrew  author,  b. 
1887. — Charles  Wiener,  engraver,  Brussels,  d. 

28. 

1?66. — Simon  v.  Liimmel,  financier,  Tuschkau,  b. 

1799. — Immanuel  Wohlwill,  pedagogue  and  writer,  Harzgerode,  b. 

1883. — Solomon  Plessner,  leader  of  Neo-Orthodoxy,  Posen,  d. 

29. 

1339. — Abraham  ibn  Shoshau,  Talmudical  writer,  Toledo,  d. 

1435. — Paulus,  Bishop  of  Burgos,  hater  of  the  Jews,  convert,  d. 

1729. — Moses  Benjamin  Wulff,  court  Jew  at  Dessau,  d. 

1843. — Ludwig  Levin  Jacobson,  physician,  Copenhagen,  d. 

1855. — Isaac  Samuel  Keggio,  Gorz,  d. 

1865. — Eobert  Eemak,  physician  and  professor  at  Berlin,  Kissin- 

gen,  d. 
1870. — Lazarus  Geiger,  prominent  philologist,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1882. — Fr.   Ad.   Philippi,  convert,  orthodox  Lutheran  theologian, 

d. 
1885. — Bernhard  Horwitz,  Chess  player,  d. 
1897.— First  Zionist  Congress  held  at  Basil. 
1900. — Sir  Saul  Samuel,  Austrian  politician,  London,  d. 

30. 

1658. — Zebi  Ashkenasi,  Chacham  Zebi,  1). 
1813. — Lavid  Anschel  Meyer,  Danish  patriot,  Copenhagen,  d. 
1829. — G.  Adersbach,  physician  and  Jewish  poet,  New  Orleans,  d. 
18G6. — Hermann  Goldschmidt,  painter  and  astronomer,  Fontaine- 

bleau,  d. 
1882. — Abraham  Stein,  preacher  aud  author,  Prague,  d. 
1889. — Gustav  Weil,  Orientalist,  Freiburg,  Breisgau,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — AUGUST.  83 

31. 

IGT;). — Chtjim  Benvenisti,  rabbi   and  Talmiidic  author,   Smyrna, 

d. 
1864. — Ferdinand  Lasalle,  socialistic  agitator,  Geneva,  d. 
1886. — Franz  Liszt,  pianist,  anti-semite,  Bayreuth,  d. 
1900. — Ferdinand  Falkson,  Konigsberg,  d.     (See  August  20.) 


84  MEMORABLE     DATES SEPTEMBER. 

IX. 

SEPTEMBER. 

1. 

1614. — Fettmilch's  uprising  against  the  Jews  in  Frankfort-on-M. 
1761. — H.  E.  G.  Paulus,  rationalistic  theologian  and  anti-semite, 

b. 
1833. — A.  Asher,  translator  of  Benjamin  of  Tudela,  Venice,  d. 
1876. — F.  Lebrecht,  Jewish  scholar,  Berlin,  d. 
1903. — Bernard  Lazare,  champion  of  Judaism  against  anti-semit- 

ism,  Paris,  d. 


1788. — Isaac    Baer    Loewinsohn,     leader    in    culture    movement 

among  Jews  in  Eussia,  Kremenitz,  b. 
1795. — Emancipation  of  the  Jews  in  Holland. 
1807. — Hirsch  Zamosz,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Altona,  d. 
1825. — Corner-stone  of  M.  M.  Noah's  Jewish  state  laid  at  Buffalo. 
1831. — Daniel  L.  Lessmann,  German  poet,  convert  (suicide),  d. 
1898. — Moses  Angel,  principal  of  the  Jews'  free  school,  London,  d. 


1582. — Isaac  Spira,  father-in-law  of  Meir  Lublin,  Cracow,  d. 

1658. — Oliver  Cromwell,  friend  of  the  Jews,  d. 

1814. — J.  J.  Sylvester,  English  mathematician,  b. 

1883. — Loon  Tlfdevy,  French  Literateur,  d. 

1889. — Joseph  von  Weilen.  dramatic  author,  convert,  Vienna,  d. 

4. 

1788. — Samuel  lesi,  engraver,  Correggio,  b. 

1808. — Michael  Sachs,  rabbi  and  author.  Gross  Glogau,  b. 

1843. — B.  L.  Ullmann,  translator  of  the  Koran,  rabbi,  Crefeld,  d. 


MEMORABLE   DATES — SEPTEMBEU.  85 

1878.— Sol.  Geiger,  Abraham  Geiger's  orthodox  brother,  Frankfort- 
on-M.,  d. 


1G29.— Jehuda  Saltaro  da  Fano,  Talmudic  author,  Venice,  d. 
1764— Henrietta  Herz,  leader  of  the  Berlin  "Salon,"  b. 
1818.— Joseph  Haltern,  translator  into  Hebrew,  Berlin,  d. 
1829. Hillel    Noah    ^laggid     Steinschneider,    Jewish    historian, 

Schnirpschak,  b. 
1853. — George  Depping,  Jewish  historian,  d. 
1858. — W.  G.  Saphir,  satirist,  convert,  d. 
1888.— Kaphael  Kirchheim,  scholar  and  author,  Frankfort-on-M., 

d. 
1902.— Kudolf  Virchow,  opponent  of  anti-semitism,  Berlin,  d. 


6. 

1713.— Hirsch  Spitz,  Talmudic  author,  Worms,  d. 

1781. — Solomon  Salem,  rabbi  in  Amsterdam,  d. 

1783. — Wolf  Nathan,  writer  of  exegetical  works,  d. 

1848. — Abraham  Kohn,  rabbi  in  Lemberg,  poisoned. 

1880. — Edward  Oppler,  architect,  d. 

1888. — Jacob  Neuschotz,  philanthropist,  Jassy,  d. 

1898. — Simon  Fubini,  professor  and  medical  author,  Turin,  d. 

1902.— Albert  Friinkel,  editor  of  the  "Gartenlaube,"  Leipzig,  d. 


1677. — Francis  Haselbauer,  Jesuit  missionary  and  censor,  Frauen- 

berg,  b. 
1814. — Ludwig  Kalisch,  humorous  writer,  Lissa,  d. 
1882. — David  Joel,  "Seminarrabbiner,"  Breslau,  d. 
1891. — Hirsch  Graetz,  historian,  Munich,  d. 
1893.— Alex.  Zederbaum,  Hebrew  editor,  St.  Petersburg,  d. 


86  MEMORABLE   DATES — SEPTEMBER. 


1560. — Eight  living  Jews  and  a  corpse  burnt  in  Murcia. 

1861. — Jacob  Leon  Aronsohn,  Universit}'  professor,  Strassbnrg,  d. 

9. 

1774. — Solomon  von  Eothschild,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 

1809. — Bruno  Bauer,  radical  theologian  and  anti-semite,  b. 

1845. — Ignatz  Acsady,  Hungarian  historian,  b. 

1851. — L.  Weyl,  humorous  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

1861. — Samuel  Eomanin,  historian,  Venice,  d. 

1894. — Brugsch  Pasha,  Egyptologist,  d. 

1899. — Drevfus  condemned  for  a  second  time. 


10. 


1671. — Berlin  congregation  founded. 

1676. — Shabbethai  Zebi,  the  pseudo-Messiah,  d. 

1691. — Edw.  Pococke,  Christian  Hebraist,  d. 


11. 

1400. — Three  Jews  burnt  in  Prague. 

1823. — David  Eicardo,  member  of  Parliament,  and  political  econ- 
omist, convert,  d. 
1860. — Siegfried  Hirsch,  convert,  historian,  anti-semite,   d. 
1886. — Ludwig  Lowe,  member  of  the  Eeichstag,  d. 
1893. — Opening  of  the  Parliament  of  Eeligions  in  Chicago. 

12. 

1597. — Eirst  place  of  worship  opened  in  Amsterdam. 

1695. — Jacob  Abendana,  chacham  and  Talmudic  author,  London, 

d. 
1736. — David  Oppenheimer,  owner  of  the  famous  library,  Prague, 

d. 
1812. — Eeuben  Wunderbar,  Jewish  author,  Mitau,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — SEPTEMBER.  87 

1820. — Abraham    Danziger,   author   of   popular    ritualistic   works, 

Wilna,  d. 
1903. — Fabian  Jolles,  Hebrew  author,  Vienna,  d. 

13. 

1647. — De  Castro  Tartas,  Lisbon,  burnt  at  the  stake. 

1690. — Meir  Grotwohl,  rabbi,  Koblenz,  d. 

1721. — Emanuel  Oppenheimer,  banker,  Vienna,  d. 

1783. — Ignaz  Jeiteles,  author,  Prague,  b. 

1813. — Joseph  Eotvos,  advocate  of  Jewish  emancipation,  b. 

1828. — Israel  Jacobson,  philanthropist,  Berlin,  d. 

1847.— Isaac  Lob  Wormser,  the  "Baal  Shem"  of  Michelstadt,  d. 

1883. — Abraham  Jacob   (Friedmann),  wonder-rabbi,  Sadagora,  d. 

14. 

1427.— Jacob  Halevi,  "Maharil,"  Worms,  d. 

1792. — August  Lewald,  author,  convert,  Konigsberg,  b. 

1903. — Massacre  in  Homel,  b. 

15. 

1746. — Solomon  Hanau,  Hebrew  grammarian,  Hanover,  d. 
1758. — Akiba  Eger  the  elder,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author.  Press- 
burg,  d. 
1780. — Eoderiguez  Pereira,  teacher  of  the  deaf  and  dumb,  Paris,  d. 
1780. — Jonas  Daniel  Meyer,  jurist,  Arnheim,  b. 
1824  — Moriz  Lazarus,  philosopher,  Filehne,  b. 
1834. — Heinrich  von  Treitschke,  historian  and  anti-semite,  b. 

16. 

1390. — King  Wenzel  annuls  debts  due  to  Jews. 
1498.— Thomas  Torquemada,  grand  inquisitor,  d. 
1747. — Joh.  Ludw.  Ewald,  evangelical  pastor,  advocate  of  Jewish 
emancipation,  b. 


88  MEMORABLE   DATES — SEPTEMBER. 

1777, — Nathan  von  Eothschild,  founder  of  the  London  house  of 

Eothschild,  b. 
1843. — Ezekiel  Hart,  Canadian  politician,  d. 
1847. — Grace  Aguilar,  English  poetess,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1851. — 0.  L.  B.  Wolff,  poet,  "Improvisator,"  convert,  Jena,  d. 
I860. — Solomon  J.  Solomon,  artist,  London,  b. 
1884. — Jacob  Nathansohn,  medical  author,  Warsaw,  d. 
1888. — Lazare  Isidor,  chief  rabbi  of  France,  d. 
1895. — Moriz  Brasch,  philosophic  writer,  d. 

17. 

1394. — Order  issued  to  exile  Jews  from  France. 
1485. — Peter  Arbues  the  "Saint,"  blind  inquisitor,  d. 
1609. — Lowe  ben  Bezalel,  rabbi  and  author,  Prague,  d. 
1800.— jSTathan  Adler,  mystic,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1832. — Carl  Storck,  professor  of  medicine,  Ofen,  b. 
1835. — Ernst  E.  Eosenmiiller,  learned  exegete,  d. 
1855. — Moses  Mocatta,  Jewish  author,  London,  d. 

18. 

1610. — Hendel  ben  Shemarya,  rabbinical  author,  Lemberg,  d. 
1693.— Jacob  Zalialon,  rabbi  and  medical  author,  Feuara,  d. 
1764. — Jonathan  Eybeschiitz,  rabbi  and  author,  Altona,  d. 
1824.— Jacob  Bernays,  philologist,  Hamburg,  b. 
1879. — Meir  Leibush  Malbim,  celebrated  rabbinical  author,  Kiew, 

d. 
1890. — Benjamin  Peixotto,  American  diplomat.  New  York,  d. 
1903. — Eugene  Merzbacher,  author  on  numismatics,  Munich,  d. 

19. 

1495. — Isaac  Stein,  rabbinical  author,  Eatisbon,  d. 
1659. — Israel  and  Tobias,  martyred  in  Eushony. 
1666. — Jacob  Cansino,  author,  Oran,  d. 
1781. — Poll-tax  abolished  in  Austria. 

1812.— Maier  Eothschild,  founder  of  the  house,  Frankfort-on-M., 
d. 


MEMORABLE   DATES — SEPTEMBER.  89 

1820. — Bezalel  Eanschburg  (called  Daniel  Eosenbaum),  Talmudic 

author,  Prague,  d. 
1825. — Edward    Horn    (Ignaz    Einhorn),    Hungarian    statesman, 

Waag-Neustadtl,  b. 
1827. — Leo  Herzberg-Frankel,  ghetto  poet,  Brody,  b. 
1860. — Israel   Lipschitz,   rabbi   and  commentator   of  the   Mishna, 

Danzig,  d. 
18GG. — Jehuda  Scherschewsky,  teacher  at  the  rabbinical  school  at 

\Yilna,  Kowno,  d. 
1892. — Leon  Gordon,  Neo-Hebraic  poet,  d. 
1899. — Von  Scheurer-Kestner,  champion  of  Dreyfus,  d. 
1899. — Charles  Daly,  historian  of  the  American  Jews,  New  York, 

d. 
1902. — Isaac  Eiilf,  rabbi,  author  and  philanthropist,  Bonn,  d. 


20. 

1487. — Gedaliah  Jachia,  Jewish  author,  Constantinople,  d. 

1788. — Karl  Streckfuss,  apologist  of  the  Jews,  but  of  anti-semitic 

leanings,  b. 
1816. — Hirsch  Horowitz,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Erankfort- 

on-M.,  d. 
1826. — Immanuel  Cappadoce,  leader  in  Jewish  congregational  life, 

Amsterdam,  d. 
1870. — Ghetto  in  Eome  abolished. 


21. 

1666. — Shabbetai  Zebi,  converted  to  Islam. 
1758. — Sylvester  de  Sacy,  Orientalist  and  friend  of  the  Jews,  b. 
1771. — Joseph  Samuel  Erey,  converted  American  Jewish  mission- 
ary, Maynstockheim,  b. 
1823. — Julius  von  Gomperz,  Austrian  Peer,  Briinn,  b. 
1871. — Mendel  Hess,  radical  Eeform  rabbi,  Eisenach,  d. 
1895. — David  Segre,  Italian  ambassador  to  Peru,  d. 


90  MEMORABLE   DATES — SEPTEMBER. 

23. 

1575. — Meir  Parenzo,  publisher  of  Hebrew  works,  Venice,  d. 

1769. — Abraham  Lissa,  rabbi,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1807. — Gottlieb  Schmelkes,  physician  and  author,  Prague,  b. 

1808. — Abraham  Abele  Kohen  of  Pinczow,  rabbinical  author,  d. 

1817. — Hermann  von  Zeissl,  medical  professor,  Vierzighuben,  b. 

1842. — Fr.  Cerfberr,  French  consul  in  America,  at  sea,  d. 

1862. — Heimann  Arnheim,  Jewish  author,  Glogau,  d. 

1896. — Saul  Kowner,  Eussian  medical  and  philosophical  author,  d. 

1902._Sol.  Cohen,  chief  rabbi  of  Mecklenburg,  Breslau,  d. 

1903. — Enrico  Guastalla,  Italian  patriot,  Milan,  d. 


23. 

1756. — Franz  Haselbauer,  Prague  (see  Sept.  7). 

1884. — Hermann  von  Zeissl,  University  professor,  Vienna,  d. 


24. 

1762. — Moses  Sofer,  rabbinical  author,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 
1814. — Albert  Cohn,  Orientalist  and  philanthropist,  Pressburg,  b. 
1841. — Abraham  Basch,  Neo-Hebraic  author,  Berlin,  d. 
1862. — Judith,  wife  of  Moses  Montefiore,  d. 
1880. — Oswald  Honigsmann,  Galician  politician,  d. 

25. 

467. — Mar  bar  Rab  Ashe,  head  of  school  in  Babylonia,  d. 

1809.— Meshullam  v.  Joel  Hakohen,  Talmudical  author,  Lemberg, 
d. 

1812. — Carl  Biederman,  Cliristian,  advocate  of  Jewish  emancipa- 
tion, Leipzig,  b. 

1812. — Isaac  Raphael  Finzi,  member  of  the  Parisian  Sanhedrin, 
Padua,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — SEPTEMBER.  91 

1885. — Isaac  Kromczyk,  Polish  Jewisli  autlior,  Warsaw^,  d. 
1887. — Joseph  Meyer,  physician,  University  professor,  Berlin,  d. 
1893. — Elias  Griinebaiim,  rabbi,  Landau,  d. 
1900. — Louis  Eatisbonne,  author,  Paris,  d. 

26. 

1729. — Moses  Mendelssohn,  Dessau,  b. 

1798. — M.  J.  Raphall,  American  preacher  and  author,  Stockholm, 

b. 
1890. — Max  Henoch,  mathematician,  Berlin,  d. 

37. 

1791. — Emancipation  of  the  Jews  in  France. 

1799. — Adat  Jeshurun  Reform  synagogue  in  Amsterdam  dedicated. 

1871. — Jacob  Herz,  physician,  professor  in  Erlangen,  d. 

1882.— Siegfried  Isaacson,  Prussian  historian,  d. 

1889. — M.  D.  Hofmann,  rabbi  and  author,  Ungarisch  Brod,  d. 

1891. — Sigmimd  T.  Stein,  medical  author,  Erankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1903. — Julius  Plotke,  philanthropist,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

28. 

1741. — Eleazar  of  Brody,  rabbi  of  Amsterdam,  Safed,  d. 
1775. — Eirst  Jewish  congregation  formed  in  Stockholm. 
1809. — Michel  Levy,  prominent  physician,  Strassburg,  b. 
1845. — Michael   Kitseer,  Talmudic   autlior,   Pressb\irg,  d. 
1903. — Ahr.  Levi,  murdered  by  anti-semites,  Stegers,  Prussia. 

29. 

1024. — Enoch  ben  Moses,  founder  of  Talmudic  study  in  Toledo,  d. 

1349. — Massacre  of  Jews  in  Krems. 

1757. — Fanny  Arnstein.  leader  of  the  Vienna  Salon,  Berlin,  b. 

1814. — Israel  ben  Shabbetai,  the  "Kozenicer  Maggid,"  d. 

1815. — Isaac  Luntschiitz,  rabbinic  author,  d. 

1828. — Aaron  Horwitz,  chassidic  author,  Straszydlov,  d. 


92  MEMORABLE    DATES — SEPTEMBER. 

1849. — Bar  Oppenheim,  Talmudic  author,  Pressburg,  d. 
1865. — Samuel  D.  Luzzatto,  versatile  Jewish  scholar,  Padua,  d. 
1865. — Therese  Warendorff,  religious  poetess,  Hamburg,  d. 
1902. — Bernhard  J.  Stockvis,  professor  of  medicine,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1902. — Emile  Zola,  advocate  of  the  cause  of  Dreyfus,  d. 

30. 

1701. — Portuguese  synagogue  dedicated  in  London. 

1782. — Tebele  Scheyer,  rabbi,  Mayence,  d. 

1873. — Benjamin  H.  Auerbach,  rabbi  and  author,  Halberstadt,  d. 

1892. — Michael  Erlanger,  philanthropist,  Paris,  d. 

1892. — Hector  Cremieux,  dramatist,  Paris,  d. 

1894. — Max  Bernstein,  professor,  jurist,  Berlin,  d. 

1896. — Samuel  Zebi  Peltin,  Polish  Jewish  author,  d. 


MEMORABLE   DATES OCTOBER.  93 


X. 

OCTOBER, 

1. 

1697. — Moses  Zakut,  Kabbalist  and  poet,  Mantua,  d. 

1801.— Zacharias  Frankel,  President  of  the  Seminary  at  Breslau, 

Prague,  b. 
1817.— Math.  Strasehun,  Maecenas  and  Talmudic  author,  Wilna, 

d. 
1831. — Eugene  Pereire,  financier  and  politician,  Paris,  b. 
1835. — Adam   PoUitzer,   professor   medicine   at   Vienna,    Albert!, 

Hungary,  b. 
1838. — Joseph  Perl,  champion  of  modern  culture,  Tamopol,  d. 
1858.— S.  N.  Ehlenberg,  rabbi,  Lemberg,  d. 
1902. — Bernhard  Abraham,  brigadier-general,  Paris,  d. 


1633.— Ephraim  Solomon  Shor,  author  of  "Thebuoth  Shor;'  Lub- 
lin, d. 

1656.— Thousands  of  Jews  murdered  by  Cossacks  in  Lublin. 

1727. — Solomon  Sasportas,  liturgical  poet,  Nizza,  d. 

1774. — Ambroise  Bonald,  French  anti-semite,  b. 

1838.— Julian  Goldsmid,  M.  P.,  b. 

1882.— Chas.  Netter,  founder  of  the  Agriculutral  School  in  Jaffa, 
d. 

1892. — Ernst  Eenan,  critical  theologian  and  friend  of  the  Jews,  d. 

1900. — Hugo  Kheinhold,  sculptor,  Berlin,  d. 

3. 

1743. — Abiad  Sar  Shalom  Basilea,  rabbi  and  theological  author, 
Mantua,  d. 


94  MEMORABLE    DATES — OCTOBER. 

1839. — Moses    Schreiber    (Sofer),   leader   of    orthodoxy,   rabbi    at 

Pressbiirg,  d. 
1892. — Martin  Steinthal,  Berlin  physician,  d. 


1862. — Emancipation  of  the  Jews  in  Baden. 
1864. — Jacob  Kern,  communal  leader  of  Budapest,  d. 
1867. — Eduard  Kley,  pedagogue  and  reform  preacher,  Hamburg, 
d. 

5. 

1787. — Simon  ben  Samuel,  Hebrew  writer,  Konigsberg,  d. 
1803. — Eaphael  Kosch,  deputy  in  German  Eeichstag,  b. 
1833. — Simon  Samuel,  medical  professor,  b. 
1867. — Achilles  Fould,  French  minister  of  finance,  Paris,  b. 
1880. — Jacques  Offenbach,  composer,  convert,  Paris,  d. 
1891. — Yetta  Wohllerner,  Hebrew  authoress,  Lemberg,  d. 

6. 

1787. — Abraham  Firkowitch,  Karaitic  scholar,  b. 

1866. — J.  Hess,  champion  of  Jewish  emancipation,  d. 

1869. — Abraham  Sutro,  orthodox  rabbi,  Miinster,  d. 

1894. — Nathaniel  Pringsheim,  University  professor,  botanist,  d. 

1903. — Saul  Isaac,  M.  P.,  London,  d. 

7. 

1771. — Nachman  Bratzlaw,  chassidic  rabbi,  Miedzyborz,  d. 

1845.- — Samson  Bloch,  Neo-Hebraic  author,  Zolkiew,  d. 

1881. — Lewis  Jacob  Marcus,  deputy  for  Mecklenburg,  Manchester, 

d. 
1896. — Isaac  Hirschensohn,  rabbinical  author,  London,  d. 

8. 

1821. — Wolfgang  Strassman,  President  of  tlie  Berlin  city  council, 
b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — OCTOBER.  95 

1823. — Iwan  Aksakow,  leader  of  the  Prussian  anti-semites,  b. 

1865. — Heinrich  Wilhelm  Ernst,  pianist,  Nizza,  d. 

1891. — Jacob  Eduard  Polak,  body  physician  to  the  Shah,  Vienna, 

d. 
1892. — Aaron  Griinberger,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Michalo- 

witz,  d. 

9. 

1580. — Imraanuel  Tremellius,  convert  and  friend  of  Calvin,  d. 
1798. — Carl  Feust,  prominent  Bavarian  attorney,  Bamberg,  b. 
1809. — Adolph  Franck,  French  philosopher,  Liocourt,  b. 
1859. — Alfred  Dreyfus,  Miihlhausen,  b. 
1867. — Abraham  Mapu,  Neo-Hebraic  poet,  Konigsberg,  d. 
1871. — Jacob  Kaufmann,  prominent  German  journalist,  d. 
1887. — Maurice  Strakosch,  impresario  of  Nilsson,  d. 
1889. — Benjamin  Samuel  Phillips,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  d. 
1894. — Jacob  Segre,  colonel  and  director  of  arsenal,  Turin,  d. 

10. 

1619. — Joseph  Pardo,  rabbi  and  author,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1674. — David  Cohen  de  Lara,  Hebrew  autlior,  Hamburg,  d. 
1797.— Elijah  Wilna,  the  "Gaon"  of  Wilna,  d. 
1871.- — Joseph  Zedner,  bibliographer,  Berlin,  d. 
1884. — Johanna  Goldschmidt,  authoress,  Hamburg,  d. 
1884. — Adolph  Hiibsch,  rabbi  and  author,  New  York,  d. 
1902. — Sussmann  Sofer,  rabbi  and  Talmudical  author,  Pacs,  d. 

11. 

1792. — David  Franco  Mendes,  Hebrew  poet,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1805. — Jedidja  Tiab  Weil,  rabbi  and  autlior,  Karlsruhe,  d. 

12. 

1285. — Ninety  Jews  butchered  in  Munich. 

1589. — Samuel  di  Medici,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Salonica,  d. 


96  MEMORABLE    DATES — OCTOBER. 

1795. — Dr.   Gottschalk  von   Geldern,  grandfather  of  Heine,  Diis- 

seldorf,  d. 
1837. — Akiba  Eger,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Posen,  d. 
1855. — Hirsch  Chajes,  Talmudic  author,  Lemberg,  d. 
1878. — Max  Konigswarter,  French  politician,  Paris,  d. 
1895. — Isaac  Wolfsohn,  member  of  Keichstag,  Hamburg,  d. 
1896. — Felice  Finzi,  rabbi  Genoa,  d. 
1903. — Moses  David  Friedmann,  wonder  rabbi,  Czortkov,  d. 


13. 

1801. — Emil  Eodiger,  reviser  of  Gesenius'  grammar,  b. 

1846. — Isaac  Rabbinowitz,  Hebrew  poet,  Kowno,  b. 

1875. — Leopold  Low,  rabbi  and  critical  author,  Szegedin,  d. 

1877. — Seligman    Baer    Bamberger,    prominent    orthodox    rabbi, 

Wiirzburg,  d. 
1899. — Fabius  Mises,  Hebrew  philosophic  author,  Leipzig,  d. 
1903. — Marcus  Jastrow,  Talmudic  lexicograplier,  Philadelphia,  d. 

14. 

1806. — Benedict  Levi,  rabbi  in  Gressen,  b. 
1818. — Samuel  Joseph  Fiinn,  Hebrew  writer,  b. 
1829. — Eduard  Lasker,  German  statesman,  Zierkow,  b. 
1841. — Joseph  Franco  Mendes,  violinist,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1899. — Charlotte  von  Emden,  Heine's  sister,  d. 


15. 

1800. — M.  A.  Wessely,  author  of  medical  work,  Bleicherode,  b. 
1809. — Friederich  Ad.  Philippi,  convert,  orthodox  Lutheran  theo- 
logian, b. 
1821. — Moritz  Hartmann,  German  poet,  b. 

1842. — Reactionary  law  in  regard  to  the  Jews  enacted  in  Hanover. 
1892. — Saul  Isaac  Ksimpf,  preacher,  professor,  author,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — OCTOBER.  97 

16. 

1655. — Joseph  Solomon  del  Medigo,  critical  author,  Prague,  d, 

1773. — Samuel  Meyer  Ehrenberg,  Zunz's  teacher,  Braunschweig,  b. 

1783.— Jeanette  Straus  Wohl,  friend  of  Borne,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 

1855. — Jeremiah  Heinemann,  translator  and  publisher  of  periodi- 
cal, Berlin,  d. 

1863. — Alexander  Haindorf,  founder  of  seminary  in  Miinster,  d. 

1867. — S.  L.  Rapoport,  rabbi  and  critical  author,  Prague,  d. 

1875. — Hirsch  Kalischer,  the  real  founder  of  Zionism,  Thorn,  d. 

1886. — Mayer  Carl  v.  Rothschild,  member  of  the  German  Reich- 
stag, d. 

1886. — Hermann  Sternberg,  author  of  the  history  of  Jews  in  Po- 
land, Vienna,  d. 

17. 

1648. — Lipman  Popper,  Hebrew  poet,  Prague,  d. 

1680. — Constance,  Countess  Cosel,  the  courtesan  of  August  II.  of 

Saxony,  a  secret  proselyte,  b. 
1768. — Israel  Jacobson,  philanthropist,  Halberstadt,  b. 
1793. — I.  ]sr.  Mannheimer,  the  Vienna  preacher,  Copenhagen,  b. 
1833. — Moses  Lemans,  Dutch  writer  on  Pedagogy,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1839. — Albert  Harkavy,  historian  of  Jewish  literature,  b. 
1903. — Lewis  Tallermann,  inventor,  Loudon,  d. 

18. 

1763. — Lazarus  Bendavid,  philosopher  and  champion  of  modern 
culture,  Berlin,  b. 

1800.— Charlotte  Emden  Heine,  b.     Cf.  Oct.  1-i. 

1806. — B.  A.  Hermann,  dramatist  and  theatrical  director,  Ham- 
burg, b. 

1818. — The  Reform  temple  in  Hamburg  opened. 

1893. — Moses  von  Wassermann,  rabbi,  Stuttgart,  d. 

1903  — Reuben  Asher  Braudes,  Hebrew  author,  Vienna,  d. 


98  MEMORABLE    DATES OCTOBER. 

19. 

1298. — Massacre  of  Jews  in  Heilbronn. 
1700. — Jehuda  Chassid,  mystic,  Jerusalem,  d. 
1819. — Calmann  Levy,  Parisian  publisher,  b. 
1826. — Manuel  Joel,  rabbi  and  theological  author,  b. 
1843. — Moses  Lob  Lilienblum,  Hebrew  author,  b. 
1849. — Israel  Friedmann  (Keb  Srulzc),  wonder  rabbi,  Sadagora,  d. 
1894. — James  Darmestetter,  French  philologist,  d. 
1898, — Harold  Frederic,  English  writer,  advocate  of  the  Russian 
Jews,  d. 

20. 

1616. — Solomon  Sforno,  Hebrew  writer,  Venice,  d. 
1820. — Wilhelm  Wolfsohn,  German  poet,  Odessa,  b. 
1892. — Emin  Pasha  (Ed.  Schnitzer),  African  explorer,  murdered. 
1894. — Ludwig  Mauthner,  professor  of  Ophthalmology,  Vienna,  d. 
1901. — Hippol3rte    A.    Wawelburg,   Russian    philanthropist,   Wies- 
baden, d. 

21. 

1663. — Joshua  ben  Jacob  (Rebbe  Reb  Hoschl),  Cracow,  d. 
1817. — Meyer  Abrahamson,  writer  on  medicine,  Hamburg,  d. 
1837. — Michael  J.  Gusikow,  musician,  Aachen,  d. 
1847. — Eduard  Brandos,  Danish  writer,  Copenhagen,  b. 
1853.— Samuel  Meyer  Ehrenberg,  Wolfenbiittel,  d.     (See  Oct.  18.) 
1873. — The  giving  of  equal  rights  to  the  Jews  proclaimed  in  Cro- 
atia. 
1876. — David  Oppenheim,  rabbi  and  author,  Vienna,  d. 
1881. — Levy  Popper,  professor  Tiibingen,  d. 
1893. — The  Jewish  Theological  Institute  at  Vienna  opened. 

22. 

1693. — Menahem  Samson  Basilea,  rabbinical  author,  Mantua,  d. 
1781. — Hartog    Sommerliausen,     pedagogue   and    writer,     Nieder- 

wehren,  b. 
1798. — Martin  Steinthal,  physician  in  Berlin,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES OCTOBER.  99 

1801. — Eleazar  Kaliir,  rabbi,  Talniudic  author,  Kolin,  d. 

1811. — Franz  Liszt,  musician  and  anti-semite,  b. 

1814. — Joseph  Schwarz,  author  of  the  Geography  of  Palestine,  Ba- 
varia, b. 

1846  — Sarah  Bernhardt,  the  great  French  tragedienne,  b. 

1847. — Henrietta  Herz,  leader  of  Berlin  Salon,  d. 

1883. — Peter  Th.  Riess,  physicist,  the  first  Jewish  member  of  the 
Berlin  Academy,  d. 

1887. — Simon  (Sinai)  Hock,  Jewish  historical  investigator,  Vien- 
na, d. 

1894. — Alexander  Langbank,  Hebrew  writer,  Jaroslau,  d. 

1900. — Max  Miiller,  founder  of  the  science  of  Comparative  Eeli- 
gion,  Oxford,  d. 

1902. — Siegmund  Hinrichsen,  President  of  "Biirgerschaft,''  Ham- 
burg, d. 

23. 

1340. — Nicholas  de  Lyra,  Catholic  Biblical  exegete,  student  of  Jew- 
ish literature,  d. 
1456.— John  Caspistrano,  the  ''holy"  murderer  of  Jews,  d. 
1825. — Solomon  Friedlander,  Reform  rabbi,  Brilon,  b. 
1842. — William  Gesenius,  lexicographer,  exegete,  Halle,  d. 
1874. — Abraham  Geiger,  liberal  Jewish  theologian,  Berlin,  d. 
1899. — Epbraim  L.  Zox,  Aiistralian  politician,  Melbourne,  d. 

24. 

1492. — Jews  in  Sternberg,  Mecklenburg,  burned  for  the  supposed 

desecration  of  the  host. 
1763. — Dorothea  Schlegel,  Moses  Mendelssohn's  daughter,  Berlin, 

b. 
1784. — Moses  Montefiore,  the  great  philanthropist,  Leghorn,  b. 
1811. — Ferdinand  von  Hiller,  musician,  convert,  Frankfort-on-M., 

'  b. 
1819. — Meyer  Aaron  Goldschmidt,  Danish  ghetto  novelist,  b. 
1826. — Jacob  Herzfeld,  actor,  Hamburg,  d. 


100  MEMORABLE    DATES OCTOBER. 

1846. — Emanuel  Osmund,  Jean  Paul's  friend,  Bayreuth,  d. 

1870. — ISTaturalization  of  the  Jews  in  Algeria. 

1884. — David  Ephrussi,  rabbinical  writer,  d. 

1896. — Sir  Albert  Sassoon,  East  Indian  nabob,  London,  d. 

1898. — David  Levi,  Italian  poet,  Turin,  d. 

25. 

1327.— Asher  b.  Yechiel  "Eosch",  Toledo,  d. 

1743. — John  Baptist  de  Eossi,  famous  bibliographer,  b. 

1800. — Thomas    Macaulaj^    English   historian,    champion    of   the 

emancipation  of  the  Jews,  b. 
1848. — Karl  Erail  Franzos,  Ghetto  poet,  Czortkov,  b. 
1871. — Alex.  Mendelssohn,  the  last  Jew  of  Moses  Mendelssohn's 

family,  d. 
1896. — David  Eachamin  Aghion,  philanthropist,  Alexandria,  d. 

26. 

1407. — Massacre  of  the  Jews  in  Cracow. 

1631. — Leopold  Kollonitsch,  cardinal,  Jew-hater,  Komom,  b. 

1864. — M.  L.  Schlesinger,  juvenile  writer,  Breslau,  d. 

1881. — Aaron  Kornfeld,  great  Talmudist,  Jenikau,  d. 

1893. — Bernhard  Deutsch  de  Hatvan,  manufacturer,  Budapest,  d, 

1896. — Isaac  Bamberger,  rabbi,  Konigsberg,  d. 

27. 

1774. — Abraham  Broda,  author  of  Memoirs,  Aussee,  d. 
1786. — Frederick  Cerfberr,  French  consul,  b. 

28. 

1672. — Isaac  Deckingen,  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1752. — Jacob  Simon,  engraver  and  brave  soldier,  Brussels,  b. 
1825. — Jacob  Herz  Beer,  Meyerbeer's  father,  Berlin,  d. 
1834.— Hirscli  Heller  "Charif",  rabbi  and  Talmudical  author,  Alt- 
ofen,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — OCTOBER.  101 

1840.— Montefiore's  audience  with  the  Sultan  regarding  the  affair 

of  Damascus. 
1870.— Gottlieb  Schmelkes,  physician  and  poet,  Interlaken,  d. 
1884.— Abraham  Brodsky,  philanthropist,  Odessa,  d. 
1895. — Ferdinand  Ludwig  Neubiirger,  dramatic  writer,  Frankfort- 

on-M.,  d. 

29. 

1831. — Leopold     Sonnemann,     journalist     and     parliamentarian, 

Hochberg,  b. 
1833. — Emancipation  of  the  Jews  in  Kurhessen. 
I860. — David  Aaron  de  Sola,  chacham  and  writer,  London,  d. 
1864. — Simcha  Pinsker,  investigator  of  Jewish  history,  Odessa,  d. 

30. 

1724. — Israel  von  Honigsberg,  Austrian  financier,  Kuttenberg,  b. 
1836. — David  Castelli,  learned  Orientalist,  Leghorn,  b. 
1887. — Jacob  Auerbach,  pedagogical  writer,   Frankfort-on-M.,   d. 
1893. — Gerson  Wolf,  writer  of  Jewish  history,  Vienna,  d. 
1903. — Hillel  Noah  Maggid  Steinschneider,  Jewish  historian,  Wil- 
na,  d. 

31. 

1711. — Moses  Chefez,  philosophical  author,  Venice,  d. 
1820. — Joseph  Kazan,  chief  rabbi,  Jerusalem,  d. 
1824. — Fabius  Mieses,  Brody,  b.     (See  Oct.  13.) 
1834. — Samuel  Landau,  chief  rabbi,  Prague,  d. 


103  MEMORABLE     DATES NOVEMBER. 


XI. 

NOVEMBER. 

1. 

1478. — Inquisition  founded  in  Spain. 

1784. — Gotthold  Salomon,  preacher,  b. 

1817. — Joseph  Cohen,  French  journalist  and  writer,  b. 

1839. — Isidor  Loeb,  French  savant,  b. 

1842. — Solomon  Herschell,  chief  rabbi  of  England,  London,  d. 

1843.— Samuel  Phil  Gans,  jurist,  Celle,  d. 

1870. — Ephraim  linger,  author  of  mathematical  works,  Erfurt,  d. 

1893. — Marcus  Hirsch,  physician  and  author,  son  of  S.  A.  Hirsch, 

Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1894. — Czar  Alexander  III.,  persecutor  of  the  Jews,  d. 
1903. — Theod.  Mommsen,  historian  and  opponent  of  anti-semitism, 

Charlottenburg,  d. 

2. 

1761. — Akiba  Eger,  Talmudical  author,  Eisenstadt,  b. 

1786. — Abraham  Oppenheimer,  rabbinical  author,  Hanover,  d. 

1820. — Sir  Saul  Samuel,  Australian  politician,  b. 

1827. — August   de   Lagarde,   learned    Orientalist   and   anti-semite, 

Berlin,  b. 
1831. — Julius  Stettenheim,  famous  humorist,  Hamburg,  b. 
1875. — Eduard   Horn    (Ign.   Einhorn),   preacher  of   Eeform    and 

Hungarian  statesman,  Budapest,  d. 
1879. — David    Einhorn,    German-American,    Eeform    rabbi,    New 

York,  d. 
1882. — David  Morgenstern,  Bavarian  politician,  d. 
1894. — Captain  Dreyfus  arrested. 
1896. — George  Levin,  medical  professor,  Berlin,  d. 


MEM01L\BLE    UATKS NOVEMBER.  103 

3. 

1394. — Jews  expelled  from  Paris. 
1766. — Thomas  Abbt,  friend  of  Mendelssohn,  d. 
1810. — Leop.  Stein,  Keform  rabbi,  Burgkunstadt,  b. 
1837. — Ludwig  Chronegk,  German  actor,  b. 

1839. — "Hattisherilf  of  (liilhane  issued;  improvement  of  the  po- 
sition of  the  Jews  in  Turkey. 
1890. — Manuel  Joel,  rabbi  and  philosophical  writer,  Breslau,  d. 
1899. — Jacques  Wiener,  engraver,  Brussels,  d. 
1902. — Ferd.  Reichenheim,  philanthropist,  Berlin,  d. 
1902. — Heinrich  Rickert,  opposer  of  anti-semitism,  d. 


1481.— Great  ''Auto  da  fe"  in  Seville. 

1684. — Abr.  Jos.  Sol.  Graziano,  rabbinic  author,  Modena,  d. 

171G. — Raphael  Rabenio,  physician  and  Jewish  literateur,  Padua. 

d. 
1748. — Jacob  Chai  Chefez,  poet  and  preacher,  Gorice,  d. 
1795. — Abraham  Kassel,  Hebrew  mathematical  author,  Berlin,  d. 
1846. — M.  A.  Giinzburg,  worker  for  Hebrew  Renaissance  movement 

in  Russia,  d. 
1849. — J.  S.  Avigdor,  member  of  the  Parisian  Sanhedrin,  Nizza,  d. 
1861. — Servian  law  forbids  the  residence  of  the  Jews  in  interior. 


1337. — Two  martyrs  in  Parchim  Mecklenburg  killed. 

181 C). — Siegfried  Hirsch,  historian,  convert,  b. 

1828. — Beer  J.  Beer,  advocate  of  Jewish  emancipation,  Nancy,  d. 

1830. — Albert  Fischer,  writer  on  kindergarten  subjects,  b. 

1846.— Solomon  Trier,  rabbi,  Frankfort-on-M.  (90  years  old),  d. 

1853. — Sir  Marcus  Samuel,  Lord  Mayer  of  London,  b. 

1864. — David  Sassoon,  founder  of  the  famous  house  in  Bombay,  d. 

1888. — Louis  Lowe,  Montefiore's  secretary,  London,  d. 

1896. — Rachel,  Countess  d'  Avigdor,  d. 


104  MEMORABLE    DATES — NOVEMBER. 

6. 

1643. — Abraham  Azulai,  Cabbalistic  author,  Hebron,  d. 
1805. — Meir  Obornik,  "Biurist,"  Yieima,  d. 
1840. — Ferman  of  the  Sultan  issued  against  "blood  accusation." 
1876. — Job.  Emmanuel  Veith,  Catholic  pulpit  orator,  convert,  d. 
1895. — Joel  Miiller,  rabbinical  author,  Berlin,  d. 

7. 

1573. — Solomon  Luria,  eminent  Talmudist,  Lublin. 

1610. — Victims  of  the  Inquisition  in  Lograno  burned. 

1846. — Ignaz  Briill,  pianist,  Prosnitz,  b. 

1859. — Moriz  Horschetzky,  physician  and  Jewish  writer,  Kanisza, 
d. 

1860. — Jacob  Joseph  Ottinger,  rabbi,  Berlin,  d. 

1884. — H.  Eedlich,  engraver,  Berlin,  d. 

1895. — Emmy  Eossi,  novelist,  Berlin,  d. 

1898. — Isaiah  Luzzatto,  editor  of  the  works  of  his  father,  S.  D. 
Luzzatto,  Padua,  d. 

8. 

1610. — Jews  murdered  by  the  Inquisition  in  Lograno. 

1807. — Seligmann  Bar  Bamberger,  orthodox  rabbi,  Wiesenbronn,  b, 

1838. — Peter  Beer,  writer  on  the  Jewish  Eenaissance,  Prague,  d. 

1840. — Nathan  Meyer  von  Eothschild,  first  Jewish  Lord  in  Eng- 
land, b. 

1878. — Hermann  Godsche  (Sir  John  Eatcliff),  anti-semitic  novel- 
ist, Trachenberg,  d. 

9. 

1526. — Jews  expelled  from  Presburg. 

1703. — Samuel  ben  Zebi,  of  Cracow,  publisher  of  the  Talmud  with 
parallel  passages,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1891. — Simon  Bacher,  Neo-Hebraic  poet,  St.  Miklosz,  d. 

10. 
1689. — David  Lida,  Talmudic  author,  Lemberg,  d. 
1773. — Joseph   Perl,  participant  in  the  Jewish  Eenaissance  and 
satirical  writer,  Tarnopol,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — NOVEMBER.  105 

1809. — David  Einhorn,  Keform  rabbi,  Dispeck,  b. 

1810.— Martin    Edward   von    Simson,    President   of   the    German 

Reichstag,  convert,  Konigsberg,  b. 
1810. — Lazarus  Adler,  rabbi  and  author,  Unsleben,  b. 
1810. — Jacob  Kaufmann,  German  author,  b. 
1826.— Jacob  Hamburger,  author  of  the  Jewish  Encyclopedia,  b. 
1833. — Ed.  Jacobsohn,  humorist.  Gross  Strehlitz,  b. 
1843.— Lazarus-    Gumpel,    philanthropist     (Heine's    Gumpelino), 

Hamburg,  d. 
1867. — Solomon  Klein,  orthodox  rabbi  and  author,  Colmar,  Alsace, 

d. 
1892.— Israel  M.  Japhet,  teacher  and  author,  Erankfort-on-M.,  d. 

11. 

1558.— Shalom  Shechna,  founder  of  the  Talmud  study  in  Poland, 
Lublin,  d. 

1803. — Raphael  Kohen,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Altona,  d. 

1823.— Hirsch  Katzenelnbogen,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Wai- 
zenheim,  d. 

1823.— Nathan  von  Keller,  Austrian  deputy  of  Reichsrath,  Brody, 
b. 

1848. — Gustav  Karpeles,  historian  of  literature,  Loschitz,  b. 

1855. — Jews'  College  in  London  opened. 

1891. — Ignaz  Hirschler,  Ophthalmologist  and  member  of  the  Hun- 
garian House  of  Lords,  Budapest,  d. 

1897.— Sabbato  Morals,  orthodox  rabbi,  Philadelphia,  d. 

12. 

1631. — Simon  Wolf  Auerbach,  rabbi,  Prague,  d. 

1778.— Lob  Sundel  Pfersche,  Talmudic  author,  Hamburg,  d. 

1787. — Law  requiring  the  Jews  to  adopt  a  family  name  in  Austria 

issued. 
1797. — Jehuda  Horowitz,  physician  and  Hebrew  writer,  Grodno,  d. 
1812. — Julia  Goodman,  paintress,  London,  b. 


106  MEMOlUBLJi:    DATES — NOVEMBER. 

1813. — Meir  Heimerdinger,  German  judge,  b. 

1819. — Daniel  Sanders,  German  lexicographer,  Alt  Strelitz,  b. 

13. 

1550. — Paul  Fagius,  Christian  Hebraist,  England,  d. 

1679, — Thomas  de  Pinero,  learned  Marano,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1757 — Talmud  in  Kamienetz  burned  through  the  efforts  of  the 

Frankists. 
1834. — Benj.  Peixotto,  advocate  for  the  rights  of  the  Jews,  New 

York,  b. 
1863. — Alex.  McCaul,  missionary  to  the  Jew?,  liondon,  d. 
1882. — Ephraim  Alexander,  philanthropist,  London,  d. 
1890. — Joseph  Klingenstein,  pedagogical  writer,  d. 
1894. — Jacob  Reifmann,  Plebrew  writer,  Sz.-:zebrszyn,  b. 

14. 

1797. — M.  M.  Haarbleicher,  historian,  Hamburg,  b. 

1893. — Moriz  von  Konigswarter,  philanthropist,  Vienna,  d. 

1900. — Adolph  Pollitzer,  musician,  d. 

15. 

1832. — Gottlieb  Bondy,  Bohemian  politician,  Prague,  b. 

1832.— Hannah  Adams,  Christian  authoress  of  a  history  of  the 
Jews,  Boston,  d. 

1843.— C.  A.  Buchholz,  Christian  champion  of  Jewish  rights,  d. 

1808. — James  von  Rothschild,  Paris,  d. 

1882. — Daniel  Ehrmann,  rabbi  and  author,  Briinn,  d. 

1886. — Gustav  Heine,  proprietor  of  a  periodical,  Heinrich  Heine's 
brother,  Vienna,  d. 

1892. — Senior  Sachs,  Hebrew  writer,  Paris,  d. 

1894. — Arnold  Bodek,  author,  grandson  of  S.  L.  Rapoport,  Leip- 
zig, d. 

1900. — Jehuda  Behak,  rabbi  and  author,  Cherson,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — NOVEMBER.  107 


16. 


1491. — Execution  of  many  Marannos  in  Avila. 

1794._Saul,  rabbi  in  Frankfort-on-the-Oder,  as  fugitive,  London, 

d. 
1800. — F.  Lebrecht,  historian  of  Hebrew  literature,  b. 
1803.— Heinrieh  Ewald,  Christian  author  of  a  "History  of  Israel/' 

Gottingen,  b. 
1822. — Bar  Kestin,  Hebrew  author,  Borki,  b. 
1850. — Albert  Alexander,  chess  player,  Paris,  d. 
1871. — Emil  Makai   (Fischer),  Hungarian  poet,  Mako,  b. 
1888. — Arsene  Darmestetter,  French  philologist,  d. 
1890. — Israel  Bar  Merenlander,  Talmudic  author,  d. 
1900. — Moriz  Rosenhaupt,  cantor  and  composer,  Niirnberg,  d. 

17. 
1800.— Achilles  Fould,  French  Minister  of  Finance,  b. 

1834. Michael  Bernays,  German  historian  of  literature,  convert, 

Hamburg,  b. 
1862.— Gotthold  Salomon,  first  German  preacher,  Hamburg,  d. 
1891. — Jacob  Egers,  Hebrew  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

18. 
1616. — Moses  Mordecai  Margalioth,  Talmudic  author,  Cracow,  d. 
1822. — Daniel  Hai:obcn  Azevedo,  Portuguese  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1840. — Seminary  for  teachers  opened  in  Berlin. 
1844. — Russian  law  concerning  the  education  of  rabbis. 

19. 

1791. — Jacob  Beck,  author  of  a  popular  book  on  Shehitah  Leipnik, 

d. 
1864. — Jacob  Weil,  Jewish  writer,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1879  — Abraham  Bar  Lebensohn,  Hebrew  author,  Wilna,  d. 
1887. — Emma  Lazarus,  Jewish  poetess,  New  York,  d. 
1890. — Lady  Hanna  Roseberry  (nee  Rothschild),  d. 
1892. — Baron  Reinach,  financier  Panama  affair,  Paris,  d. 


108  MEMORABLE    DATES — NOVEMBER. 

20. 

1657. — Manasseh  ben  Israel,  champion  of  Jews,  Middelburg,  d. 

1842. — Cesare  Parenzo,  Italian  senator,  Rovigo,  b. 

1850. — Jos.  Sam.  Bloch,  journalist,  advocate  of  Judaism,  Dukla,  b, 

1858. — Hirsch  Edelmann,  Hebrew  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

1860. — Isaac  Marcus  Jost,  historian,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 

1864. — Jacob  Ezekiel  Lowy,  rabbi  and  author,  Beuthen,  d. 

1889. — Meyer  Roest,  lithographer,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1892. — Chajim  Nathan  Derabitzer,  historian,  Cracow,  d. 

1894. — Anton  Rubinstein,  composer,  convert,  Peterhof,   d. 

1894. — Samson  d'  Ancona,  Italian  senator,  Florence,  d. 

21. 

1619. — Martyr  Abba  torn  to  pieces  by  a  dog  in  Ispahan. 

1792. — Eenoit  Fould,  French  politician,  Paris,  b. 

1819. — ^Daniel  Chwolson,  convert  and  defender  of  the  Jews,  Wilna, 

b. 
1899. — A.  L.  Friedland,  Maecenas  and  philanthrophist,  d. 

22. 

1736. — x^rjeh  Lob,  preacher,  martyr,  Posen,  d. 
1797. — David  Salomons,  first  Jewish  Lord  Mayor,  London,  b. 
1800. — Solomon  Maimon,  philosopher,  ISTieder  Siegersdorf,  d. 
1808. — Lionel  von  Rothschild,  first  Jewish  member  of  the  English 

Parliament,  b. 
1811. — David  Wolf  Marks,  first  English  Reform  preacher,  London, 

b. 
1819. — George  Eliot,  authoress  of  David  Deronda,  b. 
1830. — Sigmund  Meyer,  communal  leader,  b. 
1851. — Wolf  Pascheles,  editor  of  the  "Sippurim,"  Prague,  d. 

23. 

1703. — Powder  explosion  in  Lembcrg.     Many  Jews  killed. 
1793. — Joliuda  Pinchas,  painter,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — NOVEMBER.  109 

1825.— Henrietta  Goldschmidt,  champion  of  woman's  rights,  Kroto- 

schin,  b. 
1836. — Jacob  Kohen  Lakri,  French  consul,  d. 
1836. — Moses  Korner,  author,  Breslau,  d. 
1840. — Ambrosius  Bonald,  French  Jew  baiter,  d. 
1844. — Hermann  Todesco,  phihmthropist,  Vienna,  d. 
1845.— M.  S.  Alexander,  Protestant  Bishop  of  Jerusalem,  convert, 

d. 
1848. — Hermann  Jellinek,  Vienna,  shot  as  rebel. 
1886. — Leopold  Kompert,  ghetto  poet,  Vienna,  d. 
1899. — Joseph  Cohen,  French  journalist  and  author,  Paris,  d. 

24. 

1777. — Aaron  b.  Meir  of  Brest,  Talmudical  author,  d. 

1848.— Joseph  Mendelssohn,  son  of  Moses  Mendelssohn,  Berlin,  d. 

1869. — Jonathan  Alexandersohn,  victim  of  orthodox  persecutions, 

Altofen,  d. 
1872. — Moriz  Schorstein,  writer  on  Hydrotherapeutics,  Odessa,  d. 
1877. — Simon  Deutsch,  bibliographer,  Constantinople,  d. 

25. 

1806. — Isaac  Pereire,  financier  and  politician,  Bordeaux,  b. 
1829. — Jenny  Hirsch,  authoress,  b. 

1830. — Lina  Morgenstern,  champion  of  Woman's  rights,  Breslau,  b. 
1839. — Kaim  Samuel,  advocate  of  Jewish  emancipation,  Dresden, 

d. 
1868. — Michel  Sabludowski,  Jewish  author,  Bialystok,  d. 
1899. — Marcus  Nordheim,  philanthropist,  Hamburg,  d. 

26. 

1660. — Daniel  E.  Yablonski,  Hebrew  book  publisher,  Christian,  b. 

1822. — Karl  August,  Prince  Hardenberg,  originator  of  liberal 
Prussian  laws  of  1812  concerning  the  Jews. 

1840. — Karl  von  Rotteck,  historian,  opponent  of  Jewish  emancipa- 
tion in  Baden,  Freiburg,  d. 


110  MEMORABLE    DATES — NOVEMBER. 

1849. — Julius  Hitzig,  architect,  of  Jewish  descent,  Berlin,  d. 
1862. — Jos.  A.  Friedlander,  Landrabbiner,  Brilon,  100  years  old,  d. 
1892. — Moriz  Wahrmann,  Hungarian  politician,  Budapest,  d. 
1893. — Sebastian  Brunner,  clerical  anti-semite,  Vienna,  d. 
1900. — Hermann  Hirschel,  author  of  humorous  works  and  libret- 
tist, Berlin,  d. 

27. 

1804. — Sir  Julius  Benedict,  musician,  Stuttgart,  b. 

1815. — Simon  Hock,  investigator  of  Jewish  history,  Prague,  b. 

1836. — Wm.  Ebstein,  medical  professor,  Jauer,  b. 

1861. — Jeanette  Wohl,  Borne's  friend,  Paris,  d. 

1883. — Mordecai  Plungian,  Hebrew  author,  Wilna,  d. 

28. 

1706. — Solomon  Mirels,  rabbi,  Altona,  d. 

1830. — Anton  Eubinstein,  composer,  convert,  b. 

29. 

1349. — Jewish  massacre  in  Augsburg. 

1882. — Moise  Soave,  writer,  Venice,  d. 

1888. — E.  N.  Eabbinowitz,  critic  of  Talmudic  texts,  Kiew,  d. 

1889. — Jacob  Briill,  rabbi  and  author,  Kojetein,  d. 

30. 

1215. — Lateran  Council  decrees  the  Jewish  badge. 
1631. — Samuel  Edels,  the  "Meharscha,"  Lublin,  d. 
1748. — Mordecai  Zahalon,  physician  and  poet,  Ferrara,  d. 
1818. — Ch.  V.  Alkan,  musician,  Paris,  d. 
1820. — M.  A.  Alexander,  Australian  politician,  b." 
1828. — Prussian  Cabinet  Order  forbidding  Jews  to  take  Christian 
first  names  issued. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — NOVEMBEE.  Ill 

1867. — Wolf  Aloys  Meisel,  rabbi  and  theological  writer,  Budapest, 

d. 
1871. — Gaston  Cremieux  shot  in  Marsailles  as  a  Communist. 
1897. — Naphtali  Maskillejson,  Hebrew  writer  Minsk. 


112  MEMORABLE    DATES — DECEMBER. 


XII. 


DECEMBER. 


499. — Rabbina,  editor  of  Talmud,  Sura,  d. 
1364, — Proselyte  Abraham  burned  in  Bavaria. 
1893. — Peter  Sbarbaro,  advocate  of  the  Jews,  Rome,  d. 

2. 

1809. — Samuel  Adler,  Reform  rabbi,  Worms,  b. 

1825. — Dom  Pedro,  Emperor  of  Brazil,  lover  of  Jewish  literature, 

b. 
1867. — Ludwig  Lesser,  writer,  Berlin,  d. 
1870. — Commander  Franchetti,  fell  near  Champigny. 
1882. — Leopold  Stein,  Reform  preacher,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1886. — Aaron  Auerbach,  rabbi,  Bonn,  d. 
1890. — David  Asher,  philosophical  writer,  d. 
1900. — Ludwig  Jacobowski,  German  poet,  d. 


1800. — Jacob  Emil  Pereire,  politician  and  financier,  Bordeaux,  b. 

1811. — Ed.  Bendemann,  painter,  convert,  Berlin,  b. 

1836. — Adolf  Lieben,  chemist,  University  professor,  Vienna,  b. 

1842. — Samuel  (Sanwel)  Eger,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Bruns- 
wick, d. 

1844. — H.  Gerson,  physician  and  medical  writer,  Hamburg,  d. 

1875. — Philip  Anspach,  judge  at  Court  of  Cassation,  Paris,  d. 

1891. — Abr.  Alexander  Wolff,  chief  rabbi,  Copenhagen,  d. 

1903. — Heinrich  Landesmann  (Hieronymus  Lorm)  author. 
Briinn,  d. 

1903. — Deborah  Romm,  Hebrew  publisher,  Wilna,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — DECEMBER.  113 


1741. — Moses  ben  Abraham  Broda,  rabbi,  Worms,  d. 

1750. — Abbe  Gregoire,  advocate  of  the  Jews,  b. 

1805. — Philip  Samson,  one  of  the  founders  of  "Samson  Schule,' 

Wolfenbiittel,  d. 
1878. — David  B.  Adler,  Danish  politician,  d. 
1896. — Felix  Luka,  professor,  Charlottenburg,  d. 


1349. — Seventy  Jews  were  killed  at  Nuremberg. 

1756. — Isaac  Lampronti,  author  of  Talmudical  lexicon,  Ferara,  d. 

1823. — Hartog  Lemon,   physician   and   worker   for   emancipation, 

Amsterdam,  d. 
1849. — Baruch  Lindau,  Hebrew  writer,  Berlin,  d. 
1891.— Dom  Pedro,  Paris,  d.     (See  Dec.  2.) 
1900. — Emily  Marion  Harris,  philanthropist  and  writer,  London, 

d. 


1213. — Massacre  of  Jews  at  Erfurt. 

1675. — John  Lightfoot,  Christian  Hebraist,  Eli,  d. 

1699. — Tebele  ben  Wolf,  rabbinical  writer,  Altona,  d. 

1750. — David  Friedlander,  worker  for  enlightenment,  Konigsberg, 

b. 
1834. — Jonas  David  Meyer,  jurist  and  advocate  of  Jewish  rights, 

Amsterdam,  d. 
1834. — Hermann   Senator,   medical   professor,   Berlin   University, 

Gnesen,  b. 
1855. — Amschel  Mayer  v.  Eothschild,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1877. — Theodore  Creizenach,  historian,  convert,  d. 
1878. — Louis  Jean  Konigswarter,  politician,  Paris,  d. 
1885. — Wolfgang  Strassmann,  member  of  city  council,  Berlin,  d. 
1888. — Arnold  Domashowski,  Eussian  jurist,  d. 


114  MEMORABLE    DATES — DECEMBER. 


1820. — Abraham  Tiktin,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Breslau,  d. 
1823. — Leopold  Kronecker,  mathematician,  Liegnitz,  b. 
1895. — Solomon  Fiichs,  rabbi  and  writer  on  Jewish  science,  d. 
1900. — Henry  Eiissell,  song  composer,  London,  d. 


1816. — Adolf  Fischhof,  Austrian  politician,  Altofen,  b. 

1818. — David  xAsher,  b.     (See  December  3.) 

1822. — Saul  Ascher,  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

1826. — Cerf  Berr,  called  Ibrahim  Manzur  Effendi,  adventurer,  La- 

rousse,  d. 
1839. — Julius  Bernstein,  physiologist,  professor  at  Halle,  Berlin, 

b. 
1859. — M.  B.  Friedenthal,  merchant  and  Jewish  writer,  Breslau,  d. 
1871. — Jacob  Ettlinger,  orthodox  rabbi  and  author,  Altona,  d. 
1903. — Solomon  Lob,  financier  and  philanthropist,  New  York,  d. 


1669. — Mathathia  Calahorre,  martyred  by  Jesuits  at  Piotrkow. 

1712. — Simon  Frankfurter,  author  on  ritual,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1738. — Jews  expelled  from  Breslau. 

1804. — Edict  of  Czar  Alexander  to  establish  Jewish  colonies. 

1815. — Reform  service  in  the  house  of  Berr  forbidden  by  police. 

1818. — Sir  John  Simon,  English  Parliamentarian,  Jamaica,  b. 

1839. — Moriz  von  Hirsch,  philanthropist,  b. 

1869. — Meier  Zipser,  rabbi  and  author,  Stuhlweissenburg,  d. 

1880. — Jacob  Jacobs,  artist,  Antwerp,  d. 

1885. — Joseph  von  Hirsch,  father  of  Moritz  v.  Hirsch,  Munich,  d. 

10. 

1198. — Averroes  (ibn  Eoshd),  Arabic  philosoplior,  supposed  teacher 

of  Maimonides,  d. 
1768. — Ernst  K.  Kosenmiillor.  Christian  exegete,  TIessberg,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — DECEMBER.  11-^ 

1791._Jacob  Frank,  founder  of  a  Judeo-Christian  sect,  Offenbach, 

d. 

1814.— Sebastian  Bninner,  clerical  anti-semite,  Vienna,  b. 
1862.— Peter  Geller,  artist,  Sklow,  b. 
1864. — Gerson  Levy,  Eeforni  worker,  Metz,  d. 
1884.— Abraham  Placzeck,  chief  rabbi  of  Moravia,  Boskowitz,  d. 
1888.— S.  L.  Schwabacher,  rabbi,  Odessa,  d. 

1891. — Abraham  Knenen,  exegete  and  writer  of  a  Jewish  history, 
Christian,  Leiden,  d. 

11. 

1751. — Christian  William  von  Dohm,  advocate  of  the  Jews,  Lemgo, 

b. 
1809. — Theodore  Griesinger,  anti-semite,  novelist,  Kirmbach,  b. 
1835. — Adolf  Stocker,  court  chaplain  and  anti-semite,  Halberstadt, 

b. 
1890. — Heinrich  Davidson,  professor  of  medicine,  Berlin,  d. 
1896.— Cecilia  Furtado  Heine,  French  philanthropist,  d. 
1898. — Max  Griinbaum,  writer  on  Yiddish  literature,  Mimich,  d. 


12. 

1795. — M.  A.  Giinzburg,  Russian  Haskalah-writer,  Salant,  b. 
1893. — J.  Lowenberg,  geographer,  Berlin,  d. 
1897. — Isaac  Costa,  rabbi,  Leghorn,  d. 

1900.— M.  G.  Ottolenghi,  rabbi  and  pedagogical  writer,  Salonica, 
d. 

13. 

1204. — Moses  Maimonides,  Cairo,  d. 

1349. — Massacre  of  Jews  in  Germany. 

1585. — Eliezer  Ashkenazi,  Talmudical  author,  Cracow,  d. 

1807. — Levi  Bodenheimer,  rabbi  and  author,  Karlsruhe,  b. 

1830. — Isaac  Plessner,  translator  into  Hebrew,  Breslau,  d. 


116  MEMORABLE    DATES — DECEMBER, 


14. 


1808. — x\braham  b.  Elijah  (Gaon),  scientific  author,  Wilna,  d. 
1885. — Matthias  Straschun,  Maecenas  and  Tahnudical  scholar,  Wil- 

na,  d. 
1899. — Samuel  Schlessinger,  nautical  inspector,  Budapest,  d. 

15. 

1679. — Moses  Raphael  Aguilar,  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1818. — Abraham  Treuenfels,  rabbi  and  author,  b. 

1827. — Joseph  Halevy,  Orientalist,  Adrianople,  b. 

1833 — Prosper  Wittersheim,  advocate  of  the  Jews,  Strassburg,  d. 

1891. — Benedict  Zuckermann,  teacher  at  rabbinical  seminary,  Bres- 

lau,  d. 
1899. — Gottlieb  Adler,  mathematician,  Vienna,  d.       '         ^  ^^ 

16. 

1741. — Nathan  Adler,  mystic,  Frankfort-on-M.,  b. 

1778. — 1/udwig  Eobert,  dramatist,  brother  of  Rahel,  Berlin,  b. 

1878. — Carl  Gutzkw,  author  of  Uriel  Acosta,  d. 

1895. — Samuel  Spitzer,  rabbi  and  author,  Essek,  d. 

17. 

1568. — Israel  Horwitz  and  son-in-law,  Moses  b.  Joel,  burned  in 

Prague. 
1659. — Three  hundred  Jews  killed  at  Buchow. 
1700. — Zadek  Cohen  Belifante,  rabbinical  author,  Raussnitz,  d. 
1839. — Jos.  Flesch,  Neo-Hebrew  author,  Raussnitz,  d. 
1890. — Philip  Abraham,  English  author,  London,  d. 
1893. — Henry  Zirndorf,  rabbinical  author,  Cincinnati,  d. 

18. 

1706. — Moses  Jehuda  ben  Kalonymos   (Lob  Chariff),  rabbi,  Am- 
sterdam, d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES DECEMBER.  117 

1725.— Johann  Solomon  Semler,  ratiomalistic  theologian,  "Judaeis 

peior,"  Saalfeld,  b. 
1744. — Edict  expelling  Jews  from  Bohemia  issued. 
1803. — J.  G.  Herder,  admirer  of  Hebrew  poetry,  d. 
1813. — Baruch  Jeiteles,  Hebrew  author,  Prague,  d. 
1816. — David  Oppenheim,  rabbi  and  author,  Leipnik,  b. 
1889. — Heinrich  Deutsch,  Hungarian  Hebrew  writer,  Budapest,  d. 
1896. — Moritz  Eohr,  philanthropist,  Berlin,  d. 

•61 

1791.— David  Teble  Schiff,  rabbi,  London,  d. 

1837. — Leon  Gordon,  Hebrew  poet,  Wilna,  b. 

1844. — "Kahal"   (Synagogal  organization)   abolished  in  Russia. 

1886. — Giuseppe  Finzi,  Italian  patriot  and  senator,  d. 

1902. — Isaac  Askenasy,  painter,  Moscow,  d. 

1902. — Moses  Basilewsky,  Russo-Jewish  author,  Odessa,  d. 

20. 

1704. — John  Andreas  Eisenmenger,  the  bitter  enemy  of  the  Jews,  d. 
1816. — Zechariali  IVIendel  of  Podhaycz,  rabbinical  author,  Frank- 

fort-on-O.,  d. 
1816. — Simon  Bondi,  Hebrew  writer,  Dresden,  d. 
1821. — Michael  Levy,  Parisian  publisher,  b. 
1863. — Founding  of  the  society  Mefize  Haskalah,  Russia. 
1868. — Hungarian  Parliament  passes  laws  giving  Jews  politica] 

equality. 
1882. — Philipp  Ehrenberg,  principal  of  Samson  school,  d. 
1895. — Leopold  Jacoby,  poet  Zurich,  d. 

31. 

1627. — Four  Jews  killed  in  Cordova. 

1725. — Abraham  of  Glogau,  rabbinical  author,  d. 

1804. — Benjamin  Disraeli,  Lord  Beaconsfield,  London,  b. 


118  MEMORABLE    DATES DECEMBER. 

1832. — Sir  Samuel  Montague,  English  politician,  philanthropist, 

Liverpool,  b. 
1834. — Adolph  von  Sonnenthal,  Vienna  actor,  Budapest,  b. 
1838. — Samuel  Bernstein,  chief  rabbi,  Amsterdam,  d. 
1891. — Leon  Pinsker,  Zionistic  writer,  Odessa,  d. 
1895. — Moritz  Popper,  Jewish  historian,  Prague,  d. 

33. 

1239. — Abraham  Alfakar,  Hebrew  poet,  Toledo,  d. 
1773. — Solomon  Sachs,  architect,  Berlin,  b. 
1822. — Gerson  v.  Bleichroder,  financier,  Berlin,  b. 
1847. — Baron  Fuld,  Hebrew  scholar,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1890. — Sam.  Jos.  Fiinn,  noted  Hebrew  author,  Wilna,  d. 
1891. — Paul  de  Lagarde,  learned  Orientalist  and  anti-semite,  Got- 
tingen,  d. 

23 

1839. — M.  J.  Bresselau,  Reform  writer,  Hamburg,  d. 

1844. — Solomon  Heine,  philanthropist,  Henry  Heine's  uncle,  Ham- 
burg, d. 

1871. — Jonas  von  Konigswarter,  philanthropist,  Vienna,  d. 

1880. — George  Eliot,  writer  of  Daniel  Deronda,  d. 

1887. — Laurence  Oliphant,  Gentile  promoter  of  the  colonization 
of  Palestine,  d. 

1892. — 'Paulus  (Selig)  Cassel,  Jewish  missionary  and  scholar. 
Berlin,  d. 

24. 

1496. — Banishment  of  Jews  from  Portugal. 

1804. — Isaac  Satanow,  Hebrew  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

1813.— Henry  Russell,  b.     (See  Dec.  7.) 

1821.— Leon  Pinsker,  b.     (See  Dec.  21.) 

1841. — Flaminio  Servi,  rabbi  and  author,  Pitigliano,  b. 

1853. — Marco  Brociner,  novelist,  Jassy,  b. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — DECEMBER.  119 

25. 

1800.— Biir  Goldberg,  Hebrew  author,  Chlodna,  b. 

1825.— Adolph  de  Blowitz  (really  Oppert,  journalist,  convert),  Blo- 

witz,  b. 
1831. — Sol.  Lerrnnnn,  Sanscritist,  b. 
1834. — David  Friodlander,  Berlin,  d.     (See  Dec.  6.) 
183!). — David  Caro,  Keform  writer,  Posen,  d. 
1859. — Alphonse  Th.  Cerfberr,  dramatist,  d. 
1880. — Simon  v.  Oppcnheim,  banker  and  philanthropist,  Cologne, 

d. 
1884. — Solomon  Ilorxhcimer,  rabbi  and  author,  Bernburg,  d. 
1901. — Carl  Schick,  Palestine  explorer,  Jerusalem,  d. 

36. 

1669. — Gerson  Chefez,  Hebrew  author,  Venice,  d. 

1835. — Joseph  Perles,  rabbi  and  author,  Baya,  b. 

1838.— Giuseppe  Ottolenghi,  Italian  Minister  of  War,  Sabinnetta, 

b. 
1840. — David  Segre,  Italian  diplomat,  b. 
1859. — Bar  Oppcnheim,  rabbi,  Eibenschitz,  d. 
1873. — Isaac  Lowi,  Pcform  rabbi,  Flirth,  d. 
1883. — llirsch  B.  Fassel,  rabbi  and  author,  Gr.  Kanisza,  d. 
1885. — Julius  Glaser,  Austrian  minister,  convert,  d. 
1892. — lomtob  Baschanski,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Mir,  d. 
1892. — Isaac  Meir  Dick,  Hebrew  author,  Wilna,  d. 
1901. — Jonas  Bergtheil,  pioneer  in  Natal,  London,  d. 
1902. — Moritz  Scherbel,  preacher,  author,  Hamburg,  d. 

27. 

1812. — Shneor  Zalnuin  of  Liady,  Chasidic  author,  d. 
1818. — Lipmann  M.  Biischenthal,  Germnn  poet,  Berlin,  d. 
1837. — Lnnis  L()\vc,  (^icrman  ])arliamentarian,  b. 
1801. — Jacob  Eichenbaum,  Hebrew  writer  in  the  Jewish  Renais- 
sance movement,  Kiew,  d. 


120  MEiMOIUBLE    DATES — DECEMBER. 

1861. — Meir  Eisenstadter,  rabbi  and  Talmudic  author,  Unghwar,  d. 

1862. — Michael  Goudchaux,  French  Finance  Minister. 

1889. — Edward  Bendemann,  d.     (See  Dec.  3.) 

1893. — Moritz  Ehrentheil,  popular  writer,  Budapest,  d. 

1899. — Moses  Levi  Ehrenreich,  rabbi,  Eome,  d. 

28. 

1235. — Massacre  of  Jews  at  Lauda. 
1757. — ]\Ioses  Lwow,  chief  rabbi,  Nikolsburg,  d. 
1788. — Moses  J.  Landau,  writer,  Prague,  b. 
1810. — Levi  Herzfeld,  rabbi,  rabbi  at  Brunswick,  b. 
1811. — Ludwig  Philipson,  Jewish  publicist,  Dessau,  b. 
1828. — Joseph  v.  Weilen,  Dramatist,  convert,  Tetin,  b. 
1859. — Thomas  B.  Macauly,  champion  of  Jewish  rights,  d. 
1887. — Julius  Sachs,  composer,  Frankfort-on-M.,  d. 
1893. — Adolph  Jellinek,  preacher,  Vienna,  d. 

29. 

1590. — Zemach  Duran,  rabbi  and  author,  Algiers,  d. 

1817. — Aug.  Abrahamson,  philanthropist,  Gothenburg,  b. 

1853. — Ferdinand  Caspary,  mathematician,  Berlin,  b. 

1862. — Samuel  Mulder,  Dutch  Jewish  writer,  Amsterdam,  d. 

1889. — Ludwig  Philipson,  Bonn,  d.     (See  Dec.  28.) 

1891. — Leopold  Kronecker,  Berlin,  d.     (See  Dec.  7.) 

1896. — Jacob  Bacharach,  Hebrew  scientific  writer,  Bialystock,  d. 

30. 

1066. — Massacre  of  Jews  in  Granada. 

1702. — Joseph  Darshan,  rabbinical  writer,  Berlin,  d. 

1791. — Anton  von  Eosas,  anti-semitic  writer,  Fiinfkirchen,  b. 

1811. — Betty  Paoli  (Gliick),  German  poetess,  convert,  b. 

1832. — Max  Hirsch,  German  politician  and  political  economist,  b. 

1855. — Samuel  Bleichroder,  founder  of  banking  house,  Berlin,  d. 

1894. — Eugenia  Fortis,  Italian  poetess,  d. 


MEMORABLE    DATES — DECEMBER.  131 

31. 

1754. — Herzl  Levi,  in  Colmar  innocently  put  to  death. 

1829. — Isaac  Artom,  Italian  senator,  b. 

1852. — Zacharias  Wertheim,  physician  and  medical  writer. 

1871.— Samuel  Wolf  Schreiber,  rabbi  at  Pressburg,  son  of  Moses 

Sofer,  d. 
1888. — Samuel  Eaphael  Hirsch,  leader  of  neo-orthodoxy,   Frank- 

fort-on-M.,  d. 
1894. — David  Rosin,  teacher  at  Breslau  seminary,  d. 
1901. — B.  Spiers,  Dajan  and  Talmudic  author,  London,  d. 


INDEX. 

DIKECTIONS. 

1.  The  Eoman  figures  refer  to  the  months,  and  the  Arabic 
figures  to  the  day.  Where  two  dates  are  given,  the  first  refers 
to  the  birth,  and  the  second  to  the  death  of  the  person. 

2.  The  Hebrew  names  are  found  under  the  first  name,  so  Aaron 
ben  Meir,  under  Aaron,  Jacob  ha-Levi,  Jacob  of  Lissa  under  Jacob. 

3.  The  spelling  is  in  general  that  of  the  Jewish  Encyclopedia, 
except  that  for  the  Hebrew  "Chet''  the  "Ch  "  is  used. 


A. 


Aaron  ben  Meir,  XI,  24. 
Aaron  Berechja,  VII,  28. 
Aaron  Meir,  VII,  25. 
Abraham  Bernhard,  X,  1. 
Abeles  Lazarus,  II,  21. 
Abba,  XI,  21. 
Abbt,  Thomas,  XI,  3. 
Abendana,  Jacob,  IX,  12. 


Abraliam  ibn  Shoslian,  VIII,  29. 
Abraham,   Isaac,   VI,   10. 
Abraham,  Lissa,  IX,  32. 
Abraham,  Philip,  XII,  17. 
Abrahamson,  Meyer,  X,  21. 
Abrahamson,  Abraham,  VII,  22. 
Abrahamson,    August,    XII,    29, 
V,  16. 


Abendana,  Jacob,  Chayira,  IV,  5.  x\bravanel,  Joel,  VIII,  11. 


Abenheim,  Joseph,  I,  18. 
Aboab,  Isaac,  IV,  4. 
Aboab,  Samuel,  VIII,  22. 
Abraham,  Proselyte,  XII,  1. 
Abraham,  Abele,  IX,  22. 
xM)ralmm,  Abraham,  III,  31. 
Abraham  ben  Jehuda,   III,   12. 
Abraham  ben  David,  VII,  11. 
Abraham  ben  Elijah,  XII,  14. 
Abraham  of  Glogau,  XII,  21. 
Abraham  ben  Solomon,  V,  6. 


D'Abrest,  Paul,  VII,  26. 
Abudiente,  Moses  Gideon,  II,  24. 
Abulafia  Chayim  Nissim,  II,  21. 
Abulafia,  Meir  Halevi,  III,  29. 
Abulafia,  Moses,  VII,  18. 
Acsady,   Ignacz,  IX,  9. 
Adams,  Hannah,  XI,  15. 
Adersbach,  G.,  VIII,  30. 
Adler,  Dankmar,  IV,  15,  VII,  3. 
Adler,  David  B.,  V,  16,  XIT,  4. 
Adler,  Felix,  VIII,  13. 


122 


INDEX. 


123 


Adier,  Gottlieb,  XII.  15. 
Adler,  Guido,  III,  7. 
Adler,  Hermann,  V,  29,  V,  31. 
Adler,  Lazarus,  I,  5,  XI,  10. 
Adler,  Liebmann,  I,  9,  I,  29. 
Adler,  Xathan,  XII,  16,  IX,  17. 
Adler,  X.  M.,  I,  15,  I,  31. 
Adler,  Samuel,  XII,  2,  VI,  9. 
Aghion,  David  Eachmaim,  X,  25. 
Agobard,  VI,  6. 
Aguilar,  Grace,  VI,  2,  IX,  IG. 
Aguylar,  Moses  Eaphael  de,  XII, 

15. 
Aix,  I,  24. 

Aksakow,  Iwan,  X,  8,  II,  8. 
Alatri,  Samuel,  III,  12,  V,  20. 
Alarcon,  VII,  25. 
Augusti,  Francis  Albrecbt,  V,  13. 
Alexander  III.,  V,  10,  XI,  1. 
Alexander,  Bernhard,  IV,  13. 
Alexander,  Ephraim,  XI,  13. 
Alexander,  X.  A.,  I,  27. 
Alexander,  X.  A.,  XI,  30. 
Alexander,  M.  S.,  XI,  23. 
Alexandcrsohn,  Jobnatban,  XI, 

24. 
Alexandre,  Albert,  XI,  16. 
Alfakar,  Abraham,  XII,  22. 
Alfasi,  Isaac,  V,  19. 
Algeria,  naturalization  of  the 

Jews,  X,  24. 

riot  in,  V,  18. 
Alkan,  Cb.  v.,  XI,  30. 
Alkan,  Charles,   III,  24. 
Almanzi,  Joseph,  III,  25,  III,  7 


Alsace,  poll-tax  abolished,  I,  10. 
Altaras,  David,  IV,  3,  III,  29. 
.Vltaras,  Jacques  Isaac,  I,  30. 
Altona,  cliarter  issued,  VIII,  1. 
Alvarez,  Isabella  Xunez,  VII,  4. 

Alvarez,  Leonora,  VII,  6. 
Amsterdam,  Betstube  opened,  IX, 
12. 

Ashkenazi  Synagogue  opened, 
III,  26.^ 

Amsterdam,      Portuguese      syna- 
gogue dedicated  at,  VIII,  2. 

Amsterdam,     Keform     synagogue 
dedicated  at,  IX,  27. 

Anaklet  II.,  Pope,   I,  25. 

D'Ancona,   Samson,   XI,   20. 

Angel,  Moses,  IV,  29,  IX,  2. 

Angelo  Association  founded,  VII, 
2. 

Anspach,  Philip,  XII,  3. 

Anthoinc,  Xikolaus,  IV,  20. 

Antibi,  Abraham,  III,  13. 

Antokolski,  Marcus,  VII,  27. 

Arbib,  Edward,  VII,  27. 

Arbues,  Peter,  IX,  17. 

D'Argens,  the  Marquis,  I,  11. 

Arnheim,  Fischel,  I,  31,  II,  23. 

Arnheim,  Heimann,  IX,  22,  I,  16 

Arnold,  Abram  B.,  Ill,  28. 

Arnstein,  Fanny,  IX,  29,  VI,  8. 

Arnaud,  Aaron,  IV,  3. 

Aronius,  Julius,  VII,  29. 

Aronsohn,  Jacob  Leon,  IX,  8,  V, 
2. 

Artom,  Benjamin.  I,  6. 


134 


INDEX. 


Artom,  Isaac,  XII,  31,  I,  24. 
Ascension,  VIII,  3. 
Ascher,  Anton,  IV,  23. 
Ascher,  Saul,  II,  8,  XII,  8. 
Ascoli,  G.  0.,  VII,  16. 
Ascoli,  Isaac,  VI,  12. 
Aster,  A.,  IX,  1. 
Asher  ben  Jechiel,  X,  25. 
Asher,  David,  XII,  8. 
Ashkenazi,   Abraham,   I,   22. 
Ashkenazi,  Eliezer,  XII,  13. 
Ashkenazi,  Gerson,  II,  17. 
Ashkenazi,  Meir,  VI,  7. 
Ashkenazi,  Zebi,  VIII,  30. 
Ashkenazi,  Isaac,  I,  16,  XII,  15. 
Asser,  Karl,  II,  15,  VIII,  3. 
Asser,  C.  D.,  Ill,  11. 
Asylum,   Orphan,   1,   22. 
Atias,  Abraham,  VII,  9. 
Athias,  David,  III,  22. 
Atlas,  Lazar,  IV,  6. 
Attar,  Chajim  ibn,  VII,  6. 
Anb,  Joseph,  V,  22. 
Auerbach,  Aaron,  XII,  22. 
Anerbach,  Baruch,  I,  22. 
Anerbach,  Benjamin  H.,  IX,  30. 
Anerbach,  Berthold,  II,  28,  II,  8. 
Anerbach,  Isaac  Levin,  VII,  5. 
Anerbach,  Jacob,  X,  30. 
Anerbach,  ]\Ieyer,  Y,  8. 


Anerbach,  Simon  Wolf,  XI,  12. 
Augsburg,  XI,  29. 
"Auto  da  fe-'  in  Seville,  XI,  4. 
Austria,    Frederick    II.    promul- 
gated  Jewish   statute,    VII, 
14. 
poll  tax  abolished  in,  IX,  9. 
Cherem  prohibited,  V,  28. 
law   for   Jews   to    adopt   fam- 
ily names,  VI,  12. 
freedom  of  religion  proclaimed, 

III,  4. 
freedom  of  religion  promulgat- 
ed, V,  25. 
regulation    of    Jewish    rights, 
III,  21. 
Averroes    (ibn  Eoschd),   XII,   1. 
D'Avigdor,  Rachel,  XI,  5. 
D'Avigdor,  Elias  Henry,  II«,  16. 
Avigdor,  J.  S.,  XI,  4. 
Avila,  VI,  6. 
Ayllon,  Samuel,  IV,  10. 
Azevedo,  Daniel  Halcohen,  XI, 

18. 
D' Azevedo,  David  Acoen,  I,  10. 
Azulai,  Abraham,  XI,  6. 
Azulai,    Chajim,    Joseph    David, 

III,  1. 
Azulai,  Isaac  Zerachia,  I,  16. 
Azulay,  Isaac  Leonini,  VII,  17. 


B. 


Bach,  Joseph,  II,  3. 
Bacharach,  Jair  Chayim,  I,  1. 


Bacharach,  Samson,  IV,  19. 
Bacharach,  Samuel,  V,  26. 


INDEX.  125 

Bachrach,  Jacob,  V,  9,  XII,  29.  Basle,  Zionist  Congress,  VIII,  29. 
Bachrach,  Jehuda,  IV,  25.  Basnage,  Jacob,  IX,  23. 

Bacher,  Simon,  XI,  9.  Bass,  Schabetai,  VII,  21. 

Bacher,  William,  I,  12.  Bassewi,  Hendel,  VII,  4. 

Baden  I,  13,  X,  4.  Bassewi,  Jacob,  V,  2. 

Baer,  Abraham,  III,  6.  Bauer,  Bruno,  IX,  9,  IV,  15. 

Baer,  Seligman,  III,  1.  Bavaria,  III,  22. 

Baginsky,  Adolph,  V,  22.  Bavarian  edict,  VI,  10. 

Ballin,  Joel,  III,  20.  Bayard,  Sir  Henry,  VII,  7. 

Bamberger,  Isaac,  X,  26.  BeaconsfieM,  Lord,  IV,  18. 

Bamberger,  Ludwig,  VI,  22,  III,  Beck,  Jacob,  XI,  19. 

14.  Beck,  Karl  Isidor,  V,  1,  IV,  9. 

Bamberger,  Seligman  Bar,  XI,  8,  Beer,  Adolph,  II,  27. 

X,  13.  Beer,  J.  Beer,  XI,  5. 

Barby,  Meir,  VIII,  28.  Beer,  Bernhard,  VII,  20,  VII,  1. 

Barcelona,  VIII,  5.  Beer,  Jacob  Herz,  X,  28. 

Barcelona  disputation,  VII,  19.     Beer,  Michael,  VIII,  19,  III,  22. 
Bardach,  Eliah,  IV,  11.  Beer,  Michel,  VII,  4. 

Barnato,  Barney,  VII,  5,  VI,  14.  Beer,  Peter,  II,  19,  XI,  8. 
Barnay,  Ludwig,  II,  11.  Beer,  Wilhelm,  III,  27. 

Barocas,  Tamar,  VIII,  3.  Behak,  Jehuda,  VII,  18,  XI,  15. 

Barrasch,  Dr.  Julius,  IV,  12.         Bein,  Dr.  Louis,  IV,  22. 
Barrios,  Dan'l  Levi  de,  II,  19.       Belais,  Abraham,  VIII,  22. 
Barth,  J.  Ill,  3.  Belinfante,  Moses,  VI,  29. 

Bartholdy,  Jacob  Solomon,  V,  13,  Belinfante,    Zadik    Cohen,    XII, 

VII^  27.  17. 

Baruch,  ben  Samuel,  IV,  25.  Belmonte,  Sal.,  Ill,  19. 

Basch,  Abraham,  IX,  24.  Benamozegh,  Elijah,  II,  6. 

Basclianski,  XII,  26.  Bendavid    Lazarus,    X,    18,    III, 

Baschjazi,  Elijah  VI,  12.  28. 

Basewi,  Joachim,  II,  8.  Bender,  Dan'l,  I,  6. 

Basiled,  Abiad  Sar  Sholan,  X,  3.     Bendeman,  Ed.,  XII,  3,  XII,  27. 
Basiled,   Menachem,    Simson,   X,  Benedetti,  Salvatore  de,  VIII,  4, 

22.  Benedict,  Sir  Julius,  XI,  27,  VI, 

Basilewsky,  Moses,  XII,  19.  5. 


126 


INDEX. 


Benedict,  Marcus,  VIII,  12. 
Benedict,  Moritz,  VI,  30. 
Benedict,  Moses,  VII,  8. 
Benedict,  Rudolf,  II,  8. 
Benfey,  Theodor,  I,  28,  VI,  26. 
Benjakob,  Isaac,  I,  10,  VII,  2. 
Benjamin,  Israel  Joseph,  V,  4. 
Benjamin,  Judah.  P.,  V,  8. 
Bensew,  Jehuda  Lob,  II,  17. 
Benvenisti,  Cliayim,  VIII,  3. 
Berchheim,  Count.  VI.  13. 
Berendt,  Martin,  I,  31. 
Bergl,  Joseph,  II,  15. 
Berghtheil,  Jonas,  XII,  26. 
Berkowitz,  Benzion,  V.  10. 
Berlin,  martyrs  burned,  VII,  19. 
Academy    (first    Jewish    mem- 
ber)  X,  22. 
Congregation,    IX,    10. 
Orphan  Asylum,  IV,  30. 
Seminary,  XI,  18. 
Congress,  VII,  I. 
Berlin,  Isaiah,  V,  3,  VI,  20. 
Berlin,     Xaphtali     Zeli     Jehuda, 

VIII,  10. 
Berlin,     Xoah     Chayim    Hirsch, 

III,  7. 
Berliner,  Abraham.  V,  2. 
Berman,  Vassili,  III,  18. 
Bernal,  Abraham,  V,  3. 
Bernaj^s,  Isaac,  V,  1. 
Bernays,  Jacob,  IX,  18,  V,  1881. 
Bernays,  Michael,  XI,  17,  II,  25 
Bernhard    of    Clairveaux,    VIII 
20. 


Bernhardy,    Gottfried,    III,    20, 

V,  14. 
Bernhardt,  Sarah,  X,  22. 
Bernheim,  Ernst,  II,  18. 
Bernstein,  Aaron,  II,  13. 
Bernstein,  Julius,  XII,  8. 
Bernstein,  Max,  IX,  30. 
Bernstein,  Samuel,  XII,  21. 
Berolzheimer,  L.  E.,  V.  14. 
Berr,  Cerf,  XII,  8. 
Beschitzi,  Moses,  V,  9,  XII,  9. 
Besht,  Israel,  V,  21. 
Bessels,  Emanuel,  VI,  2. 
Bessels,  Emile,  III,  30. 
Biedermann,  Carl  Christian,  IX, 


Biesenthal,  J.  H.  R.,  VI,  25. 
Billroth,  Th.,  IV,  26,  II,  6. 
Bing,  Abraham,  II,  28. 
Bing,  Jisui  Berr,  VII,  21. 
BischoiTsheim,   Jam.   Raph.,   II, 

5. 
Bismarck,  Otto  Von,  IV,  1,  VII, 

30. 
Bleichroder,  Samuel,  XII,  30. 
,  Bleichroder,  Gerson  Von,  II.  19, 
XII,  22,  III,  21. 
Bloch,  Jos.  Sam.,  XI,  20. 
Bloch,   jMarcus  Eliezer,   VIII,   6. 
Block,  Maurice,  II.  18. 
Bloch,  Samson,  X,  7. 
.  Bloch,  Simon,  VIII,  10,  III,  22. 
.  Bloch,  Jean  de,  I,  6. 
,  Blood  accusation,  XI,  6,  VI,  30, 
VI,  29. 


INDEX.  127 

Blogg,  Sol.,  II,  11.  Bremersdorf,  Samuel,  V,  21. 

Blois,  J\lartyrs,  V,  26.  Breslaii,   Jews   expelled,   XII,   9. 

Blowitz,  Adolph  de,  XII,  25,   I,       Sclnde  opened.  III,  15. 

18.  Kab.   Conf.,  VII,   13. 

Bliicher,  Eph.  Isr.,  Ill,  6.  Brcslan,  M.  PI.  V,  14. 

Bochner,    Chayim,   II,   2.  Breslauer,  Eniil,  A' II,  28. 

Bodek,  Arnold,  XI,  15.  Bresselan,  M.,  XII,  23. 

Bodenheimer,     Levi,      XII,      13,  Bresslan,  Ilarrv,  III,  22. 

VIII,  25.  Briel,  Jelnida,  A'll,  20. 

Borne,  Lndwig,  V,  6,  II,  12.         British  Society,  III,  7. 
Bohemia — edict  of  expulsion,         Brociner,  Marco,  XII,  24. 

XII,  18.  Broda,  Abraham,  IV,  16,  X,  27. 

Bonald,  Ambroise,  X,  2,  XI,  23.  Broda,  Moses  ben  Abraham,  XII, 
Bondi,  Simon,  XII,  20.  4. 

Bondy,  Gottlieb,  XI,  15.  Brodsky,  Abraham,  X,  28. 

Borchart,  Samuel,  V,  16.  Bruck,  Moses,  VIII,  2. 

Boris,  Moses,  VI,  13.  Briichenhausen,  Isr.,  IV,  23. 

Born,  Gustav,  VI,  6.  Brugsch,  Pascha,  II,  18,  IX,  9. 

Boschan,  W.  Von,  IV,  6.  Briill,  Ignaz,  XI,  7. 

Cosing.  Hungary  Jews,  V.  21.       Briill,  Jacob,  XI,  29. 
Boskowitz,  Wolf  (Low),  VII,  14.  Briill,  Max  de  Dormony,  VI,  19. 
Brandes,  Edward,  X,  21.  Briill,  Nehemiah,  III,  16,  II,  5. 

Brandes,  George,  II,  4.  Brunner,    Philip,   I,    25. 

Brandon,  Ed.  E.  Pereire,  V.  23.  Brunner,  Sebastian,  XII,  10,  XI, 
Brasch,  I.,  VII,  16.  26. 

Brasch,  Moritz,  IX,  16.  Brussels,  Jews  burned,  V,  22. 

Bratzlav,  Xachman,  X,  7.  Buber,  Salomon,  II,  2. 

Braudes,  Euben  Asher,  X,  18.         Buchholz,   C.   A.,  XI,  15. 
Braunsch-weig   (Conference),  VI,  Buchow,  Jews  killed,  XII,  17. 

12.  Buchsbaum,  Wolf  Beer,  VI,  26. 

Braunschweig,  Jacob  Eliozer,  IV,  Biidinger,  Max,  IV,  1,  IT,  23. 

16.  Biidinger,  Moses,  I,  30. 

Breal,  Michel,  III,  26.  Bulow,  Hans  von,  I,  8,  II,  12. 

Brecher,  Gideon,  I,  14,  V.  12.         Burg,  Meno,  VIII,  26. 
Breidenbach,  AVoKf.  II,  28.  Burgheim,  S.  H.,  II,  27. 


128 


INDEX. 


Biischenthal,  Lipman  M.,  XII, 

27. 


Buxtorff,  John,  VIII,  16. 
Byck,  Sam.  Alex.,  IV,  26. 


c 


Cahen,  Isidore,  V,  7. 
Cahen,  Samuel,  I,  8. 
Calahorre,  Mathathia,  XII,  9. 
Calimani,   Simcha,  VIII,  2. 
Calish,  David,  VIII,  21. 
Camondo,  Abraham,  III,  30. 
Cansino,  Jacob,  IX,  19. 
Cantarini,  Isaac  Chayim,  V,  13. 
Capistrano,   Johann,   VI,   24, 

VIII,  3,  X,  23. 
Cappadoce,  Immanuel,  IX,  20. 
Carmol}'-,  Eljakim,  II,  15. 
Caro,  David,  XII,  25. 
Caro,  Jacob,  II,  2. 
Caro,  Joseph  Heimann,  TV,  20. 
Carpzov,  Prof.,  IV,  7. 
Caspary,  Ferdinand,  XII,  29. 
Caspary,  Ferd,  A^II,  15. 
Cassel,  David,  II,  11,  I,  22. 
Cassel,  Paulus,  II,  27,  XII,  23. 
Castello,  Abr.  Isaac,  VIII,  1. 
Castelli,  David,  X,  30,  I,  14. 
Castro  De,  Baruch  Xehemia,  I,  7. 
Cattavi,  Menahem,  IV,  4. 
Cerfberr,  Alphonse  Th.,  XII,  25. 
Cerfberr,  Frederick,  X,  27. 
Cerfberr,  Fr.,  IX,  22. 
Chajes,  Hirsch,  X,  12. 
Chajim  ben  Bejalel,  VI,  1. 


Chajim  ben  Isaak,  VI,  14. 
Chasak,  Jacob,  VII,  27. 
Chefez,  Gerson,  XII,  26. 
Chefez,  Jacob  Chai,  XI,  4. 
Chefez,  Moses,  X,  31. 
Cherem,  prohibited,  V,  28. 
Chicago,   Pari,   of  Eeligion,   IX, 

11. 
Chiera,  Esther,  III,  30. 
Chorin,  Aaron,  VIII,  24. 
Chronegk,  Ludwig,  XI,  3,  VII, 

7. 
Chronik,  I,  14. 
Chwolson,  Daniel,   XI,  21. 
Citron,  Samuel  Low,  V,  24. 
Colombo,  Coen,  II,  14. 
Cohen,  Chananja,  III,  29. 
Cohen,  Dina,  XII,  21. 
Cohen,  Feibus,  V,  8. 
Cohen,  Hermann,  VII,  4. 
Cohen,  Joseph,  XI,  1817,  XI,  23. 
Cohen,  Lionel  Louis,  VII,  26. 
Cohen,  Xahum,  VI,  27. 
Cohen,  Shalom,  II,  20. 
Cohn,   Sal,  IX,  22. 
Cohn,  Adolf  Ludwig,  V,  22,  I, 

13. 
Cohn,  Albert,  IX,  24,  III,  15. 
Cohn,  Ferdinand,  I,  24,  VI,  25. 


INDEX. 


139 


Cohn-Oppenheim,  Julie,  I,  5.         Coronel,  N.  N".,  VIII,  13. 
Cohn,  Moritz  von,  V,  1.  Cosel,  Countess,  X,  17. 

Cohnstein,  Isidor,  VI,   25.  Coslin,  Chayim,  III,  21. 

Colenso,  John  W.,  I,  24,  VI,  20.  Costa  da,  Isaac,  I,  li,  IV,  28. 
Cologna  Di,  Abraham,  III,  24.       Costa,  Isaac,  XII,  12. 
Cologne,  banishment  from,  A^II,  Cowen,  F.  H.,  I,  29. 

24,  Cracow,  X,  26. 

Cologne,  resettlement  in,  IV,  17.  Creizenach,  Michael,  V,  16,  VIII, 
Colonies,  XII,  9.  5. 

Conference,  VII,  13,  VI,  12,       Creizenach,  Th.,  IV,  17,  XII,  6. 

YII    15.  Cremieux,  Gaston,  XI,  30. 

Cordova  (4  Jews  killed  in),  XII,  Cremieux,  Hector,  IX,  30. 

21,  Croatia,  Equal  Eights  in,  X,  21. 

Cordovero,  Moses,  VI,  26.  Cromwell,  Oliver,  IV,  25,  IX,  3. 


D. 

Daly,  Charles,  IX,  19.  Deckingen,  Isaac,  X,  28. 

Damascus  Affair,  X,  28.  Delitzsch,  Franz,  II,  23. 

Protest  against,  VII,  3.  Dembitzer,  Chajim  X.,  VII,  29, 
Danon,  Abraham,  VIII,  1.  XI,  20. 

Danziger,   Abraham,  IX,   12.  Depping,  G.  B.,  V,  11,  IX,  5. 

Darmestetter,  Arsene,  I,  5,  XI,  Derembourg,  Hartwig,  VI,  17. 

1(3,  Derembourg,  Joseph,  VIII,  21, 
Darmestetter,  James,  III,  27,  X,  VII,  29. 

19.  Dessau,  Congreg.  at,  II,  16. 

David,  Chr.  Geo.  X.,  I,  16,  VI,  Dessauer,  Moritz,  IV,  29. 

18.  Deutsch,  Bernard  de  Hatvan,  X, 
David,  Halevi,  II,  20.  26. 

Davids,  A.  L.,  VII,  20.  Deutsch,  David,  IV,  26. 

Davidson,  Andrew  B.,  I,  26.  Deutsch,  Emanuel,  V,  13. 

Davidson,  Isaac  Henry,  XII,  11.  Deutsch,  Heinrich,  XII,  18. 

Davidson,  Wolf,  VIII,  19.  Deutsch,  Israel.  Gemeindebund, 
Deckert,  Joseph,  III,  21.  II,  28. 


130 


INDEX. 


Deutsch,  Israel,  IV,  2,  VI,  6. 
Deiitsch,  Joel,  III,  20,  V,  1. 
Deutsch,  Moritz,  II,  27. 
Deutsch,  Simon,  XI,  24. 
Deutz,  Emanuel,  I,  28. 
Dick,  Isaac  Meir,  XII,  26. 
Dick,  Leopold,  VII,  23. 
Dillmann,  Aug.,  VII,  8. 
Diskin,  x\bra.  Samuel,  I,  8. 
Disputations  at  Paris,  VI,  24. 
Disraeli,  Benjamin,   XII,  21. 
Dobruska,  Moses,  IV,  5,  VI  I,  12. 
Dohm,  Chr.  XII,  11,  V,  5. 
Domashowski,  Arnold,  XII,  6. 


Dollinger,   Ignaz  von,  II,   28,  I, 

10. 
Drach,  David  Paul,  III,  6. 
Dreyfus,  Alfred,  X,  9. 
Dreyfus,  Alfred,  arrested,  XI,  2. 

Condemned,  IX,  9. 

Degraded,  I,  5. 
Droyfus-Brisac,  Emile,  V,  5. 
Dubno,  Solomon,  VI,  23. 
Duehring,  Eugene,  I,  12. 
Dukes,  Leopold,  VIII,  3. 
Duenner,  Jos.  H.,  I,  4. 
Duran,  Zemach,  XII,  29. 
Duschak,  Moritz,  VII,  22. 
Duschenes,  Feivel,  I,  15. 


E. 


Ebers,  George,  III,  1,  VIII,  7. 
Eberstadt,  Ferdinand,  II,  10. 
Ebstein,  Wilh.,  XI,  27. 
Edelman,  Ilirsch,  XI,  20. 
Edelman,   S.  E.,  I,   11. 
Edersheim,  Alfred,  III,   16. 
Eger,  Akiba,  X,  12,  XI,  2,  IX, 

15. 
Eger,  Samuel,  XII,  3. 
Eger,  Solomon,  I,  3. 
Egers,  Jacob,  XI,  17. 
Ehlenberg,  S.  W.,  X,  1. 
Ehrenberg,  Philip,  XII,  20. 
Ehrenberg,  Samuel  Meyer,  X,  16, 

X,  21. 
Ehrenreich,  Moses  Levi,  XII,  27. 


Ehrentheil,  M.  Horice,  I,  19. 
Ehrentheil,  Moritz,  XII,  27. 
Ehrmann,  Daniel,  XI,  15. 
Eichenbaum,  Jacob,  XII,  27. 
Eichenhorn,  Prof.  VI,  25. 
Eidlitz,  Moses  Serach,  V,  17. 
Einhorn,  David,   XI,   10,  XI,  2. 
Eisenmengcr,   John    Andreas, 

XII,  20. 
Eisenstadt,  Ilirsch,  VIII,  21. 
Eisenstadter,   Meir,   XII,   27. 
Eisman,  Moses,  IV,  18. 
Eleazar  of  Brody,  IX,  28. 
Elijah  ben  Samuel,  VII,  1. 
Elijah,  Wilna,  X,  10. 
Eliot,  George,  XI,  22,  XII,  23. 


INDEX. 


131 


Elyaschar,  Jacob  Saul,  VI,  7. 
Emancipation,  Baden,  I,  13,  X, 
4. 

France,  IX,  27. 

Holland,  IX,  3. 

Kurhesscn,   X,   29. 

Posen,  VI,  1. 

Rhenish  Estates,  VII,  13. 
Embden-Heine,  Charlotte,  X,  18, 

X,'  14. 
Enidcn,  Jacob,  IV,  19. 
Euchel,  Isaac,  VI,  14. 
Emin,  Pasha,  X,  20. 
Ennery,  Adolphe  de,  I,  25. 
Ennery,  ]\Iarchand,  VIII,  21. 
Enoch  ben  Moses,  IX,  29. 
Eotvos,  Carl,  III,  11. 
Eotvos,  Joseph,  IX,  13,  II,  3. 
Ephraim,  Cohen,  VII,  17,  VI,  2, 
Ephraim,  Veitel  Heine,  V,  16. 
Ephnissi,  David,  X,  24. 
Epstein,  Jacob,  VIII,  Ki. 
Erckniann,  Emile,  V,  20,  III,  14. 
Erfurt,  XII,  G. 


Erlanger,  Michael,  IX,  30. 
Ernst,  Heinrich  Wilhelm,  X,  8. 
Erter,  Isaac,  V,  20. 
Eskeles,   Bernhard   Freiherr  von, 

VIII,  7. 
Eskeles,  Berusch,  III,  2. 
Ettinger,  Isaac  Aaron,  I,  16. 
Ettinger,  Mordecai  Zeeb,  VI,  19. 
Ettlinger,  Jacob,  XII,  8. 
Ewald,  Heinrich,  XI,  16,  V,  4. 
Ewald,  Job.  Ludwig,  IX,  16,  III, 

19. 
Estella,  III,   5. 

Expulsion    from    Bohemia,    XII, 
8. 

Breslau,  XII,  9. 

Liibeck,  III,  6. 

Niirenburg,    VII,    21. 

Paris,  Xt,  3. 

Presbnrg,  XI,  9. 

Sicily,  I,  21. 

Spain,  III,  21. 

Tyrnau,  II,  1. 
Eybeschiitz,  Jonathan,  IX,  18. 


F. 


Fagius,  Paul,  XI,  13. 
Falk,  Samuel,  IV,  17. 
Falkson,  Ferdinand,  VIII,  20, 

VIII,  31. 
Farjeon,  ]'>enj.  I^eop.,  VI,  23. 


FcMtel,   Moritz,   III,  21. 
Feldinann,   Leopold,  V,   22,   III, 

26. 
Felix,  Pachel,  II,  28,  I,  3. 
Felsenthal,  Bernhard,  I,  2. 


Fassel,  Hirsch  B.,  VIII,  21,  XII,  Fettmilch's  Uprising,  IX,  1. 
26.  Feust,  Karl,  X,  9,  VIII,  19. 


132 


INDEX. 


Fichte,  J.  B.,  V,  19. 
Finland,  IV,  10. 
Finzi,  Giuseppe,  XII,  19. 
Finzi,  Isaac  Eaphael,  IX,  25. 
Finzi,  Samuel  Sar  Shalom,  VII, 

9. 
Finzi,  Felice,  IX,  12. 
Fiorentino,  Sol.  II,  4. 
Firkowitsch,  Abraham,  X,  6,  VI, 

7. 
Fischel,  Edward,  V,  7. 
Fischel,  Eugene  Benj.  II,  7. 
Fischel,  Jacob,  IV,  19,  VI,  5. 
Fischer,  Albert,  XI,  5. 
Fischer,  Karl,  I,  22. 
Fischhof,  Adolf,  XII,  8,  III,  23. 
Fishmann,  Feisch,  V,  28. 
Fleckeles,  Eliezer,  IV,  27. 
Fleischer,  H.  L.,  II,  21. 
Flesch,  Joseph,  XII,   17. 
Foa,  Eduard,  VI,  29. 
Fonseca,  Abraham,  VII,  27. 
Formegini,  Isaac,  VII,  13. 
Formstecher,  S.,  VII,  27,  IV,  24. 
Forti,  Eugenia  Pavia,  I,  4,  XII, 

30. 
Fould,  Achilles,  XI,  17,  X,  5. 
Fould,  Benoit,  XI,  21,  VII,  28. 
France  (yellow  badge),  VI,  12. 

Days  of  trouble,  VII,  22. 

Exile,  IX,  17,  IX,  27. 

Cult,  II,  8. 
Franchetti,  XII,  12. 
Frank,  Adolf,  X,  9,  IV,  11. 
Franco,  Joseph,  V,  4. 


Francolm,  S.,  VII,  1. 

Franck,  Jacob,  XII,  10. 

Frankel,  Albert,  IX,  6. 

Frankel,  David,  VII,  20,  V,  18. 

Frankel,  Jonas,  I,  27. 

Frankel,  Maimon,  V,  27. 

Frankel,  Seckel,  VI,  4. 

Frankel,  Zacharias,  X,  1,  II,  13. 

Frankenburger,  Wolf,  V,  8. 

Frankfort-on-Main    (Eab.    Conf. 
opened),  VII,  15,  V,  24,  IV, 
14,  IX,  1. 
Famous  Fire  in  Jewish  Quar- 
ter, I,  14. 

Frankfurt,  Moses,  VIII,  15,  VI, 
5. 

Frankfurter,    Xaphthali,    II,    13, 
IV,  13. 

Frankfurter,  S.,  X,  9. 

Frankl,  Ludwig  August,  II,  3,  V, 
12. 

Frankl,  P.  F.,  VIII,  23. 

Franzos,  Carl  Emil,  X,  25,  I,  28. 

Frederic,  Harold,  X,  19. 

Frederick  the  Great,  VIII,  17. 

Frederick  ITL.  Emperor,  VI,  15. 

Frenkel,  Herman,  IV,  19. 

Frensdorff,  Ferd.,  VI,  17. 

Frensdorff,  Sol.,  Ill,   1. 

Freudenthal,  Jacob,  VI,  20. 

Freund,  Samuel,  I,  13. 

Freund,  Wilhelm,  I,  27,  VI,  4. 

Fre}^,  Joseph  Samuel,  IX,  21. 

Frey,  Joseph,  I,  4. 

Freyta^,  Gustav,  VII,  13,  IV,  30. 


INDEX.  133 

Frizzi,  Benzion,  V,  30.  Friedmann,  Moses  David,  XI, 
Friedberg,  Abraham  Shalom,  IV,  13. 

20.  Friedrichsfeld,  David,  II,  19. 

Friedberg,  Heinrich  von,  VI,  2.  Fries,  Jacob  F.,  VIII,  23,  VIII, 
Friedenthal,  M.  B.,  XII,  8.  10. 

Friedland,  A.  L.,  XI,  21.  Friesenhausen,  David,  III,  23. 

Friedlander,  David,  XII,  6,  XII,  Fubini,  Simon,  V,  26,  IX,  6. 

25.  Fuchs,  Solomon,  XII,  7. 

Friedlander,  Joseph  A.,  XI,  26.  Fuld,  Aaron,  XII,  22. 

Friedlander,  Solomon,  XI,  23,  Fnlda,  Lndwig,  VII,  14. 

VIII,  22.  Funn,   Samuel  Joseph,   XI,   14, 
Friedmann,  Abraham  Jacob,  IX,  XI,  22. 

13.  Furst,  Julius,  V,  12. 

Friedmann,   Israel,   XI,   19.  Furstenthal,  Eaphael,  II,  16. 

Friedmann,  Meyer,  VI,  15.  Furtado,  Abraham,  I,  29. 


G. 

Galante,  Moses,  II,  11.  Germany    (religious  freedom), 
Galicia,  gymnasium  education,  VII,  3,  II,  17,  I,  11. 

YII,  7.  Gerson,  H.,  XII,  3. 

Gans,  David,  VIII,  25.  Gesellschaft  der  Freunde,  I,  30. 

Gans,  Edward,  III,  22,  V,  5.  Gesenius,  William,  X,  23. 

Gans,  Samuel  Philipp,  XI,  1.  Ghillany,  Friedr.  W.,  I,  26. 

Ganzfried,  Salomon,  VII,  31.  Ghirondi,  Marco  Samuel,  I,  4. 

Gawison,  Abraham,  VII,  11.  Ginsberg,  Ad.,  VII,  28. 

Geiger,  Abraham,  V,  24,  X,  23.  Ginsberg,  Asher,  V,  11. 

Geiger,  Lazarus,  V,  21,  VIII,  29.  Ginzberg,  Meier  Jacob,  II,  27. 

Geiger,  Ludwig,  VI,  4.  Glagau,  Otto,  III,  2. 

Geiger,  Solomon,  IX,  4.  Glaser,  Julius,  III,  9,  XII,  26. 

Geldern,  Dr.  Gottschalk  von,  X,  Gliick,  Betty,  XII,  30,  VI,  5. 

12.  Gneist,  Rudolph,  VII,  22. 

Geldern,  Joseph  von,  IV,  25.  Godefroi,  Mich.  H.,  VI,  25. 

Geller,  Peter,  XII,  10.  Goedsche,  Hermann,  II,  2,  XI, 


134 


INDEX. 


Goldberg,  Baer,  XII,  25,  V,  7. 
Goldberg,  Samuel  Loeb,  I,  3. 
Goldmann,  Kabbi,  VII,  34. 
Goldmann,  Isaac,  I,  13. 
Goldmark,  Joseph,  IV,  22. 
Goldsmid,  Albert  W.,  Ill,  27. 
Goldsmid,  Anna,  II,  8. 
Goldsmid,  Francis,  V,  1,  V,  2. 
Goldsmid,  Francis  H.,  VII,  2. 
Goldsmid,  Isaac  Lyon,  I,  13,  IV, 

27. 
Goldsmid,  Julian,  X,  2,  I,  7. 
Goldschmidt,   Henrietta,   XI,  23. 
Goldschmidt,  Hermann,  VI,  7. 

VIII,  30. 
Goldschmidt,  H.  S.,  II,  27. 
Goldschmidt,  Lewin,  V,  30,  VII, 

16. 
Goldschmidt,  j\Ieyer  Aaron,  X, 

24. 
Goldschmidt,  Moritz  von,  VI,  10, 

IV,  5. 
Goldschmidt,  Selig,  I,  15. 
Goldschmidt,  Siegfried,  I,  31. 
Goldstnecher,  Theodore,  I,  18. 

Ill,  6. 
Goldziher,  Ignaz,  VI,  22. 
Goldziher,  William,  A^,  1. 
Gomperz,  Julius  von,  IX,  21. 
Gomperz,  Theodore,  III,  19. 
Goodman,  Julia,  XI,  12. 
Gordon,  David,  V,  1. 
Gordon,  Leon,  IX.  19,  XTl,  19. 
Gottheil,  Gustav,  IV,  15. 
Gottlober,  A.  B.,  IV,  12. 


Gottstein,  Jacob,  I,  11. 
Goudchaux,  Michel,  III,  18,  XII, 

27. 
Goudsmid,  Prof.,  Ill,  18. 
Graeber,  Els,  VII,  26. 
Graetz,  Hirsch,  IX,  7. 
Granada,  XII,  30. 
Granboom,  Isaac,  III,  10. 
Grant,  U.  S.,  IV,  27,  VII,  23. 
Graziano,  Abr.  Jos.  Sal.,  XI,  4. 
Gregoire,  Abbe,  XII,  4,  V,  28. 
Griesinger,  Theodore,  XII,  11. 
Gross,  Jenny,  V,  9. 
Grotwohl,  Meier,  IX,  13. 
Gruber,  Joseph,  III,  31. 
Gruenbaum,  Max,  XII,  11. 
Gruenbaum,  Elias,  IX,  25. 
Gruenberger,  Aaron,  X,  8. 
Gruenwald,  M.,  VI,  10. 
Guastalla,  Enrico,  IX,  22. 
Guedemann,  Moritz,  II,  19. 
Gumpel,  Lazarus,  XI,  10. 
Gumperz,  E.  Samuel,  III,  9. 
Guensberg,  S.,  I,  23. 
Giinzburg,  Baron  David,  VII,  5. 
Giinzburg,  Baron  Joseph  von,  I, 

12. 
Guenzburg,  M.  A.,  XII,  12. 
Gurland,  Jona,  XI,  4. 
Gurlitt,  Prof.,  Ill,   15. 
Gusikow,  Michael  J.,  XI,  14. 
Giitheim,  James,  VI.  11. 
Gutraan,  Joseph,  IT,  7. 
Gutmann,  William  von,  X,  17. 
Gutzkow,  Carl,  TIT,  17,  XII,  16. 


INDEX. 


135 


H. 


Haarbleicher,  M.  M.,  XI,  14. 

Haber,  Sigmimd,  II,  27. 
Haber,  Sol.  von,  I,  23. 
Hackney,  John,  VI,  17. 
Hai,  Gaon,  III,  28. 
Haida,  Samuel,  VI,  1. 
Haindorf,  Marks,  V,  2. 
Haindorf,  Alexander,  X,  16. 
Halban,   Edward,  VIII,   13. 
Halberstannn,  Sal.  Joachim,  III, 

24. 
Halberstadt,  school  founded,  IV, 

1. 
Halberstadt,  Berman,  VI,  9. 
Halevi,  Ludovic,  I,  1. 
Halevy,  Jacques  Fromental,  V, 

27,  III,  17. 
Halevy,  Joseph,  XII,  15. 
Halevy,  Leon,  I,  14,  IX,  3. 
Halphen,  G.  E.,  V,  22. 
Haltern,  Joseph,  IX,  5. 
Hamberger,  C.  H.,  Ill,  2. 
Hamburg,  Eeform  temple,  X,  18. 
Hamburger,  Jacob,  XI,  10. 
Hamburger,  Wolf,  V,  15. 
Hanau,  Solomon,  IX,  15. 
Hanover    (reactionary  law),   X, 

15. 
Harbruecker,  Theodor,  I,  21. 
Hardenberg,  Karl  August  Prince, 

XI,  26. 
Harkavy,  Albert,  X.  17. 
Harris,  Emily  Marion,  XII,  5. 


Hart,  Solomon,  Alex,  VI,  11. 
Hart,  Ezekiel,  IX,  16. 
Hartmann,  A.  Th.,  IV,  20. 
Hartmann,  Moritz,  X,  15,  V,  13. 
Hartvig,  Isaac,  VIII,  4. 
Haselbauer,  Francis,  IX,  7,  IX, 

23. 
Hattischerilf  of  Gulhane,  XI,  3. 
Hazan,  David,  I,  17. 
Hazan,    Joseph,    X,    31. 
Hebrew  books  burnt,  VI,  16. 
Hecht,    Emanuel,    II,    25. 
Heidenheim,  Wolf,   II,   26. 
Heilbronn,  X,  19. 
Hcilprin,  Michael,  V,  10. 
Heilprin,  Phineas,  Mendel,  I,  30. 
Heimerdinger,  Meir,  XI,  12,  VI, 

17. 
Heine,    Cecilia   Furtado,    III,    6, 

XII,  17. 
Heine,  Gustav,  XI,  15. 
Heine,  Heinrich,  II,  17. 
Heine,  Solomon,  XII,  23. 
Hoinemann,  Jeremias,  X,  16. 
Heinemann,  IV,  7. 
Heller,  Hirsch,  X,  28. 
Heller,  Jomtob  Lipman,  VIII, 

19. 
Heller,    Scligman,   VII,   8,   I,   8. 
Hendel,  ben  Shemarya,  IX,  18. 
Henikstein,  Alfred  von,  I,  29. 
Henle,  Elisa,  VIII,  18. 
Henle,  Sigmund  von,  VI,  30. 


136  INDEX. 

Henne,  Otto,  VIII,  26.  Hiniichsen,  Marcus  Wolf,  IV,  18. 

Henoch,  Max,  IX,  26.  Hirsch,  Baroness  Clara  de,  IV,  1. 

Herder,  J.  G.,  VIII,  25,  XII,  18.  Hirsch,  Jenny,  XI,  25,  III,  10. 
Hermann,  B.  A.,  X,  18,  V,  29.        Hirsch,  Joseph  von,  VII,  2. 
Hersch,  Hermann,  VII,  27.  Hirsch,   Marcus,   XI,   1. 

Herschell,  Lord  Farrar,  III,  1.       Hirsch,  Max,  XII,  30. 
Herschell,  Solomon,  II,  3,  XI,  1.  Hirsch,  Mendel,  III,  28. 
Hertz,  Henrick,  VIII,  25,  II,  25.  Hirsch,  Moritz  von,  IV,  21. 
Herxheimer,  Sol.,  II,  5,  XII,  25.  Hirsch,  Philip,  V,  2. 
Herz,  Cornelius,  VII,  6,  Hirsch,  Samuel,  VI,  8,  V,  14. 

Herz,  Henri,  I,  6,  I,  5.  Hirsch,  Samson  Eafael,  VI,  20, 

Herz,  Henrietta,  IX,  5,  X,  22.  XII,  31. 

Herz,  Jacob,  II,  2,  IX,  27.  Hirsch,  Siegfried,  XI,  5,  IX,  11. 

Herz,  Jacques,  I,  27.  Hirsch,  Theod,  I,  17. 

Herz,  Marcus,  I,  17,  I,  19.  Hirschell,  Hermann,  III,  20,  XI, 

Herz,  Mendel,  III,  17.  26. 

Herzberg,  Wilhelm,  I,  30.  Hirschensohn,  Isaac,  X,  7. 

Herzberg,  W.,   IV,   20.  Hirschfelder,  Samuel,  V,  16. 

Herzberg-Frankel,  Leo,  IX,  19.       Hirschler,  Ignaz,  XI,  11. 
Herzfeld,  Jacob,  X,  24.  Hirzel,  Levi,  XII,  31. 

Herzfeld,  Levi,  XII,  28,  III,  11.  Hitzig,  Ferdinand,  VI,  23,  I,  22. 
Herzka,  ben  Abba,  IV,  3.  Hitzig,  Julius,  jurist.  III,  26. 

Herzl,  Theodor,  V,  2 ;  VII  3.  Hitzig,  Julius,  architect,  XI,  26. 

Hess,  J.,  X,  6.  Hochheimer,  Moses,  II,  10. 

Hess,  Mendel,  VIII,  9,  IX,  21.      Hochstraten,  Jacob  von,  I,  21. 
Hess,  Michael,  II,  26.  Hock,  Simon,  XI,  27,  X,  22. 

Hess,  Moritz,  IV,  5.  Hoff,  John,  III,  11. 

Hessen,  poll-tax  abolished,  I,  12.  Hofmann,  M.  D.,  IX,  27. 
Hildesheimer,  Israel,  V,  17,  VII,  Holdheim,  Hermann,  I,  14. 

12.  Holdheim,  Samuel,  VIII,  22. 

Hillel,  ben  Naphtali  Herz,  I,  11.  Holland,  VII,  12,  V,  12,  IX,  2. 
Hiller,  Ferdinand  von,  X,  24,  V,  Hollander,  Benjamin,  V,  12. 

10.  Hollander,  Leo,  VI,  5. 

Hinrichsen,  Sigmund,  I,  17,  X,     Holstein,  political  equality,  A"II, 

22.  14. 


INDEX. 


137 


Homberg,  Herz,  VIII,  24. 
Homel,  IX,  14. 
Horn,  Edward,  XI,  2. 
Homem,  Dr.  Antonio,  V,  5. 
Honigmann,  David,  VII,  22. 
Honigsberg,  Israel  von,  X,  30, 

19. 
Honigsmann,  Oswald,  IX,  24, 
Horowitz,  Chayim,  M.,  IV,  8. 
Horowitz,  Hirsch,  IX,  20. 
Horowitz,  Isaac  Levy,  V,  5. 
Horowitz,  Israel,  XII,  17. 
Horowitz,  Jacob,  IV,  23. 
Horowitz,  Jehuda,  XI,  12. 
Horowitz,  Lazar,  VI,  11. 


Horowitz,  Meschullam,  VIII,  17. 
Horowitz,  Scheftel,  IV,  12. 
Horowitz,  Schmelke,  IV,  28. 
Horschetzky,  Moriz,  XI,  7. 
Horwitz,  Aaron,  IX,  29. 
Horwitz,  Bernhaxd,  VIII,  29. 
Hottinger,  Prof.  VI,  5. 
Hubsch,  Adolph,  X,   10. 
Humboldt,  Alexander  von,  V,  6. 
Hima,  Mari,  I,  7. 
Hungarian    law    giving    political 

equality,  XII,  20. 
Hurwitz,  Phineas,  VII,  1. 
Hurwitz,  Simon,  III,  6. 


L 


Ibn  Ezra,  Abraham,  I,  23. 

Ibn  Shoshan,  Joseph,  I,  20. 

Inquisition,  Spain,  XI,  1. 

Logrono,  XI,  7,  XI,  8. 

Isaac  E.,  V,  29. 

Isaac  Menahem  ben  Isaac,  VIII, 

16. 
Isaac  ben  Pethachja,  I,  23. 
Isaac  ben  Samson  Cohen,  V,  30. 
Isaac,  Saul,  X,  6. 
Isaacson,  Siegfried,  IX,  27. 
Isidore,  Lazare,  IX,  16. 


Isler,  Meyer,  VIII,  19. 

Israel  (martyr  Eushony),  IX,  19, 

Israel,  Elijah,  II,  1. 

Israel  Levi  ben  Moses,  IV,  20. 

Israel  of  Krems,  V,  3. 

Israel  ben  Shabbathai,  IX,  29. 

Isaac  d'Israeli,  I,  19, 

Israels,  Joseph,  VI,  27. 

Isserls,  Moses,  V,  1. 

Italian  Senator  (first),  XI,  20. 

Itzig,  Daniel,  V,  21. 

Itzig,  Isaac  Daniel,  VII,  7. 


J. 

Jablonski,  Daniel  E.,  XI,  26,  V,  Jachia,  Gedalia,  IX,  20. 
25.  Jacob  ben  Meir,  VI,  9. 

Jacca,  VI,  24.  Jacob,  Halevi,  IX,  14. 


138 


INDEX. 


Jacob,  Joshua,  I,  16.  Jellinek,  Adolph,  VI,  26,  XII, 
Jacob  of  Lissa,  V,  25.  28. 

Jacobi,  Abraham,  V,  6.  Jellinek,  Georg,  VI,  16. 

Jacobowski,  Ludwig,  I,  21,  XII,  Jellinek,  Hermann,  I,  22,  XI,  23. 

2.  Jellin,  Arjeh  Lob,  IV,  12. 

Jacobs,  Jacob,  XII,  9.  Jesi,  Samuel,  IX,  4,  I,  17. 

Jacobsohn,  Ed.,  XI,  10.  Jessel,   Sir   George,  II,   23,   III, 
Jacobson,  Edward,  I,  29.  21. 

Jacobson,  Israel,  X,  17,  IX,  13.  Jew  Badge,  XI,  30. 

Jacobson,  Ludwig,  I,   10.  Jewish  Theological  Seminary, 
Jacobson,  Louis  Levin,  VIII,  29.  IV,  26. 

Jacoby,  Johann,  V,  1.  Jews'  College,  XI,  11. 

Jacoby,  Leopold,  XII,  20.  Joachim,  Joseph,  VI,  28. 

Jadassohn,  Solomon,  VIII,  3,  II,  Joachimson,  Philipp,  I,  6. 


1. 
Jafe,  Mordecai,  III,  7. 
Jaffe,  Philipp,  II,  17,  IV,  3. 
Jahn,  Johann,  V,  18,  VIII,  16. 
Japhet,  Israel  M.,  XI,  10. 
Jastrow,  M.,  V,  13,  X,  13. 
Jehiel,  Hacohen,  VI,  29. 
Jehuda,  ben  Asher,  VII,  4. 


Joel,  David,  IX,  7. 
Joel,  IManuel,  X,  19,  XI,  3. 
Johlson,  Joseph,  VI,  13. 
Jolles,  Fabian,  IX,  12. 
Jona,  Meir,  VI,  23. 
Joseph  II.,  II,  20,  VI,  2. 
Joseph  Darshan,  XII,  30. 
Joseph  ben  Mordecai,  I,  28. 
Joseph  Shammash,  II,  5. 


Jehuda,  Chasid,  X,  19. 
Jehuda,  Saltaro  da  Fano,  IX,  5.  Josephs,  Meier,  II,  14. 
Jeitteles,  Alois,  VI,  20,  IV,  16.  Josephson,  Joseph,  VIII,  22. 
Jeitteles,  Barucli,  IV,  22,  XII,       Joshua,  Falk  Cohn,  IV,  29. 


18. 
Jeiteles,  Ignaz,  IX,  13,  VI,  19. 
Jeiteles,  Jonas,  V,  9,  IV,  18. 
Jeiteles,  Juda,  VI,  6. 


Kahane,  Hillel,  IV,  7. 
Kahn,  Leon,  VI,  9. 
Kahn,  Zadok,  II,  18. 


Joshua  ben  Jacob,  X,  21. 
Joshua,  Israel,  VII,  9. 
Joshua  ben  Joseph,  VIII,  16. 
Jost,  Isaac  Marcus,  II,  22,   XI, 
20. 

K. 

Kaidanower,  Aaron   Samuel,  VT, 

30. 
Kalisch,  D.,  II,  23. 


INDEX.  139 

Kalisch,  Isidore,  V,  11.  Kennicot,  Bishop,  IV,  18. 

Kalisch,  Ludwig,  IX,  7,  III,  3.       Kern,  Jacob,  X,  4. 
Kalisch,  Marcus  M.,  VIII,  23         Kestin,  Bar,  II,  16,  III,  35. 
Kalisch,  Moritz,   III,   23.  Kimchi,  Chayim,  VI,  2. 

Kalischer,  Ilirsch,  IV,  3;  X,  IG.  Kirchheim,  Raphael,  IX,  5. 
Kallir,  Eleazar,  X,  22.  Kirstein,  Moritz,  VII,  12. 

Kallir,  Nathan  von,  XI,  11,  II,  4.  Kisch,  Abraham,  VI,  7. 
Kamicnetz,  XI,  3.  Kishineff,  IV,   19. 

Kiimpf,  Sanl  Isaac,  X,  15.  Kitseer,  Micliael,  IX,  28. 

Kann,  Jacob,  I,  19.  Kitzingen,  Joseph  Chayim,  V, 

Kaplan,  Jacob,  VII,  15.  22. 

Kaplan,  Wolf,  V,  18.  Kitzingen,   VIII,   G. 

Kara,  Abigedor,  IV,  24.  Klapp,  Michael,  II,  26. 

Karaite,  X,  6,  VI,  7.  Klein,  Max,  I,  27. 

Karben,  Victor  von,  II,  15.  Klein,  Solomon,  XI,  10. 

Karpeles,  EL,  VII,  7.  Klein,  Tlieodore,  V,  1. 

Karpeles,  Giistav,  XI,  11.  Klemporer,  Outmann,  I,  28. 

Kassel,  Abraham,  XI,  4.  Kley,  Edward,  VI,  10,  X,  4. 

Katz,  Menahem,  II,  23.  Klingenstein,  Joseph,  XI,  13. 

Katzenelnbogen,    Abraham,    IV,     Klnger,  Solomon,  VI,  9. 

30.  Kohn,  Abraham,  X,  6. 

Katzenelnbogen,  Ezekiel,  VII,  9.  Kohn,  Sal.,  Ill,  8. 
Katzenelnbogen,   Hirsch,  XI,  11,  Kohner,  M.,  IV,  4. 

Ill,  10.  Kohiit,  Alex.,  V,  25. 

Katzenelnbogen,   Sam.  Jeh.,  Ill,  Kollonitsch,  L.,  X,  26,  I,  20. 

25.  Kompert,  Leopold,  V,  15,  XI,  23. 

Kauder,  Samuel  Loeb,  V,  6.  Konigswarter,   Max,   VII,    5,   X, 

Kaufmann,  Arkadi,  III,  24.  12. 

Kaufmann,  David,  VII,  6.  Konigswarter,  Jonas  v.,  XII,  23. 

Kaufmann,  Jacob,  XI,  10,  X,  9.   Konigswarter,    Louis    Jean,    III, 
Kaulla,  Benjamin  von,  I,  16.  12,  XII,  6. 

Kayser,  Paul,  II,  13.  Konigswarter,  Moritz  von,  XI, 

Kayserling,  M.,  VI,  17.  14. 

Keller,  Naphtali,  VIII,  5.  Konigswarter,  William,  V,  15. 

Kempner,  Frederick,  II,  23.  Konitz,  murder  at.  III,  11. 


140 


IXDEX. 


Korner,  Moses,  XI,  23. 
Kornfeld,  Aaron,  X,  26. 
Kornfeld,  Siegmund,,  III,  27. 
Kosch,  Eaphael,  X,  5,  III,  27. 
Kowner,  Saul,  IX,  22. 
Krems,  IX,  29. 
Kremsier,  VI,  26. 
Kristeller,  S.,  Y,  26,  VII,  15. 
Krochmal,  Mendel,  I,  2. 
Krochmal,  Nachman,  II,  19,  VII, 

31. 
Kromczyk,  Isaac,  IX,  25. 


Kronecker,  Leopold,  XII,  7,  XII, 

29. 
Krug,  W.  T.,  VI,  22,  I,  12. 
Kuenen,  Abraham,  XII,  10. 
Kiiffner  von,  Ignace  Edler,   III, 

24. 
Kuli,  Moses  Epliraim,  IV,  5. 
Kimitzer,   Moses,   II,   2. 
Kuranda,  Ignatz,  V,  8,  IV,  3. 
Kurhessen,  X,  29. 
Kiirnick,  Meir,  VIII,  9. 


L. 


Lagarde,  Anguste  de,  XI,  2,  XII, 

22. 
Lakri,  Jakob  Kohen,  XI,  23. 
Lambert,  V,  15. 
Laemmel,  Simon  von,  VIII,  28, 

IV,  18. 
Lampronti,  Isaac,  XII,  5. 
Landau,  Adolph,  VIII,  3. 
Landau,  Ezekiel,  IV,  29. 
Landau,  Jacob,  VII,  20. 
Landau,  Moses  J.,  XII,  28,  V,  4. 
Landau,  Samuel,  X,  31. 
Landau,  Wolff,  III,  1,  VIII,  4. 
Landauer,  M.  H.,  II,  3. 
Landesmann,  Heinrich,  VIII,  9, 

XII,  3. 
Landsberger,  Julius,  VIII,  10, 

III,  3. 
Landshuth,  Lazarus,  I,  13,  III, 

23. 


Langbank,  Alexander,  X,  22. 
Lara,  David  Cohen  de,  X,  10. 
Lasker,  Eduard,  X,  14,  I,  5. 
Lassalle,  Ferdinand,  IV,  11, 

VIII,  3. 
Lateran,  Council,  XI,  30. 
Lattes,  Moses,  YII,  25. 
Lauda,  persecution  at,  I,  2. 
Lazard,  Jacob,  VII,  25. 
Lazare,  Bernard,  IX,  1. 
Lazarus,  Emma,  XI,  19. 
Lazarus,  L.,  IV,  16. 
Lazarus,  ^loriz,  IX,  15,  IV,  13. 
Lebensohn,  Abraham  Baer,  XI,  9. 
Lebensohn,  Micha  Josepli,  II,  22, 

II,  17. 
Lebrecht,  H.,  XI,  17. 
Lebrecht,  F.,  IX,  1. 
Lederer,  J.  L.,  VIII,  23,  VII,  31. 
Lefmam,  Sol.,  XII,  25. 


INDEX. 


141 


Lehmann,  Emil,  II,  25. 
Lehmann,  Joseph,  II,  19,  IV,  14. 
Lelewel,  V,  29. 
Lema,  Beer,  V,  6. 
Leman,  Hartog,  XII,  5. 
Lemans,   Moses,   X,   17. 
Lemberg  (powder  explosion), 

XI,  23,  V,  8,  V,  3,  IX,  19. 
Leutschnetz,  Hirsch,  VII,  6. 
Lerner,  Eh.  Zewi,  IV,  14. 
Lerner,  Chayim  Zebi,  V,  6. 
Lesser,  Louis,  XII,  2. 
Lessmann,  David  L.,  I,  18,  IX,  2. 
Letteris,  Max,  V,  19. 
Levi,  Abr.,  IX,  28. 
Levi,  Benedict,  X,  14. 
Levi,  David,  X,  24. 
Levi,  David,  V,  8. 
Levi  ben  Gerson,  IV,  20. 
Levi,  Giuseppe,  VI,  10,  VII,  10. 
Levi,  Hermann,  V,  13. 
Levi,  Joseph,  IV,  24. 
Levi,  Leo  X.,  I,  13. 
Levi,  Leone,  XII,  6,  V,  7. 
Levi,  Michael,  V,  4. 
Levi,  Eaphael,  V,  17. 
Levin,  George,  IV,  19,  XI,  2. 
Levin,  Hirschell,  VIII,  26. 
Levin,   Rachel    (Varnhagen),   V, 

19,  III,  7. 
Levita,  Elijah,  I,  28. 
Levitan,  J.,  VII,  25. 
Levy,  A.  S.,  VII,  21. 
Levy,  Caiman,  VI,  18,  X,  19. 
Levy,  Emil,  VIII,  3. 


Levy,  Gerson,  II,  25,  XII,  10. 
Levy,  Jacob,  II,  27. 
Levy,  Louis,  I,  25. 
Lev}',  Meyer,  X,  18. 
Levy,  Maurice,  II,  28. 
Levy,  Michael,  VIII,  12. 
Levy,  Michael,  I,  31,  XII,  20. 
Levy,  Michel,  IX,  28,  III,  15. 
Levy,  M.  A.,  Ill,  11,  II,  22. 
Levy,  Eaphael,  I,  17. 
Lewald,  August,  IX,  14,  III,  10. 
Lewald,  Fanny,  III,  24,  VIII,  5. 
Lewanda,  Leo,  VII,  14,  III,  18. 
Lewisohn,  Leonard,  III,  5. 
Lewysohn,  Ludwig,  III,  26. 
Libermann,   Abbe   Franz,   II,   2, 

IV,  12. 
Libowitz,  Mendel,  III,  29. 
Lida,  David,  XI,  10. 
Lieben,  Adolf,  XII,  3. 
Liebmann,  Josh.,  I,  20. 
Lichtenstein,  Hillel,  V,  18. 
Lightfoot,  John,  III,  29,  XII,  6. 
Lilienthal,  M.,  IV,  5. 
Lilienblum,  Moses  Loeb,  X,  19. 
Lindau,  Baruch,  XII,  5. 
Lindo,  Elias  H.,  VII,  10. 
Lippe,  Ch.  D.,  VIII,  25. 
Lippman,  G.  H.,  V,  21. 
Lippold,  I,  28. 
Lipschitz,  Israel,  IX,  19. 
Lipschitz,  Solomon,  V,  4. 
Liszt,  Franz,  X,  22,  VIII,  31. 
Loans,  Elijah,  VII,  24. 
Loeb,  Abusch,  VI,  27. 


142 


INDEX. 


Loeb,  Arjeh,  XI,  33,  IV,  2. 
Loeb,  Arjeh,  VI,  22,  III,  6. 
Loeb,  Isidore,  XI,  1,  VI,  3. 
Loeb,  Solomon,  XII,  28. 
Loeb,  Suendel  Pfersche,  XI,  12. 
Loebl,  Jacob,  VII,  3. 
Logrono,  XI,  7,  XI,  8. 
Lolli,  Samuel  Cbayim,  V,  18. 
London,  Port.   Synagogue  dedi- 
cated, IX,  30. 
London,  Eef.  Synagogue  opened, 

I,  27. 

Lopez,  Balthasar,  VI,  29. 
Loew,  Benjamin  Wolf,  III,  9. 
Loew,  Eleazar,  II,  2. 
Loew,  Leopold,  V,  22,  X,  13. 
Loew,   Samuel,  V,  20. 
Loewe  ben  Bezalel,  IX,  17. 
Loewe,  Joel,  II,  11. 
Loewe,  Louis,  XI,  5,  VI,  24. 
Loewe,  Ludw^ig,  XII,  37,  IX,  11. 
Loewenberg,  J.,  XII,  13. 
Loewenstamm,  Saul,  VI,  19. 
Loewenstein,  Bernhard,  III,  15. 
Loewenstein,  Jacob,  III,  39. 
Loowenthal,  Wilhelm,  IV,  39. 
Locwi,   Isaac,   XII,   36. 
Loewinsobn,   Isaac   Beer,   IX,    3, 

II,  17. 

Loowisobn,  Gumpel,  II,  10. 


Loewisohn,  Sal.,  IV,  37. 
Loewy,  Jakob  Ezekiel,  XI,  30. 
Loewy,  Maurice,  IX,  15. 
London,  II,  1. 

Lord  of  England,  First,  XI,  8. 
Liibeck,  III,  6. 
Lublin  Massacre,  X,  3. 
Ludwig,  Emily,  IV,  15,  VIII,  19. 
Lueger,  IV,  16. 
Lumley,  Henry,  I,  2. 
Luna,  Alvaro  de,  VII,  2. 
Luntschiitz,  Ephraim,  III,  3. 
Luntschiitz,  Isaac,  IX,   29. 
Luria,  Isaac,  III,  15. 
Luria,  Moses,  II,  11. 
Luria,  Salomo,  XI,  7. 
Luther,  Martin,  II,  18. 
Luzzato,  Attilio,  V,  12. 
Luzzatto,  Benjamin,  VI,  20. 
Luzzatto,  Filosseno,  I,  20. 
Luzzatto,  Israel,  XI,  7. 
Luzzatto,  Moses  Chayim,  V,  6. 
Luzzatto,  Sam.  D.,  VIII,  22,  IX, 

29. 
Luzzatto,  Simon,  I,  6. 
Luow,  Moses,  XII,  28. 
Lyon,  George  Louis,  I,  14. 
Lyons,  Israel,  V,  1. 
Lyons,  Jews  killed,  VII,  25. 
Lyra,  Nicholas  de,  X,  33. 


M. 

Maass,  Nathan,  VTTI,  3.  Macaulay,  Thomas,  X,  35,  XII, 

McCaul,   Alexander,    V,    16,    XI,  38. 

13.  Magnus,  Meyer,  II,  13. 


INDEX. 


143 


Maggid,     Steinschneider,     Hillel 

Noah,  X,  30. 
Maimon,  Moses,  II,  4. 
Maimon,    Solomon,   XI,   23. 
MaimonidGS,  Moses,  XII,  13. 
Makai,  Emil,  XI,  16. 
Makower,  Hermann,  III,  8,  IV, 

1. 
Malbim,  Meier  Leibnsli,  IX,  18. 
Malorca,  VIII,  2. 
Manasseh  ben  Israel,  XI,  20. 
Mandelkern,  Solomon,  III,  24. 
Mandelstein,  Benjamin,  III,   26. 
Mane,  Mordeeai  Zebi,  V,  5. 
Manuel,  Eugene,  IV,  13,  VI,  1. 
Mannheimer,  Isaac  Xoah,  X,  17, 
III,  18. 

"Mansionhouse,"   London,   II,   1, 
VII,  3. 

Mantua  Disaster,  V,  31. 

Mapu,  Abraham,  I,  11,  X,  9. 

Marannos,  XI,  16. 

Mar  bar  Eab  Ashe,  IX,  25. 

Marcus,  Lewis  Jacob,  X,  7. 

Marcus,  Louis,  VII,  15. 

Margalioth,  Meir,  IV,  24. 

Margalioth,  Moses  Mordeeai,  XI, 
18. 

Margolis,  Isaac,  VIII,  1. 

Margulies,  Ephraim,  VIII,  4. 

Maria  Theresa,  Queen,  VII,  14. 

Marini,  Shabtai,  V.  17. 

Marini,  Solomon.  IV,  19. 

Marks,  David,  V,  22. 

Martyrs,  VII,  19,  V,  26. 


Marx,  Jacob,  I,  24. 
Maskilejson,  Xaphtali,  XI,  30. 
Massacre,  Aix,  I,  24. 
Augsburg,  XI,  29. 
Barcelona,  VIII,  5. 
Buchow,  XII,  7. 

Cracow,  X,  26. 

Erfurt,   XII,   6. 

Erfurt,   VI,   16. 

Estella,  III,  5. 

Frankfort-on-the-Main,   V,   24. 

Germany,  I,  11. 

Granada,  XII,  30. 

Heilbronn,  X,  19. 

Homel,  IX,  14. 

Kishinetf,  IV,   19. 

Kitzingen,  VIII,  6. 

Krems,  IX,  29. 

Kremsier,  VI,  26, 

Lauda,  XII,  28. 

Lemberg,  V,  3,  V,  8,  IX,  9. 

Lyons,  VII,  25. 

Madrid,  VI.   30. 

Mallorca,  VIII,   2. 

Mayence    and    Bacharach,    IV, 
19. 

Mayence,  VIII,  23,  V,  27. 

Meiningen,  VII,  17. 

Mulrichstadt,    III,    31. 

Mimich,  X,  12. 

Murcia,  IX,  8. 

Xavarre,  III,  6. 

Xeuss,  T,  28. 

Nordlingen,  VII,  29. 

Nuremberg,  VIII,  1,  XIT,  5. 


144 


INDEX. 


Massacre — Continved. 

Parchim,  XI,  5. 

Posen,   VII,   34. 

Prague,  VIII,  22,  IX,  11. 

Eothenburg,  VI,  25. 

Seville,  VI,  4,  III,  26,  IV,  21, 
IV,  14. 

Speier,  V,  3. 

Sternberg,  Mecklenburg,  X, 
24. 

Tarega,   VI,    6. 

Toledo,  VI,  20. 

Troyes,  III,  27. 

Uman,    VI,    5. 

Valladolid,  VII,  25. 

Valencia,  VII,  9. 

Weissenbiirg,  VI,  23. 

Wilna,   III,   21. 

Worms,  V,  25,  III,  1. 

Wiirzbnrg,   VII,   23. 
Maiirogonato,   Isaac   Pesaro,   IV, 

5. 
Mauthner,  Ludwig,  X,  20. 
Mautner,  Isaac,  VII,  21. 
May  Laws,  V,  3. 
Mayence  and  Bacharach,  IV,  19. 
Mayence,  VIII,  23,  V,  27. 
Mayer,  Jacob  Freiherr  von,  V,  12, 

"  V,  1. 
Mayer,  Bacliel,  II,  8. 
Mayer,  Samuel  Manim,  III,  12, 

IV,  16. 
Mayer,  Sigmund,  III,  8. 
Meccado,  Moses  de,  VI,  29. 
Mecklenberg,  Zebi  Hirsch,  IV,  6. 


Medigo,  Joseph  Sol.  del,  VI,  16, 

X,  16. 
Medina,  Samuel  di,  X,  12. 
Mehling,  Isaac,  V,  3. 
Meiningen,  VII,  17. 
MeiT  ben  Baruch,  IV,  27. 
Meir  of  Lublin,  V,  3. 
Meyer,  Jonas  Daniel,  IX,  15, 

XII,  6. 
Meisel,  Mordecai,  III,  13. 
Meisel,  Wolf  Aloys,  XI,  30. 
Meisels,  Berish,   II,   5. 
Menachem  Azariah  de  Fano, 

VIII,  5. 
Menachem  Manele  ben  Baruch 

Halevi,  V,  26. 
Menachem  ben  Jacob,  IV,  16. 
Mendelssohn,  Alex.,  X,  25. 
Mendelssohn,  Joseph,  XI,  24. 
Mendelssohn,  monument  of,  VI, 

18. 
Mendelssohn,  Moses,  IX,  26,  I,  4. 
Mendes,  David  Francs,  X,  11. 
Mendes,  Joseph  Francs,  X,  14. 
Merenlander,  Israel  Bar.,  XI,  16. 
Merzbacher,  Eugene,  IX,  18. 
Meseritz,  Ludwig  von,  VII,  17, 

V,  3. 
Meshullam  b.  Joel  Hakohen,  IX, 

24. 
Meyer,  Captain,  VII,  23. 
Meyer,  David  Anshel,  VIII,  30. 
Meyer,  Hirsh,  II,  11. 
Meyer,  Joseph,  VII,  10,  IX,  25. 
Meyer,  Rachel,  III,   10. 


INDEX. 


14:6 


Meyer,  Samuel,  I,  3,  VIII,  1. 
Meyer,  Samuel  E.,  A"II,  G. 
Meyer,  Sigmund,  XI,  22. 
Meyerbeer,  Giacomo,  V,  2. 
Michael,  H.  J.,  IV,  12. 
Michael,  Heiman  Joseph,  VI,  10. 
Michael,  Samuel,  IV,  10. 
Michaelis,  Johann  David,  II,  27, 

VIII,  22. 
Michel,  Eabbi,  VI,  10. 
Mielziner,  Moses,  VIII,  12,  II, 

18. 
Mieses,  Fabius,  X,  31,  X,  13. 
Minden,  Lob,  V,  26. 
Mirabeau,  Count,  IV,  2. 
Mirels,  Solomon,  XI,  22. 
Mocatta,  Moses,  IX,  17. 
Modena,  Leon,  III,  21. 
Modon,  Simson,  VI,  10. 
Mohilewer,  Samuel,  VI,  9. 
Mokiach,  Mordecai,  V,  18. 
Moline,  Joseph  Kohen,  IV,  15. 
]\Iolitor,  Joseph  Franz,  VI,  8, 

III,  23. 
Mommsen,  Theod.,  XI,  1. 
Montague,  Sir  Samuel,  XII,  21. 
Montalto,  Elijah,  II,  16. 
Montefiore,  Sir  Joseph  Sebag,  I, 

18. 
Montefiore,  Judith,  X,  24. 
:Montefiore,  Moses,  X,  24,  VII, 

28,  X,  28. 
Morgenstern,  Isaac,  IV,  4. 
Morals,  Sabbato,  IV,  13,  XI,  11. 


Mordecai,  Chayim  ben,  V,  15. 
Morgenstern,  David,  III,  7. 
Morgenstern,  Lina,  XI,  25. 
Morin,  Jean,  II,  28. 
Morpurgo,  Eleazar,  VIII,  12. 
Morpurgo,  Baron  Joseph,  II,  28. 
Morpurgo,   Simson,   IV,   12. 
Mortara,  Edgar,  VI,  23. 
Mortara,  Marco,  IV,  7,  II,  2. 
Mortara,  Saul,  II,  10. 
Moscheles,  Ignaz,  V,  30,  III,  10. 
Mosenthal,  Sol.  Hermann,  I,  14, 

II,  17. 
Moser,  Moses,  VIII,  15. 
Moses,  Adolf,  I,  7. 
Moses,  Darshan,  V,  14. 
Moses  Jehuda  ben  Kalonymos, 

XII,  18. 
Moses,  Eothenburg,  I,  11. 
Muhr,  Abraham,  IV,  7,  VI,  11. 
Mueller,  David  H.,  VI,  6. 
Mulder,  Samuel,  XII,  29. 
Muller,  Joel,  XI,  6. 
Muller,  Max,  X,  22. 
Mulrichstadt,  III,  31. 
Mimich,   X,   12. 
Munk,  Edward,  I,  20,  V,  3. 
Munk,  Immanuel,  VIII,  1. 
Munk,  Solomon,  V,  14,  II,  6. 
Miinster,  Sebastian,  III,  23. 
Miinz,  Moses,  VITI,  15. 
Murcia,  IX,  8. 
Mussafia,  Chajim,  VI,  8. 
Myers,  Asher,  V,  11. 


146 


INDEX. 


N. 


JSTabon,  Ephraim,  IV,  18. 

Nabon,  Judah,  I,  26. 

Nachod,  Jacob,  III,  14. 

Naphtali  Hakoben,  I,  15. 

Naphtali,   Herz,   IV,   9. 

Napoleon,  V,  30,  III,  17,  VII,  20, 
V,  5. 

Nasi,  Joseph,  VIII,  2. 

Nathan,  E.  S.,  VI,  5. 

Nathan,  Nata  ben  Moses,  VII, 
14. 

Nathan,  Wolf,  IX,  6. 

Nathansohn,  Jacob,  IX,  16. 

Nathansohn,  Joseph  Saul,  III,  4. 

Naturalization      of     Jews      (Al- 
geria), X,  24. 

Navarre,  III,  6. 

Neander,  Aug.  Wilh.,  I.  17,  VII, 
14. 

Neppi,  Hananel,  I,  18. 

Netter,  Charles,  X,  2. 

Netter,  Solomon,  I,  3. 

Neubauer,  Adolph,  III,   11. 

Neubiirger,  Ferd.  Ludwig,  X,  28. 


Neuda,  Abraham,  II,  22. 
Neuda,  Fanny,  IV,  17. 
Neumark,  Lob,  IV,  9. 
Neuschotz,  Jacob,  IX,  6. 
Neuss,  I,  28. 

Neustadt,    Pinkus,    II,    24. 
"New  Israel,"  V,  17. 
Neuwirth,  Joseph,  V,  6,  V,  20. 
Nicholas  I.,  II,  28. 
Nierop,  Solomon  Van,  V,  15. 
Nieto,  David,  I,  10. 
Nietzsche,  Fr.  Wilh.,  VIII,  25. 
Nissim,  Jacques  Pasha,  VIII,  25. 
Noah,  Mordecai  M.,  VII,  14,  V, 

22. 
Noorden,  P.  C,  V,  24. 
Nordau,  Max,  VII,  29. 
Nordheim,  Marcus,  XI,  25. 
Nordlingen,  VII,  29. 
Norway,  admittance  of  Jews,  VI, 

8. 
Notables,  assembly  of,  VII,  26. 
Nuremberg,  VII,  21,  VIII,  1, 

XII,  5. 


o. 


Obornik,  Meir,  XI,  6. 
O'Connel,  Daniel,  A^III,  6,  V,  15. 
Offenbach,  Jacques,  X,  5. 
Offenbach,  Jacob,  VI,  21. 
Oliphant,  Laurence,  XII,  23. 


Oil  voir,  Solomon  de  Amsterdam, 

V,  23. 
Olmo,  Jacob  Daniel,  V,  25. 
Olsbauson,  Justus,  V,  9,  II,  27. 
Oppenheim,  Bar,  IX,  29. 


INDEX. 


147 


Oppenlieim  Bar,  XII,  26. 
Oppenlieiiu,   David,   XII,   18,   X, 

21. 
Oppenheim,  H.  B.,  VII,  20,  III, 

29. 
Oppenheim,  Joseph,  VII,  12. 
Oppenheim,  Joachim,  IV,  20. 
Oppenheim,  Moriz,  I,  20,  II,  24. 
Oppenheim,  Simon  von,  VII,  25. 
Oppenheimer,  Abraham,  XI,  2. 
Oppenheimer,  David,  IX,  12. 
Oppenheimer,   Emanuel,   IX,   13. 
Oppenheimer,  Samuel,  V,  3. 
Oppenheimer  Siiss,  II,  4. 
Oppert,  Gust.,  VII,  9. 
Oppert,  Julius,  VII,  9. 


Oppler,  Edwin,  VI,  18. 
Oppler,  Edward,  IX,  6. 
Orgels,  Samuel,  IV,  10. 
Ornstein,   Hirsch,   V,   18. 
Ornstein,  Jacob,  VIII,  5. 
Ortenau,  Ignaz,  III,  22. 
Osmund,  Emmanuel,  X,  24. 
Ottensosser,  David,  V,  22. 
Ottinger,  Jacob  Joseph,  XI,  7. 
Ottolengo,   Samuel   David,   VIII, 

22. 
Ottolenghi,  Giuseppe,  XII,  26,  V, 

14. 
Ottolenghi;  X.  G.,  XII,  12. 
Oven,  Joshua  van,  II,  5. 


P. 


Padova,  Jehuda  Mazliach,  VIII, 

10.  , 

Paggi,  Angelo,  V,  4,  VI,  7. 
Pallagi,   Chajim,   II,    10. 
Panigel,  Meir,  I,  4. 
Paoli,  Betty,  XII,  30,  VI,  5. 
Pappenheim,  Sal.,  Ill,  4. 
Parchim,  XI,  5. 
Pardo,  Joseph,  X,  10. 
Parenzo,  Cesare,  XI,  20,  IV,  15. 
Parenzo,  Meir,  IX,  22. 
Paris,  disputation  in,  VI,  24,  XI, 
3. 

Books  burned,  VI,  16. 

Assembly  of  Notables,  VII,  26. 


Synhedrin,  II,  3. 
Parliament  of  Religions,  IX,  11. 
Pascheles,  Wolf,  XI,  22. 
Paulus,  Bishop,  VIII,  29. 
Paulus,  H.  E.  G.,  IX,  1,  VIII, 

10. 
Pedro,  Don,  XII,  2,  XII,  5. 
Peixotto,  Benjamin,  XI,  13,  IX, 

18. 
Peltin,  Samuel  Zebi,  IX,  30. 
Pereira,  Abraham  Lopez,  V,  10. 
Pereira,  Podriguez,   IV,   11,  IX, 

15. 
Pereire,  Emil,  XII,  3,  I,  6. 
Pereire,  Eugene,  X,  7. 


148  INDEX. 

Pereire,  Isaac,  XI,  25,  YII,  12.      Pococke,  Edw.,  IX,  10. 
Pereira,  Jonathan,  I,  20.  Polak,  Gabriel,  YI,  3,  V,  14. 

Perl,  Joseph,  XI,  10,  X,  1.  Polak,  Jacob,  Edw.,  X,  8. 

Perles,  Joseph,  XII,  26,  III,  4.  Polak,  Meir,  VII,  17. 
Pethachyah  ben  David  Lida,  Y.      Poliakoff,  Samuel,  lY,  20. 

12_  Political  equality.  III,  29,  II,  16, 

Philanthropin    at    Frankfort-on-  X,  21,  III,  11,  YII,  14,  XII, 

Main.,  lY,  14.  20,  III,  21. 

Philippi,  Fr.  Ad.,  X,  15,  YIII,  PoUitzer,  Adam,  X,  1. 

29.  Pollitzer,  Ad.,  YII,  23,  XI,  14. 

Philipson,  Ludwig,  XII,  28,  XII,  Poll  tax,  I,  12,  I,  10,  IX,  19. 

29.  Popper,  Heinrich,  II,  4. 

Philippson,  Martin,  YI,  27.  Popper,  Joachim  Edler  von,  Y, 

Philippson,  Moses,  Y,  9,  lY,  19.  10. 

Philippson,  Phobus,  lY,  1.  Popper,  Levy,  X,  21. 

Phillips,  Benj.  Samuel,  I,  4,  X,  Popper,  Lipmann,  X,  17. 

9  Popper,  Moritz,  XII,  21. 

Pick,  Leopold,  III,  28.  Poppers,  Jacob  Hakohen,  II,  20. 

Pinedo,  Thomas  de,  XI,  13.  Portaleone,  Abraham  de,  A'll,  29. 

Pinchas,  Jehuda,  XI,  23.  Portugal,  banishment  from,  XII, 

Pinsker,  Leon,  XII,  24,  XII,  21.  24. 

Pinsker,  Simcha,  X,  29.  Posen,  edict  in,  XII,  22,  YII,  24, 

Pinto,  Abraham  de,  Y,  28,  Y,  26.  YI,  1. 

Piperno,  A.  B.,  YII,  8.  Potocky,  Count,  YI,  2. 

Pirbright,  Lord,  I,  9.  Prague,  YIII,  22,  IX,  11. 

Pius  IX.,  Y,  13,  II,  7.  Presburg,   XI,   9. 

Pforzheim,   blood    accusation    in,  Pringsheim,  Xathaniel,  X,  6. 

VI,  30.  Proops,  David,  lY,  10. 

Placzeck,  Abraham,  XII,  10.  Provenzale,  Moses,  YI,  30. 

Plant,  Jacob,  II,  4.  Prussian    Jews,    Eeglement    for, 

Plessne-,  Isaac,  XII,  13.  lY,  17. 

Plessner,  Solomon,  lY,  23,  YIII,  Prussia,  edict  of  civil  rights  in, 

28.  Ill,  11. 

Plotke,  Julius,  IX,  27.  Prussian  order  against  Christian 

Plungian,  Mordecai,  XI,  27.  first  names,  XI,  30. 


INDEX. 


Ud 


Prussian  laws  enacted,  V,  14,       Prussian  Austrittsgesetz  issued, 
VII,  23.  VII,  38. 

Pmnpianski,  Abraham  C,  l\,  26, 


R. 


Kabbina,  XII,  1. 
Rabe,  John  Jacob,  I,  16,  II,  12. 
Rabbinowitz,  David  M.,  V,  21. 
Rabbinowitz,  Hirsch,  I,  16. 
Rabbinowitz,  Isaac,  X,  13,  IV,  7. 
Rabbinowitz,  M.  M.,  VI,  6. 
Rabbinowitz,  Joseph,  V,  17. 
Rabbinowitz,  R.  N.,  XI,  29. 
Rabeno,  Raphael,  XI,  4. 
Rahmer,  Moritz,  III,  2. 
Ranschborg,  Bezalel,  IX,  19. 
Raphael,  Kohen,   XI,   11. 
Raphall,  M.  J.,  IX,  26,  VI,  23. 
Rappoport,  Abraham,  VI,  7. 
Rappoport,  Ch.,  VI,  25. 
Rappoport,  Moriz,  I,  17,  V,  28. 
Rappoport,  Simcha  Bunem,  IV, 

9. 
Rappoport,  S.  L.,  VI,  1,  X,  16. 
Raschkow,  Siisskind,  IV,  12. 
Rashi,  Salomon  Jizcliaki,  VII, 

13. 
Ratisbonne,  Louis,  III,  12,  IX, 

25. 
Ratisbonne,  Theodor,  I,  10. 
Raynal,  David,  I,  28. 
Redlich,  H.,  XI,  7. 
Ree,  Anton,  I,  13. 
Reform  service,  XII,  9. 


Reggio,  Abraham  Vita,  I,  8. 
Reggio,  Isaac  Samuel,  VIII,  5, 

VIII,  29. 
Rehfuss,  Carl,  II,  18. 
Reich,  Ignaz,  IV,  18. 
Reichenheim,  Ferd.,  XI,  3. 
Reichenheim,  IV,  16. 
Reichersohn,  IV,  3. 
Reichenmann,  Jacob,  XI,  13. 
Reinach,  Baron,  XI,  19. 
Reines,  Moses,  III,  26. 
Reis,  Philipp,  I,  7,  I,  14. 
Reischer,  Jacob,  I,  24. 
Reizeles,  Chajim  and  Josliua,  VI, 

3. 
Reland,  Hadrian,  II,  5. 
Remak,  Robert,  VII,  26,  VIII, 

29. 
Renan,  Ernst,  II,  27,  X,  2. 
Reuchlin,  Johann,  II,  22,  VI,  30. 
Reuss,  Edward,  IV,  15. 
Renter,  Julius  von,  VII,  21. 
Rheinhold,  Hugo,  III,  26,  X,  2. 
Rhenish  Estates,  VII,  13. 
Ricardo,  David,  IX,  11. 
Richi,  Immanuel  Chai,  II,  25. 
Rickert,  Heinrich,  XI,  3. 
Riess,  Peter  Theophil,  VI,  27,  X, 

32. 


150  INDEX. 

Kiesz,  Israel,  IV,  22.  Eossi,  Emma,  XI,  7. 

Riesser,  Gabriel,  IV,  2,  IV,  22.  Rossi,  John  Baptist  de,  X,  25, 

Riesser,  Lazarus,  III,  9.  Ill,  23. 

Ring,  Max,  VIII,  4,  III,  28.  Rothenburg,  VI,  25. 

Ritter,  Immanuel,  III,  13,  VII,  Rothschild,   Anselm  Mayer  von, 

9.  VI,  12,  XII,  G. 

Robert,  Lndwig,  XII,  16,  VII,  5.  Rothschild,  Anselm  Solomon  von, 
Robinson,  Edward,  I,  27.  I,  28,  VII,  27. 

Rodenberg,  Julius,  VI,  26.  Rothschild,  Ephraim,  I,  30. 

Roeder,  Martin,  VI,  10.  Rothschild,  James,  V,  15,  XI,  15. 

Rodiger,  Emil,  X,  13,  VI,  15.  Rothschild,   Lionel   von,   XI,   22, 
Rodkinson,  Michael  Levi,  I,  6.  VII,  26. 

Roest,  Meyer,  XI,  20.  Rothschild,  Lionel  Nathan,  VI, 
Rohr,  Morris,  XII,  18.  3. 

Rokeach,  Joshua,  I,  29.  Rothschild,  Maier,  IX,  19. 

Romanin,  Samuel,  IX,  9.  Rothschild,  Meyer  Anschel,  VI, 
Rome,  ghetto,  IX,  20.  29,  II,  6. 

Romm,  Deborah,  XII,  3.  Rothschild,   Mayer   Carl   von, 
Roosevelt,  Th.,  VI,  15.  VIII,  5,  X,  16. 

Rosanes,  Jacob,  VIII,  16.  Rothschild,  Nathan,  IX,  16,  VII, 
Rosas,  Anton  von,  XII,  30,  V,  31.  18. 

Rosen,  Joseph,  I,  12.  Rothschild,  Nathan  Meyer  von, 
Roseberry,  Lady  Hanna,  XI,  19.  XI,  8. 

Rosenmiiller,  Ernst  R.,  XII,  10,  Rothschild,  Solomon  von,  IX,  9, 

IX,  17.  VII,  27. 

Rosenfeld,  Samson  Wolf,  I,  4,  V,  Rothschild,  Wilhelm  von,  V,  16, 

12.  I,   25. 

Rosenhaupt,   XI,   16.  Rotteck,  Karl  von,  VII,  18,  XI, 
Rosenstein,  S.,  II,  20.  26. 

Rosenstiel,  Eugene,  III,  9.  Roumanian  Jews,  VII,  1. 

Rosenthal,  D.  A.,  IV,  16,  III,  29.  Rubinstein,  Anton,   XI,   28,   XI, 
Rosenthal,  Isidor,  VII,  16.  20. 

Rosenthal,  S.,  VIII,  7.  Rubo,  Julius,  VI,  9,  III,  13. 

Rosenthal,   Solomon,  IV,  8.  Rudin,  Ad.  Pollak  von,  VI,  11. 

Rosin,  David,  V,  21,  XII,  31.  Rtihs,  Ehr.  H.,  Ill,  1,  I,  31. 


INDEX. 


151 


Kiilf,  Isaac,  IX,  19. 

Riissel,  Henry,  XII,  24,  XII,  7. 

Enssia,  Kahal,  V,  21. 

Alexander,  XII,  9. 

Rabbis,   XI,   18. 

Synagogal  organization,  XII, 
19. 


Mefize  Haskala,  XII,  20. 
Schools,   Y,    31. 
May  laws,  V,  3. 
Revision  of  laws,  II,  16. 
Pale,  V,  23. 
Massacre,  X,  2. 


s. 


Saalschiitz,  Joseph  Levin,  III, 

15,  VIII,  22. 
Sabludowski,  Michel,  XI,  25. 
Sacher-Masach,  Leopold  von,  I, 

27. 
Sachs,  Johann,  I,  11. 
Sachs,  Julius,  XII,  28. 
Sachs,  Leonard,  VIII,  17. 
Sachs,  Michael,  IX,  4,  I,  31. 
Sachs,  Nahum,  III,  28. 
Sachs,  Senior,  VII,  16,  XI,  15. 
Sachs,  Solomon,  XII,  22. 
Sachs,  Solomon,  IV,  30. 
Sachs,  Sal.  Jehuda,  VIII,  17. 
Sacy,  Sylvester  de,  IX,  21,  II,  21. 
Safed  and   Tiberias,  earthquake, 
Salant,  Israel,  II,  9. 
Salkind,  Solomon,  III,  14. 

1,1. 
Salomon,  Charles  K.,  Ill,  3,  VI, 

23. 
Salomon,  Salem,  IX,  6. 
Salomon,  Gotthold,  XI,  1,  XI, 

17. 


Salomon,  David,  XI,  22,  VII,  18. 
Salvador,  Gabriel,  II,  22. 
Salvador,  Joseph,  I,  5,  III,  17. 
Salzer,  Moses,  II,  28. 
Samania  Kaid  Xissim,  I,  24. 
Samega,  Joseph,  VI,  6. 
Samosch,  David,  IV,  29. 
Sammter,  Asher,  I,  1,  I,  31. 
Samson  School,  VI,  4. 
Samson,  Philip,  XII,  4. 
Samter,  Ad.,  VI,  16. 
Samuel  ben  Alexander,  VI,  6. 
Samuel,  Edels,  XI,  30. 
Samuel,  Israel  ben,  V,  22. 
Samuel  Kaim,  XI,  25. 
Samuel  Sir  Marcus,  XI,  5. 
Samuel  of  Opatov,  VI,  27. 
Samuel,  Sir  Saul,  XI,  2,  VIII, 

29. 
Samuel,  Simon,  V,  9. 
Samuel  ben  Zebi,  XI,  9. 
Sanders,  Daniel,  XI,  12,  III,  11. 
Saphir,  Adolph,  IV,  9. 
Saphir,  M.  G.,  II,  8,  IX,  5. 


152 


INDEX. 


Saraval,  Lob,  V,  17. 
Saraval,  Leon,  I,  26. 
Sarbai-o,  Peter,  XII,  1. 
Sardinia,  III,  39. 
Siirkes,  Joel,  III,  14. 
Sason,  Joseph,  III,  2. 
Sasportas,  Jacob,  IV,  15. 
Sasportas,  Salonian,  X,  2. 
Sassoon,  Alb.,  VII,  25,  X,  24. 
Sassoon,  David,  XI,  5. 
Satanow,  Isaac,  XII,  24. 
Saul,  son  of  Joshua  Hoschel,  V, 

19. 
Saul,  Eabbi,  XI,  16. 
Saul,  Hakoben,  V,  25. 
Saul,  Halevi,  V,  6. 
Saxony,  usury,  VIII,  1,  II,  13. 
regulating  conditions,  VIII, 

16. 
Jewish  oath,  V,  30. 
"Shechita,"  II,  21. 
Schapira,  Herman,  VIII,  16. 
Schapiro,  Genrich  A.,  VII,  1, 

II,  2. 
Scheineanu,  Lazar,  IV,  23. 
Scherbel,  Moritz,  XII,  26. 
Schereschewski,  Samuel  I.  J.,  V, 

6. 
Schershewsky,  Jehuda,  IX,  19. 
Scheurer,  Kestner  von,  IX,  19. 
Schey,  Joseph  Freiherr  von.  III, 

16. 
Schey,   Philip   Fieilierr   von,   V, 

26. 
Scheyer,  Tebele,  IX,  30. 


Schick,    Carl,    XII,    25. 
Schiff,  David  Teble,  XII,  19. 
Schiff,  Hermann,  IV,  1,  V,  1. 
Schiff,  Meir,  VII,  22. 
Schlegel,  Dorothea,  X,  24,  VIII, 

3. 
Schleiden,  M.  J.,  IV,  5,  VI,  23. 
Schlessinger,  H.  L.,  X,  26. 
Schlessinger,  Samuel,  XII,  14. 
Schwelkes,  Gottlieb,  IX,  22,  X, 

28. 
Schmerling,  Anton  von,  VIII, 

23,  V,  23. 
Schmid,  Anton  von,  A^I,  20. 
Schmiedel,  Abraham,  I,  27. 
Schnapper,  Gottlieb,  II,  2. 
Schnitzer,    Edward    (Emin 

Pasha),  III,  29. 
Schnitzler,  John,  IV,  10,  V,  2. 
Schorstein,  Moriz,  XI,  24. 
Schott,  Benedict,  III,  11,  VII, 

21. 
Schott,  L.,  I,  20. 
Schotten,  Samuel,  VI,  30. 
Schreiber,  Moses,  IX,  24,  X,  3. 
Schreiber,  Samuel  Wolf,  XII,  31. 
Schreiber,  Simon,  III,  26. 
Schudt,  J.  J.,  II,  14. 
Schulmann,  Kalman,  XII,  17. 
Schwab,  Low,  IV,  3. 
Schwabacher,  S.  L.,  IV,  19,  XII, 

10. 
Schwarz,  Israel,  I,  25. 
Schwarz,  Joseph,  X,  22,  II,  4. 
Schwerin,  Jeanette,  VII,  14. 


INDEX. 


153 


See,  Gennain,  V,  13. 
See,  Leopold,  VII,  17. 
Segre,  David,  XII,  26,  IX,  31. 
Segre,  Jacob,  X,  9. 
Seminary,  XI,  18,  XI,  11  (Jews' 
College)  ;    IV,    26     (Jewish 
Theological,  X.  Y.). 
Semler,  Johann  Solomon,  XII, 

18,  III,  14. 
Senator,  Herman,  XII,  6. 
Servi,  Flaminio,  XII,  24,  I,  23. 
Servian  residence  law,  XI,  4. 
Seville,  VI,  4,  III,  26,  IV,  21, 

IV,  4,  XI,  4. 
Sforno,  Solomon,  X,  20. 
Shabbethai  Cohen,  II,  8. 
Shabbethai,  Zevi,  IX,  21,  VII, 

23,  IX,  10. 
Shalom  Schechna,  XI,  11. 
Schemaya  ben  Abraham  B-ir,  IV, 

2. 
Shepherds,  massacre  by.  III,  5 
Shneor,  Zalman,  XII,  27. 
Shor,  Abraham  Chajim,  I,  6. 
Shor,  Alexander,  I,  29. 
Shor,  Ephraim  Solomon,  X,  2. 
Shrimski,  Sam.  Edw.,  VI,  25. 
Sicily,  expulsion,  I,  21. 
Silva,  Joshna  di,  IV,  29. 
Silva,  Fr.  Meldola  da,  I,  23. 
Simmons,  L.  W.,  IV,  5. 
Simon,  Jacobs,  X,  28,  III,  12. 
Simon,  John  Sir,  XII,  9,  VI,  24 
Simon  ben  Samnel,  X,  5. 
Simon,  Sam'l,  III,  21. 


Simson,  M.  E.  von,  XI,  10,  V,  2. 
Sinzheim,  Joseph  David,  II,  11. 
Slonimsky,  Chajim  Selig,  HI,  10, 

V,  15. 
Smolensky,  Perez,  II,  25,  II,  1. 
Soave,  Moise,  XI,  29. 
Sofer,  Chajim,  VI,  27. 
Sofer,  Sussmann,  X,  10. 
Sola,  Abraham  de,  VI,  5. 
Sola,  David  Aaron  de,  X,  29. 
Solomon,  Anton  S.  Adam,  IV, 

39. 
Solomon,  Kohen,  V,  20. 
Solomon,  Solomon  J.,  IX,  16. 
Solowejczyk,  Jos.  Beer,  V,  11. 
Solowjew,  Waldemir,  VIII,  13. 
Somerhausen,  Hartog,  X,  22,  III, 
5. 

Sonnemann,  Leopold,  X,  29. 

Sonnenfels,  Baron  Joseph  von, 
IV,  26. 

Sonnenthal,  Adolph  von,  XII,  21. 

Soyka,  Isidor,  II,  23. 

Spain,  emigration,  VIII,  2 ;  In- 
quisition, XI,  1;  Expulsion, 
III,  31. 

Spector,  Isaac  E.,  Ill,  6. 

Speier,   Michel,  II,   14. 

Speier,  V,  3. 

Spiers,  B.,  XII,  31. 

Spinoza,  VII,  27,  II,  21. 

Spira,  Elijah,  IV,  14. 
,  Spira,  Isaac,  IX,  3. 

Spira,  Kathan  Xata,  VII,  20. 

Spiro,  Moses  Joseph.  A^III,  -. 


154 


INDEX. 


Spitz,  Abraham,  lY,  16. 
Spitz,  Hirsch,  A'lII,  6. 
Spitz,  Isaac,  Y,  3. 
Spitzer,  Daniel,  I,  11. 
Spitzer,  Heinrich,  III,  13. 
Spitzer,  Sanmel,  XII,  16. 
Spitzer,  Simon,  II,  3,  III,  16. 
Stahl,  Fr.  Jnl.,  I.  IG,  VIII,  10. 
Stahl,  Friedrich  Karl,  Y,  19, 

III,  23. 
Stahl,  William,  VI,  1,  III,  19. 
Stanhope,  Lady  Esther,  III,  12, 

VI,  23. 
Steblicky,  Jos.  Abraham,  V,   16. 
Stein,  Abraham,  VIII,  30. 
Stein,  Isaac,  IX,  19. 
Stein,  Leopold,  XI,  3,  XII,  2. 
Stein,  Sigmimd  Th.,  IX,  27. 
Steinhardt,  Jacob,  II,  2. 
Steinliardt,  Joseph,  VIII,  7. 
Steinliardt,  Solomon,  I,  17,  III, 

10. 
Steinheim,  Solomon,  VIII,  6,  V, 

19. 
Steinitz,  William,  V,  18,  VIII, 

12. 
Steinschneider,  Hillel  Xoah  Alag- 

gid,  IX,  5,  X,  30. 
Steinschneider,  Moritz,  III,  30. 
Steinthal,  H.,  V,  16,  III,  14. 
Steinthal,  Martin,  X,  22,  X,  3. 
Stem,  Abraham,  II,  3. 


Stern,  Basilius,  VIII,  15. 
Stern,  Julius,  VIII,  8,  II,  27. 
Stern,  Moritz  A.,  I,  31. 
Stern,  Sigmund,  VII,  2,  V,  9. 
Sternberg  (Mecklenberg),  X,  24. 
Sternberg,  Herman,  X,  16. 
Stettenheim,  Julius,  XI,  2. 
Stobbe,  Otto,  VI,  28,  V,  19. 
Stocker,  Adolph,  XII,  11. 
Stockvis,  Bernhard,  IX,  29. 
Stockholm,  congregation,  IX,  28. 
Stork,  Carl,  IX,  17. 
Strack,  Herman  L.,  V,  6. 
Strakosch,  Maurice,  X,  9. 
Straschun,  Math.,  X,  1,  XII,  14. 
Strassman,  Wolfgang,  X,  8,  XII, 
6. 

Streckfuss,  Karl,  IX,  20,  VII,  26. 

Sullam,  Sarah  Copia,  II,  15. 

Sulzer,  Sol.,  Ill,  30,  I,  18. 

Susan,  Diego  de,  I,  10. 

Sussex,  Duke  of,  IV,  21. 

Sutro,  Abraham,  X,  10. 

Sweden,  "reglement,"  V,  27. 
Political  equality,  II,  16. 

Switzerland,  "schechita,"  A^II, 
21. 

Sylvester,  J.  J.,  IX,  9,  III,  15. 

Synhedrin,  II,  3,  V,  30. 

Szanto,  Simon,  VIII,  23,  I,  17. 

Szeps,  Moritz,  VIII,  9. 


INDEX. 


155 


Talmud,  XII,  1,  XI,  9,  XI,  11, 

XI,  13. 
Tallermann,  Lewis,  X,  17. 
Tarega,  VI,  6. 
Tartas,  De  Castro,  IX,  13. 
Taubes,  Aaron  Moses,  VI,  29. 
Taussig,  Solomon,  V,  21. 
Tauwitz,  Ed.,  VII,  26. 
Tebele  ben  Wolf,  XII,  6. 
Tedeschi,  Moses,  VI,  17. 
Teitelbaum,  Moses,  VII,  17. 
Temple  burnt,  VIII,  4. 
Teomim,  Aaron,  VII,  8. 
Teomim,  Jonab,  IV,  16. 
Teomim,  Joseph,  IV,  26. 
Teomim,  Meir,  VII,  10. 
Theben,  Kopel,  VIII,  23. 
Tiktin,  Abra,  XII,  7. 
Tiktin,  Gedalia,  VIII,  8. 
Tiktin,  Sol.  Ill,  20. 
Tisza,  disappearance  of  Esther 

Solymosi  in,  IV,  1. 
Tittinger,  David,  V,  29. 
Tobias,  IX,  19. 
Todesco,  Hermann,  XI,  23. 
Todesco,  Ludwig,  VIII,  25. 
Toledo,  VI,  20. 
Torquemada,  Thomas,  IX,  16. 


Torre,  Lelio  della,  I,  11,  VII,  9. 
Tortosa,  religious  disputation  at, 

II,  7. 
Touro,   Judah,   I,   18. 
Trabotti,  Samuel,  lA^  28. 
Trani,  Joseph,  VII,  9. 
Trani,  Moses  de,  IV,  31. 
Trarieux,  Ludovic,  III,  13. 
Traube,  Ludwig,  I,  12,  IV,  11. 
Traube,  Moritz,  VI,  28. 
Trebitsch,  Nehemiah,  VIII,  11, 

VII,  6. 
Treitschke,  Heinrich  von,  IX,  15, 

IV,  28. 
Tremellius,  Immanuel,  X,  9. 
Treuenfels,  Abraham,  XII,  15,  I, 

30. 
Treves,  Jacob,  VIII,  7. 
Treves,  Joseph,  II,  3. 
Treves,  Marco,  I,  22. 
Trier,  Salomon,  XI,  5. 
Tugendhold,  Jacob,  IV,  20. 
Turkey,  XI,  6,  XI,  3. 
Turkish  law  giving  equality  witb 

Mohammedan,  II,  18. 
Tyrnau,  Jews  burned  at,  VIII, 

22. 
Expulsion  from,  II,  1. 


Ullman,  B.  L.,  IX,  4. 
Ullmann,  Benj.,  II,  24. 
Ulmann,  Solomon,  I,  1. 
Uman,  VI,  5. 


u. 


Unger,  Ephraim,  XI,  1. 
linger,  Joseph,  VII,  2. 
Urusow,  Prince,  VII,  29. 
Usiel,  Isaac,  IV,  2. 


156 


INDEX. 


V. 


Valladolid,  YII,   25. 
Valencia,  VIII,  9. 
Valentin,  G.  G.,  VII,  8,  V,  24. 
Vambery,  Hermann,  III,  19. 
Veith,   John   Emanuel,  VII,   10, 

XI,  6. 
Veit,  Joseph,  VIII,  5. 
Veit,  Moriz,  II,  5. 
Veneziani,  Emanuel  F.,  II,  5. 


Verveer,  Elchanan,  VIII,  21. 
Vienna,  expulsion,  II,  11. 
Theological  Institute,  X,  21. 
Virchow,  Eudolf,  IX,  5. 
Vital,  Chajim,  V,  6. 
Vitringa,  Campegius,  V,  16,  III, 

31. 
Vogel,   Sir  Julius,  III,   12. 
Voita,   Samuel  della,  III,  29. 


w. 


Wagner,  Eichard,  V,  22,  II,  13. 
Wahrmann,  Moritz,  II,  28,   XI, 

2G. 
Waldenburg,  Ludwig,   IV,   14. 
Warburg,  M.,  IV,  4. 
Warendorfe,  Therese,  IX,  29. 
Warschawski,  Abraham,   IV,   IT. 
Wasserman,  Moses,  VII,   15,   X, 

18. 
Wawelburg,  Hippolyte,  X,  20. 
Way,  Lewis,  II,  11,  I,  26. 
Wechselmann,  Ignaz  Ritter  von, 

11,4. 
Weil,  G.,  IV,  25,  VIII,  30. 
Weil,  Jacob,  XI,  19. 
Weil,  Jedidia  Tiah,  X,  11. 
Weil,  Karl,  I,  5. 
Weilen,  Joseph  von,  XII,  28,  IX, 

3. 
Weimar   (marriage  between  Jews 

and  Christians),  VI,  20. 


Weisenburger,  VI,  23. 
Weiss — Weil,  Ignazio,  II,  5. 
Weiss,  Isaac  Hirsch,  II,  9. 
Weiss,  L.  A.  I,  19,  VI,  21. 
Weissman,  A.  S.,  IV,  21,  V,  14. 
Wenzel  (King),  IX,  16. 
Werblow,  Eleazar,  V,  20. 
Wergeland,  Hen.,  VII,  12. 
Werner   (vSt.),  IV,  19. 
Wertheim,  Jacob  Leon,  VIII,  18. 
Wertheim,  Wilt,  I,  20. 
Wertheim,  Zachariah,  XII,  31. 
Wertheimer,  Joseph  von.  III,  15, 

III,  16. 
Wertheimer,  Samson,  I,  17,  VIII, 

4. 
Wesel,   N.    Herz    (Hartwig   Wes- 

sely),  III,  23. 
Wesseley,  Emanuel,  I,  5. 
Wessely,  M.  A.,  X,  15,  III,  7. 
Wessely,  Wolfgang,  IV,  21. 


INDEX. 


157 


Wette  de,  VI,  1849. 
Weyl,  L.,  IX,  9. 
Wiener,  A.,  VIII,  25. 
Wiener,  Charles,  VIII,  27. 
Wiener,  Jacques,  XI,  3. 
Wiener,  M.,  VI,  3,  III,  30. 
Wiesner,  Jonas,  V,  28. 
Wihl,  Ludwig,  I,  16. 
Willstadter,  Ephraim,  V,  19. 
Wilna,  III,  21. 
Winer,  J.  G.  B.,  V,  12. 
Winter — murdered,  III,  11. 
Winterstein,  Simon  von,  VI,  10. 
Wise,  Isaac  M.,  Ill,  29,  III,  26. 
Wisotzski,   Tvahuan    W.,    VIT,    8, 

V,  25. 
Wittersheim.  Prosper,  XII,  5. 
Wogue,  Lazar,  VII,  22,  IV,  14. 
Wohl,    Jeanette    Strauss,    X,    16, 

XI,  27. 
W^ohllerner,  Jetti,  X,  5. 
Wohlwill,  Immanuel,  VIII,  28, 

III,  2. 
Wolf,  Gerson,  X,  30. 
Wolf,  J.  Chr.,  II,  21,  VII,  25. 
Wolf,  Dr.  Leo,  IV,  26. 


Wolf,  Paul,  I,  2. 

Wolf,  Sabatja,  II,  28. 

Wolfenblittel,  VI,  14. 

Wolff,  A.  A.,  V,  24. 

Wolff,  Abr.  Alexander,  XII,  3. 

Wolff,  Hermann,  II,  4. 

Wolff,  Joseph,  V,  2. 

Wolff,  Moritz,  III,  19. 

Wolff,  0.  L.  B.,  VII,  26. 

Wolffson,  Isaac,  I,  19,  X,  12. 

Wolfsohn,  Wilhelm,  X,  20. 

Wolfsohn,  Aaron,  III,  20. 

Wolfson,  William,  VIII,  3. 

Wonder,  Eabbi,  I,  29. 

Worms — riot,  IV,  7. 

Worms,  Aaron,  VII,  7,  V,  2. 

Worms,  Kalman,  IV,  28. 

Wormser,  Isaac  Lob,  IX,  13. 

Wulff,    Moses     Benjamin,    VIII, 

29. 
Wunderbar,     Eeiibeu,     IX,     12, 

VIII,  16. 
Wiirt ember g-,  IV,  25. 
Wurzburo— riots,   VIII,   2,   VII, 

23. 


X. 


Xanten,  Jews  of,  VI,  27. 


Xanten,  accusation,  VI,  29. 


Young,  Philip,  II,  11. 


158 


INDEX. 


z. 


Zacuto,  Matathia,  VI,  5. 
Zahalon,  Jacob,  IX,  18. 
Zahalon,  Mordecai,  XI,  30. 
Zakut,  Moses,  X,  1. 
Zamosz,  Hirsch,  IX,  3. 
Zang^A'ill,  Israel,  II.  14. 
Zebi,  x\shkenazi,  Y.  3. 
Zecharja,  Mendel,  XII,  20. 
Zederbaum,  Alex,  VIII,  27, 

rv 
i  . 

Zedner,  Joseph,  X,  10. 


Zeiszl,  Herman,  von,  IX,  22,  IX, 

23. 
Zionists  Congress,  VIII,  29. 
Zipser,  Maier,  VIII,  14,  XII,  9. 
Zirndorf,  Henry,  XII,  17. 
Zola,  Emil,  IX,  29. 
Zox,  Ephraim  L.,  X,  23. 
Zuckermann,   Benedict,   XII,   15. 
IX,  Znnz,  Leopold,  VIII,  10,  III,  18. 
Zweifel,  El.  Zebi,  IV,  15,  II,  20. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 

This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


^^T^t^jf 


X'DLD-URL 
NOV  16  W 


Form  L9-Series  4939 


[km      iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 
^  3   1158  00644   7154 


UC  SOUTHERN  REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 


AA    000  830  429    7 


